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PROSPECTUS

 

January 1, 2022

Green California Tax-Free Income Fund, Direct Shares: CFNTX

S&P 500 Index Fund, Direct Shares: SPFIX, K Shares: SPXKX

S&P MidCap Index Fund, Direct Shares: SPMIX, K Shares: MIDKX

S&P SmallCap Index Fund, Direct Shares: SMCIX, K Shares: SMLKX

Shelton Equity Income Fund, Direct Shares: EQTIX, K Shares: EQTKX

Nasdaq-100 Index Fund, Direct Shares: NASDX, K Shares: NDXKX

U.S. Government Securities Fund, Direct Shares: CAUSX, K Shares: CAUKX

The United States Treasury Trust, Direct Shares: UTSXX

Shelton Green Alpha Fund, Direct Shares: NEXTX

The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed on whether the information in this prospectus is adequate or accurate. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. The Funds are not bank deposits and are not guaranteed, endorsed or insured by any financial institution or government entity such as the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). Some Funds or classes in this Prospectus may not be available in your state. Please check with your Advisor to determine those funds and classes available for sale in your state. The information contained in this Prospectus relates to both Direct Shares and K Shares of the Funds unless otherwise noted.

2

Table of Contents

GREEN CALIFORNIA TAX-FREE INCOME FUND Ticker Symbol: CFNTX

3

S&P 500 INDEX FUND Ticker Symbols: SPFIX and SPXKX

5

S&P MIDCAP INDEX FUND Ticker Symbols: SPMIX and MIDKX

7

S&P SMALLCAP INDEX FUND Ticker Symbols: SMCIX and SMLKX

9

SHELTON EQUITY INCOME FUND Ticker Symbols: EQTIX and EQTKX

11

NASDAQ-100 INDEX FUND Ticker Symbols: NASDX and NDXKX

13

U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES FUND Ticker Symbols: CAUSX and CAUKX

15

THE UNITED STATES TREASURY TRUST Ticker Symbol: UTSXX

17

SHELTON GREEN ALPHA FUND Ticker Symbol: NEXTX

19

Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares

22

Investment Objectives and Principal Strategies

22

Investment Risks

26

Fund Organization and Management

30

How to Buy Shares

31

How to Sell Shares

33

Other Important Policies Related to Buying and Selling Shares

34

Other Policies

35

Dividends and Taxes

37

Notice of Privacy Policy

40

3

GREEN CALIFORNIA TAX-FREE INCOME FUND Ticker Symbol: CFNTX

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to seek high current tax-free income for California residents.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.

Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment)

   

Sales and redemption charges

none

Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

   

Management fees

0.50%

Distribution (12b-1) fees

none

Other expenses

0.24%

Total Annual Fund Operating Expense

0.74%

A $10 account fee may be charged to accounts with a balance of less than $10,000

Example of Expenses

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

1 year

3 years

5 years

10 years

CFNTX

$76

$237

$411

$918

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating expenses or in the Example of Expenses, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 7% of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

The Fund invests in municipal bonds issued by the State of California and various municipalities located within California. Generally, these bonds are rated in one of the four highest ratings (investment grade) by an independent rating organization such as Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s or Fitch. In some cases, securities are not rated by independent agencies. The Fund will generally purchase an unrated security only if Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund, believes the security is of similar quality to an investment-grade issue. Shelton Capital Management will seek to invest in municipal bonds that meet environmental, social and governance screens so that the Fund may be considered a green municipal bond fund. In evaluating environmental, social and governance considerations, Shelton Capital Management uses criteria including, but not limited to, use of bond proceeds, expected environmental impact, the source of revenues for repayment, and the reputation of the issuer. Generally, the interest on municipal bonds is not subject to federal and California personal income taxes. Under normal market conditions, it is the Fund’s fundamental policy to invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in California municipal bonds, although generally the percentage is much higher. California municipal bonds include municipal bonds issued by the State of California and various municipalities located within California. The Fund’s duration typically ranges from four to twelve years. Although the Fund is not prevented from holding bonds whose interest is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax (“AMT”), Shelton Capital Management seeks to invest primarily in non-AMT bonds. Shelton Capital Management may sell portfolio securities for a variety of reasons, including when it believes such securities are no longer consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, other securities appear to offer more compelling opportunities, or to meet redemption requests. Changes in the rating of a security will not necessarily result in the sale of that security.

Principal Risks of Investing

You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. You should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate. The Fund is non-diversified which means it may invest a large percentage of its assets in the securities of a particular issuer as compared with other types of mutual funds. Accordingly, a chance exists that the Fund’s performance may be hurt disproportionately by poor performance of a relatively few number of securities or by factors that impact a relatively small number of issuers. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:

Interest Rate Risk. Debt security prices may decline due to rising interest rates. The price of debt securities with longer maturities is typically affected more by rising interest rates than the price of debt securities with shorter maturities.

Call Risk. If interest rates fall, issuers of callable bonds may repay securities with higher interest rates before maturity. This could cause the Fund to lose potential price appreciation and reinvest the proceeds in securities with lower interest rates or more credit risk.

Credit Risk. An issuer or guarantor of a debt security may be unable or unwilling to make scheduled payments of interest and principal. Actual or perceived deterioration in an issuer’s or guarantor’s financial condition may affect a security’s value.

4

Liquidity Risk. The Fund may not be able to purchase or sell a security in a timely manner or at desired prices or achieve its desired weighting in a security. Liquidity risk may result from the lack of an active market or a reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities, and may be magnified under circumstances that cause increased supply in the market due to unusually high selling activity.

ESG Risk. The Fund’s consideration of ESG factors as part of its investment strategy may limit the types and number of investment opportunities available to the Fund and, as a result, the Fund may underperform other funds that do not consider ESG factors. The Fund’s consideration of ESG factors may result in the Fund investing in securities or industry sectors that underperform the market as a whole, or forgoing opportunities to invest in securities that might otherwise be advantageous to buy. The Fund may also underperform other funds that apply different ESG standards.

Income Risk. The income you earn from a Fund may decline due to declining interest rates. This is because, in a falling interest rate environment, a Fund generally will have to invest the proceeds from sales of Fund shares, as well as the proceeds from maturing portfolio securities (or portfolio securities that have been called, see “Call Risk” above), into lower-yielding securities.  

Manager Risk. Shelton Capital Management’s opinion about the intrinsic worth or creditworthiness of an issuer or security may be incorrect or the market may continue to undervalue an issuer or security. Shelton Capital Management may not make timely purchases or sales of securities for the Fund.

U.S. Municipal Bond Risk. Like other bonds, U.S. municipal bonds are subject to credit risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, and call risk. However, the obligations of some municipal issuers may not be enforceable through the exercise of traditional creditors’ rights. The reorganization under federal bankruptcy laws of a municipal bond issuer may result in the bonds being cancelled without payment or repaid only in part, or in delays in collecting principal and interest.

State-Specific Risk. Since the Fund only invests in securities issued by entities in the state of California, it is exposed to economic and political developments in California that negatively impact those issuers.

Bankruptcy Risk. The risk that an issuer seeks protection under bankruptcy laws. In such a circumstance, the principal value of the bond would be expected to decline.

COVID-19 Risk. The impact of COVID-19, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.

Bar Chart and Performance Table

The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling 1-(800) 955-9988.

 

Best Quarter: 6.97% (Q3, 2009)

Worst Quarter: -4.24% (Q4, 2010)

Year to date performance as of 9/30/21: -.27%

Date of inception: 12/4/85

After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investors tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-advantaged arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.

Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/20)
Green California Tax-Free Income Fund

1 year

5 years

10 years

Return Before Taxes

3.22%

2.35%

3.47%

Return After Taxes on Distributions

2.49%

1.41%

2.40%

Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares

1.94%

1.40%

2.28%

Barclays Municipal Bond Index

5.21%

4.00%

4.67%

It is not possible for individuals to invest directly in an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.

Fund Management

Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Fund. William Mock has been the Fund’s lead portfolio manager since 2010. Stephen C. Rogers has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since 2003. David S. Falk has been a portfolio manager since February 4, 2019.

5

Other Important Information about Fund Shares

For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section on page 22 of this prospectus.

S&P 500 INDEX FUND Ticker Symbols: SPFIX and SPXKX

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to attempt to replicate the total return of the U.S. stock market as measured by the S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.

 

SPFIX 

SPXKX

Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment)

Sales and redemption charges

none

none

Annual Account Fee

$10.00

$10.00

 

Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Management fees

0.25%

0.25%

Distribution (12b-1) fees

none

0.25%

Other expenses

0.18%

0.43%

Total annual operating expenses

0.43%

0.93%

A $10 account fee may be charged to accounts.

Example of Expenses

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

1 year

3 years

5 years

10 years

SPFIX

$54

$168

$291

  $642

SPXKX

$105

$326

$565

$1,243

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example of Expenses, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 9% of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

The S&P 500 Index Fund seeks to provide investment results that correspond to the total return of common stocks publicly traded in the United States, as represented by the Standard & Poor’s 500 Composite Stock Price Index. The S&P 500 Index includes the common stocks of 500 leading U.S. companies from a broad range of industries. Standard & Poor’s, which maintains the index, makes all determinations regarding the inclusion of stocks in the index. Each stock is weighted in proportion to its total market value. The Fund is passively managed. It invests primarily in the stocks that make up the index so that the weighting of each stock in the portfolio approximates the index. Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund, seeks to maintain a return correlation of at least 0.95 to the S&P 500 Index (a return correlation of 1.00 is perfect). Under normal market conditions, it is the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in the underlying stocks of the index. The S&P 500 Index is a well-known stock market index that includes common stocks of companies representing approximately 91.6% of the total market Index as measured by the S&P Composite 1500. As of November 30, 2021, companies included in the Index range from $5.4 billion to $2,712 billion in market capitalization. The median market capitalization of the stocks in the S&P 500 Index is approximately $32.4 billion. The Fund may invest in futures contracts. The Fund generally maintains some short-term securities and cash equivalents in the portfolio to meet redemptions and needs for liquidity. Shelton will typically buy futures contracts so that the market value of the futures replicates the difference between the net assets of the fund and the equity holdings. This helps minimize the tracking error of the Fund.

The Fund invests in large companies from many sectors. In doing so, the Fund is not as sensitive to the movements of a single company’s stock or a single economic sector. However, during periods where investment alternatives such as MidCap stocks, SmallCap stocks, bonds and money market instruments outperform LargeCap stocks, we expect the performance of the Fund to underperform other mutual funds that invest in these alternatives. The S&P 500 Index is a capitalization-weighted index, meaning companies are weighted based on their size. Thus, poor performance of the largest companies could result in negative performance of the index and the Fund.

6

Principal Risks of Investing

You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. You should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate within a wide range. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:

Equity Risk. Equity securities can be volatile and may decline in value because of changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of their issuers or other events affecting their issuers. The Fund’s target index may, at times, become focused in stocks of a particular sector, category or group of companies, which could cause Fund to underperform the overall stock market.

Market Exposure Risk. Investment prices may increase or decrease, sometimes suddenly and unpredictably, due to general market conditions. The Fund is primarily invested in the U.S. stock market and is designed to track passively the performance of the large-cap sector. In an attempt to accurately track the performance of the S&P 500 Index, the Fund does not intend to take steps to reduce its market exposure.

Economic and Political Risks. The impact of positive or negative economic and political events could be short-term (by causing a change in the market that is corrected in a year or less) or long-term (by causing a change in the market that may last for many years). Events may affect one sector of the economy or a single stock, but may not have a significant impact on the overall market.

Stock Futures Risk. Although the Fund’s primary risks are associated with changes in the stock market, there are other risks associated with the Fund. These risks generally apply to how well the Fund tracks the index. For example, the Fund invests in futures contracts to the extent that it holds cash in the portfolio. If these futures contracts do not track the index, the Fund’s performance relative to the index will change.

COVID-19 Risk. The impact of COVID-19, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.

Bar Chart and Performance Table

The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling (800) 955-9988.

 

Best Quarter: 20.46% (Q2, 2020)

Worst Quarter: -21.58% (Q4, 2008)

Year to date performance as of 9/30/21: 15.46%

Date of inception: 4/20/92

After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-advantaged arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.

Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/20)
S&P 500 Index Fund - SPFIX

1 year

5 years

10 years

Return Before Taxes

17.79%

14.86%

13.57%

Return After Taxes on Distributions

9.12%

10.56%

10.96%

Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares

5.82%

9.01%

9.67%

S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index

18.39%

15.20%

13.87%

It is not possible for individuals to invest directly in an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.

Fund Management

Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Fund. The Fund is managed by a team consisting of Stephen C. Rogers, and Anthony Jacoby who have been the Fund’s portfolio managers since 2003, and 2022, respectively.

Other Important Information about Fund Shares

For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section on page 22 of this prospectus.

7

S&P MIDCAP INDEX FUND Ticker Symbols: SPMIX and MIDKX

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to attempt to replicate the performance of medium-sized U.S. companies as measured by the S&P MidCap 400 Index.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.

 

SPMIX

MIDKX

Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment)

Sales and redemption charges

none

none

Annual Account Fee

$10.00

$10.00

 

Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Management fees

0.40%

0.40%

Distribution (12b-1) fees

none

0.25%

Other expenses

0.22%

0.47%

Total annual operating expenses

0.62%

1.12%

A $10 account fee may be charged to accounts.

Example of Expenses

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

1 year

3 years

5 years

10 years

SPMIX

 $73

$229

$396

  $874

MIDKX

$124

$386

$667

$1,463

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 19% of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

The S&P MidCap Index Fund seeks to provide investment results that correspond to the total return of publicly traded common stocks of medium-size domestic companies, as represented by the S&P MidCap 400 Index. The S&P MidCap 400 Index includes the common stocks of 400 medium-sized U.S. companies from a broad range of industries. Standard & Poor’s, which maintains the index, makes all determinations regarding the inclusion of stocks in the index. Each stock is weighted in proportion to its total market value. The Fund is passively managed. It invests primarily in the stocks that make up the S&P MidCap 400 Index so that the weighting of each stock in the portfolio approximates the index. Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund, seeks to maintain a return correlation of at least 0.95 to the S&P MidCap 400 Index (a return correlation of 1.00 is perfect). Under normal market conditions, it is the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in the underlying stocks of the index. The S&P MidCap 400 Index is a recognized stock market index that includes common stocks of companies, representing approximately 5.9% of the total market index as measured by the S&P Composite 1500. As of November 30, 2021, companies included in the S&P MidCap 400 Index range from $1.7 billion to $31.3 billion in market capitalization. The median market capitalization of the stocks in the S&P MidCap 400 Index is approximately $5.5 billion. The Fund may invest in futures contracts. The Fund generally maintains some short-term securities and cash equivalents in the portfolio to meet redemptions and needs for liquidity. Shelton will typically buy futures contracts so that the market value of the futures replicates the difference between the net assets of the fund and the equity holdings. This helps minimize the tracking error of the Fund.

The Fund invests in mid-sized companies from many sectors. In doing so, the Fund is not as sensitive to the movements of a single company’s stock or a single economic sector. However, during periods where investment alternatives such as LargeCap stocks, SmallCap stocks, bonds and money market instruments outperform MidCap stocks, we expect the performance of the Fund to underperform other mutual funds that invest in these alternatives. The S&P MidCap 400 Index is a capitalization-weighted index, meaning companies are weighted based on their size. Thus, poor performance of the largest companies could result in negative performance of the index and the Fund.

8

Principal Risks

You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. You should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate within a wide range. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:

Equity Risk. Equity securities can be volatile and may decline in value because of changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of their issuers or other events affecting their issuers. The Fund’s target index may, at times, become focused in stocks of a particular sector, category or group of companies, which could cause Fund to underperform the overall stock market.

MidCap Stock Risk. The risk that stocks of relatively smaller capitalization within the midcap range of companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Relatively smaller capitalization companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, or may be dependent upon a small or inexperienced management group, and their securities may trade less frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger companies, which could lead to higher transaction costs. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater the risk.

Market Exposure Risk. Investment prices may increase or decrease, sometimes suddenly and unpredictably, due to general market conditions. The Fund is primarily invested in the U.S. stock market and is designed to track passively the performance of the midcap sector. In an attempt to accurately track the performance of the MidCap 400 Index, the Fund does not intend to take steps to reduce its market exposure.

Economic and Political Risks. The impact of positive or negative economic and political events could be short-term (by causing a change in the market that is corrected in a year or less) or long-term (by causing a change in the market that may last for many years). Events may affect one sector of the economy or a single stock, but may not have a significant impact on the overall market.

Stock Futures Risk. Although the Fund’s primary risks are associated with changes in the stock market, there are other risks associated with the Fund. These risks generally apply to how well the Fund tracks the index. For example, the Fund invests in futures contracts to the extent that it holds cash in the portfolio. If these futures contracts do not track the index, the Fund’s performance relative to the index will change.

COVID-19 Risk. The impact of COVID-19, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.

Bar Chart and Performance Table

The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling (800) 955-9988.

 

Best Quarter: 24.72% (Q4, 2020)

Worst Quarter: -29.68% (Q1, 2020)

Year to date performance as of 9/30/2021: 14.99%

Date of inception: 4/20/92

After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-advantaged arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.

Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/20)
S&P MidCap Index Fund - SPMIX

1 year

5 years

10 years

Return Before Taxes

13.32%

12.13%

11.23%

Return After Taxes on Distributions

4.16%

5.41%

6.92%

Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares

2.76%

5.15%

6.74%

S&P MidCap 400 Index

13.65%

12.33%

11.49%

It is not possible for individuals to invest directly in an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.

Fund Management

Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Fund. The Fund is managed by a team consisting of Stephen C. Rogers, and Anthony Jacoby who have been the Fund’s portfolio managers since 2003, and 2022, respectively.

9

Other Important Information about Fund Shares

For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section on page 22 of this prospectus.

S&P SMALLCAP INDEX FUND Ticker Symbols: SMCIX and SMLKX

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to attempt to replicate the performance of small-sized U.S. companies as measured by the S&P SmallCap 600 Stock Index.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.

 

SMCIX 

SMLKX

Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment) 

Sales and redemption charges

none

none

 

Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Management fees

0.50%

0.50%

Distribution (12b-1) fees

none

0.25%

Other expenses

0.31%

0.56%

Total annual operating expenses

0.81%

1.31%

A $10 account fee may be charged to accounts with a balance of less than $10,000

Example of Expenses

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

1 year

3 years

5 years

10 years

SMCIX

 $83

$259

$450

$1,002

SMLKX

$133

$415

$718

$1,579

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example of Expenses, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 14% of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

The S&P SmallCap Index Fund seeks to provide investment results that correspond to the total return of publicly traded common stocks of small-sized companies, as represented by the S&P SmallCap 600 Index The S&P SmallCap 600 Index includes common stocks of 600 small U.S. companies from a broad range of industries. Standard & Poor’s, which maintains the index, makes all determinations regarding the inclusion of stocks in the index. Each stock is weighted in proportion to its total market value. The Fund is passively managed. It invests primarily in the stocks that make up the S&P SmallCap 600 Index so that the weighting of each stock in the portfolio approximates the index. Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund “Shelton”, seeks to maintain a return correlation of at least 0.95 to the S&P SmallCap 600 Index (a return correlation of 1.00 is perfect). Under normal market conditions, it is the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in the underlying stocks. The S&P SmallCap 600 Index is a well-known stock market index that includes common stocks of companies representing approximately 2.5% of the total market index as measured by the S&P Composite 1500. As of November 30, 2021, companies included in the S&P SmallCap 600 Index range from $225.4 million to $8.5 billion in market capitalization. The median market capitalization of the stocks in the S&P SmallCap 600 Index is approximately $1.6 billion. The Fund may invest in futures contracts. The Fund generally maintains some short-term securities and cash equivalents in the portfolio to meet redemptions and needs for liquidity. Shelton will typically buy futures contracts so that the market value of the futures replicates the difference between the net assets of the fund and the equity holdings. This helps minimize the tracking error of the Fund.

The Fund invests in relatively smaller companies from many sectors. In doing so, the Fund is not as sensitive to the movements of a single company’s stock or a single economic sector. However, during periods where investment alternatives such as LargeCap stocks, SmallCap stocks, bonds and money market instruments outperform SmallCap stocks, we expect the performance of the Fund to underperform other mutual funds that invest in these alternatives. The S&P SmallCap 600 Index is a capitalization-weighted index, meaning companies are weighted based on their size. Thus, poor performance of the largest companies could result in negative performance of the index and the Fund.

10

Principal Risks of Investing

You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. You should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate within a wide range. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:

Equity Risk. Equity securities can be volatile and may decline in value because of changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of their issuers or other events affecting their issuers. The Fund’s target index may, at times, become focused in stocks of a particular sector, category or group of companies, which could cause Fund to underperform the overall stock market.

SmallCap Stock Risk. The risk that stocks of smaller capitalization companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Small capitalization companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, or may be dependent upon a small or inexperienced management group, and their securities may trade less frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger companies, which could lead to higher transaction costs. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater the risk.

Market Exposure Risk. Investment prices may increase or decrease, sometimes suddenly and unpredictably, due to general market conditions. The Fund is primarily invested in the U.S. stock market and is designed to track passively the performance of the small-cap sector. In an attempt to accurately track the performance of the SmallCap 600 Index, the Fund does not intend to take steps to reduce its market exposure.

Economic and Political Risks. The impact of positive or negative economic and political events could be short-term (by causing a change in the market that is corrected in a year or less) or long-term (by causing a change in the market that may last for many years). Events may affect one sector of the economy or a single stock, but may not have a significant impact on the overall market.

Stock Futures Risk. Although the Fund’s primary risks are associated with changes in the stock market, there are other risks associated with the Fund. These risks generally apply to how well the Fund tracks the index. For example, the Fund invests in futures contracts to the extent that it holds cash in the portfolio. If these futures contracts do not track the index, the Fund’s performance relative to the index will change.

COVID-19 Risk. The impact of COVID-19, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.

Bar Chart and Performance Table

The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling (800) 955-9988.

 

Best Quarter: 30.99% (Q4, 2021)

Worst Quarter: -32.66% (Q1, 2020)

Year to date performance as of 9/30/21: 19.41%

Date of inception: 10/2/96

After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-advantaged arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.

Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/20)
S&P SmallCap Index Fund - SMCIX

1 year

5 years

10 years

Return Before Taxes

11.37%

11.63%

11.57%

Return After Taxes on Distributions

6.52%

6.77%

8.34%

Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares

4.10%

6.06%

7.76%

S&P SmallCap 600 Index

11.24%

12.31%

11.88%

It is not possible for individuals to invest directly in an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.

Fund Management

Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Fund. The Fund is managed by a team consisting of Stephen C. Rogers, and Anthony Jacoby who have been the Fund’s portfolio managers since 2003, and 2022, respectively.

Other Important Information about Fund Shares

For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section of this prospectus.

11

SHELTON EQUITY INCOME FUND Ticker Symbols: EQTIX and EQTKX

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to achieve a high level of income and capital appreciation (when consistent with high income) by investing primarily in income-producing U.S. equity securities.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.

 

EQTIX

EQTKX

Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment) 

Sales and redemption charges

none

none

 

Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Management fees

0.50%

0.50%

Distribution (12b-1) fees

none

0.25%

Other expenses

0.24%

0.49%

Total Annual Fund Operating Expense

0.74%

1.24%

A $10 account fee may be charged to accounts with a balance of less than $10,000

Example of Expenses

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

1 year

3 years

5 years

10 years

EQTIX

 $76

$237

$411

  $918

EQTKX

$126

$393

$681

$1,500

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example of Expenses, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 108% of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

Shelton Equity Income Fund seeks a high level of current income by investing primarily in income-producing equity securities. The Fund will also consider the potential for price appreciation when consistent with seeking current income. In order to meet its investment objectives, the Fund invests primarily in U.S. equity securities that generate a relatively high level of dividend income (relative to other equities in the same industry) and have the potential for capital appreciation. These securities will generally be stocks of medium and large U.S. corporations. It is the Fund’s policy that, under normal market conditions, it will invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in common stocks. The Fund’s policy of investing in common stocks may not be changed unless Fund shareholders are given at least 60 days prior notice. Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund “Shelton”, seeks to purchase equity securities for the Fund’s portfolio consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, such as when Shelton Capital Management believes such securities have income producing potential, a potential for capital appreciation or value potential. 

When the market price of a stock equals or exceeds the strike price of a covered call option written against it, Shelton Capital Management may allow all or a portion of the stock to be sold or “called away” by the option buyer. Shelton Capital Management may sell portfolio securities for a variety of reasons, including when it believes such securities are no longer consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, other securities appear to offer more compelling opportunities, or to meet redemption requests. 

Although the Fund will attempt to invest as much of its assets as is practical in income-producing stocks, the Fund may maintain a reasonable (up to 20%) position in cash, U.S. Treasury bills or money market instruments to meet redemption requests and other liquidity needs. The Fund may invest in stock futures contracts to keep the net assets of the Fund fully invested in the equity markets in circumstances when the Fund is holding treasury bills, money market instruments, similar investments or cash in the portfolio. Utilizing futures allows the Fund to maintain a high percentage of the portfolio in the market while maintaining cash for liquidity needs.

Principal Risks of Investing

You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. You should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate within a wide range. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:

Equity Risk. Equity securities can be volatile and may decline in value because of changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of their issuers or other events affecting their issuers. The Fund’s target index may, at times, become focused in stocks of a sector, category or group of companies, which could cause Fund to underperform the overall stock market.

12

Market Exposure Risk. Investment prices may increase or decrease, sometimes suddenly and unpredictably, due to general market conditions. The Fund is primarily invested in the U.S. stock markets. As with any investment whose performance is linked to these markets, the value of an investment in the Fund will change. During a declining stock market, investment in this Fund would lose money.

Option Call and Put Risk. The Fund’s option strategy may limit the upside performance of any position for which a call is sold and may increase costs when puts are purchased. When selling a call, the Fund is effectively selling upside stock performance in exchange for immediate cash flow. In markets where a stock position goes up dramatically, this could cause the Fund to under-perform its benchmark and the equity markets in general. When buying a put, the Fund is spending a premium to protect the downward movement of the value of a position in the Fund’s portfolio. In the event the value of the position went up during the life of the put option, the option would expire without value and the Fund will have lost the premium paid.

Derivatives Risk. Investing with derivatives, such as options, and equity index futures, or other futures contracts involves risks additional to and possibly greater than those associated with investing directly in securities. The value of a derivative may not correlate to the value of the underlying instrument to the extent expected. Derivative transactions may be volatile, and can create leverage, which could cause the Fund to lose more than the amount of assets initially contributed to the transaction, if any. The Fund may not be able to close a derivatives position at an advantageous time or price. For over-the-counter derivatives transactions, the counterparty may be unable or unwilling to make required payments and deliveries, especially during times of financial market distress. Changes in regulation relating to a mutual fund’s use of derivatives and related instruments may make derivatives more costly, limit the availability of derivatives, or otherwise adversely affect the value or performance of derivatives and the Fund.

Economic and Political Risks. Many factors will affect the performance of the stock market. Two major factors are economic and political events. The impact of positive or negative events could be short-term (by causing a change in the market that is corrected in a year or less) or long-term (by causing a change in the market that may last for many years). Events may affect one sector of the economy or a single stock, but may not have a significant impact on the overall market.

Sector Risks. The Fund is primarily invested in U.S. value stocks and is designed to provide a dividend yield as well as the potential for capital appreciation. At times, the Fund may hold a concentrated position in the banking and financial sector. Therefore, the Funds’ performance may be significantly impacted by the performance of this sector.

Stock Futures Risk. The Fund’s primary risks are associated with changes in the stock market. However, there are other risks associated with the Fund. For example, the Fund may invest in futures contracts to the extent that it holds cash in the portfolio. If these futures contracts owned by the Fund do not perform well, the Fund’s performance will be impacted.

Value Securities Risks. Value stocks are typically purchased at prices that appear to be low relative to other similar securities. Often these companies might be “out of favor” with the market as a whole because of business weakness or failures. Value stocks may fall out of favor with investors and underperform other asset types during any given period. A company may never achieve a normalization of the stock price that the Adviser anticipates.

Manager Risk. Shelton Capital Management’s opinion about the intrinsic worth or creditworthiness of a company or security may be incorrect or the market may continue to undervalue the company or security. Shelton Capital Management may not make timely purchases or sales of securities for the Fund.

COVID-19 Risk. The impact of COVID-19, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.

Bar Chart and Performance Table

The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website (www.sheltoncap.com) or by calling (800) 955-9988.

 

Best Quarter:18.63% (Q2, 2009)

Worst Quarter: -20.02% (Q4, 2008)

Year to date performance as of 9/30/21: 14.85%

Date of inception: 9/4/96

13

After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-advantaged arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.

Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/20)
Shelton Equity Income Fund- EQTIX

1 year

5 years

10 years

Return Before Taxes

6.98%

8.63%

9.84%

Return After Taxes on Distributions

-10.47%

 -1.91%

4.00%

Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares

-4.35%

0.16%

4.20%

CBOE S&P 500 BuyWrite Monthly Index (BXM)*

-2.75%

5.32%

6.14%

S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index

18.39%

15.20%

13.87%

S&P / Citigroup Value Index

1.35%

10.50%

10.73%

It is not possible for individuals to invest directly in an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.

*Effective January 1, 2021, the Fund replaced the S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index as the Fund’s primary benchmark because the Adviser determined that the new benchmark more closely aligns with the investment strategies of the Fund.

Fund Management

Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Fund. The Fund is managed by a team consisting of Stephen C. Rogers, Barry Martin and Nick Griebenow who have been the Fund’s portfolio managers since 2003, 2018 and 2020, respectively.

Other Important Information about Fund Shares

For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section on page 22 of this prospectus.

NASDAQ-100 INDEX FUND Ticker Symbols: NASDX and NDXKX

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to attempt to replicate the performance of the largest non-financial companies as measured by the Nasdaq- 100 Index®.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund (excluding certain compliance costs, extraordinary expenses such as litigation or merger and reorganization expenses, for example). The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.

 

NASDX

NDXKX

Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment)

Sales and redemption charges

none

none

 

Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Management fees

0.50%

0.50%

Distribution (12b-1) fees

none

0.25%

Other expenses

0.13%

0.38%

Total annual operating expenses

0.63%

1.13%

Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement*

0.13%

0.13%

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement

0.50%

1.00%

A $10 account fee may be charged to accounts with a balance of less than $10,000

*Shelton has contractually agreed to reimburse expenses incurred by the Fund to the extent that total annual fund operating expenses (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, certain compliance costs, and extraordinary expenses such as litigation or merger and reorganization expenses, for example) exceed 0.49% and 0.99% until January 2, 2023. This agreement may only be terminated with the approval of the Board of Trustees of the Fund. Shelton may be reimbursed for any foregone advisory fees or unreimbursed expenses within three fiscal years following a particular reduction or expense, but only to the extent the reimbursement does not cause the Fund to exceed applicable expense limits, and the effect of the reimbursement is measured after all ordinary operating expenses are calculated. Any such reimbursement is subject to the review and approval of the Fund’s Board of Trustees.

Example of Expenses

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

1 year

3 years

5 years

10 years

NASDX

 $51

$189

$338

  $774

NDXKX

$102

$346

$610

$1,363

14

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example of Expenses, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 7% of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

The Nasdaq-100 Index® includes 100 of the largest domestic and international non-financial companies listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market based on market capitalization. Nasdaq, which maintains the index, makes all determinations regarding the inclusion of stocks in the index. Each stock is weighted in proportion to its total market value. The Fund is passively managed. It invests primarily in the stocks comprising the index so that the weighting of each stock in the portfolio approximates the index. Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund, seeks to maintain a return correlation of at least 0.95 to the Nasdaq 100 Index® (a return correlation of 1.00 is perfect). Under normal market conditions, it is the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in the stocks comprising the index. The Fund may invest in securities issued by other investment companies if those companies invest in securities consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies. Companies included in The Nasdaq-100 Index range from $15 billion to $2,413 billion in market capitalization as of November 30, 2021. The majority of portfolio transactions in the Fund (other than those made in response to shareholder activity) will be made to adjust the Fund’s portfolio to track the Index or to reflect occasional changes in the Index’s composition. The Fund may invest in futures contracts. The Fund generally maintains some short-term securities and cash equivalents in the portfolio to meet redemptions and needs for liquidity. Shelton will typically buy futures contracts so that the market value of the futures replicates the difference between the net assets of the fund and the equity holdings. This helps minimize the tracking error of the Fund.

The Fund may become “non-diversified” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalizations or index weightings of one or more stocks in the Nasdaq-100 Index®. This means that the Fund may invest a greater portion of its assets in a limited number of issuers than would be the case if the Fund were always managed as a diversified management investment company. The Fund intends to be diversified in approximately the same proportion as the Nasdaq-100 Index®. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the Fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status due solely to a change in the relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the Nasdaq-100 Index®.

Principal Risks

You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. You should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate within a wide range. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:

Equity Risk. Equity securities can be volatile and may decline in value because of changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of their issuers or other events affecting their issuers. The Fund’s target index may, at times, become focused in stocks of a particular sector, category or group of companies, which could cause Fund to underperform the overall stock market.

Market Exposure Risk. Investment prices may increase or decrease, sometimes suddenly and unpredictably, due to general market conditions. The Fund primarily invests in U.S. stocks and is designed to track the overall performance of the Nasdaq-100 Index®. In an attempt to accurately represent the Index, the Fund will typically not take steps to reduce its market exposure.

Concentration Risk. The Nasdaq-100 Index is subject to concentration risk. First, it is a modified-capitalization weighted index, meaning that except for some modifications, companies are weighted based on their size. Thus, the poor performance of the largest companies within the index could result in the negative performance of the index and the Fund. Additionally, the significant concentration of technology stocks makes the Fund’s performance particularly sensitive to this specific sector. Negative performance in the information technology sector will result in negative Fund performance.

Non-Diversification Risk. To the extent the Fund is managed as a non-diversified investment company, it is subject to the greater risk that the value of a specific security can perform differently from the market as a whole for reasons related to the issuer, such as operational performance, financial leverage and investment- level performance. The value of the Fund may decrease in response to the activities and financial prospects of an individual security in the Fund’s portfolio. Additionally, the Fund may be subject to greater risk, because the Fund’s performance may be more sensitive to any single economic, business, political or regulatory occurrence than the value of shares of a diversified investment company.

Economic and Political Risks. These effects may be short-term by causing a change in the market that is corrected in a year or less, or they may have long-term impacts which may cause changes in the market that may last for many years. Some factors may affect changes in one sector of the economy or one stock, but don’t have an impact on the overall market. The particular sector of the economy or the individual stock may be affected for a short or long-term.

Derivatives Risk. Investing with derivatives, such as options, and equity index futures, or other futures contracts involves risks additional to and possibly greater than those associated with investing directly in securities. The value of a derivative may not correlate to the value of the underlying instrument to the extent expected. Derivative transactions may be volatile, and can create leverage, which could cause the Fund to lose more than the amount of assets initially contributed to the transaction, if any. The Fund may not be able to close a derivatives position at an advantageous time or price. For over-the-counter derivatives transactions, the counterparty may be unable or unwilling to make required payments and deliveries, especially during times of financial market distress. Changes in regulation relating to a mutual fund’s use of derivatives and related instruments may make derivatives more costly, limit the availability of derivatives, or otherwise adversely affect the value or performance of derivatives and the Fund.

Stock Futures Risk. Although the Fund’s primary risks are associated with changes in the stock market, there are other risks associated with the Fund. These risks generally apply to how well the Fund tracks the index. For example, the Fund invests in futures contracts to the extent that it holds cash in the portfolio. If these futures contracts do not track the index, the Fund’s performance relative to the index will change.

COVID-19 Risk. The impact of COVID-19, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.

15

Bar Chart and Performance Table

The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling (800) 955-9988.

 

Best Quarter: 29.97% (Q2, 2020)

Worst Quarter: -23.81% (Q4, 2008)

Year to date performance as of 9/30/21: 14.53%

Date of inception:1/18/00

After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-advantaged arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.

Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/20)
Nasdaq-100 Index Fund - NASDX

1 year

5 years

10 years

Return Before Taxes

48.59%

23.17%

20.01%

Return After Taxes on Distributions

46.93%

20.60%

18.57%

Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares

28.47%

17.59%

16.53%

Nasdaq-100 Index

48.88%

24.26%

20.62%

It is not possible for individuals to invest directly in an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.

Fund Management

Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Fund. The Fund is managed by a team consisting of Stephen C. Rogers, and Anthony Jacoby who have been the Fund’s portfolio managers since 2003, and 2022, respectively.

.

Other Important Information about Fund Shares

For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section on page 22 of this prospectus.

U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES FUND Ticker Symbols: CAUSX and CAUKX

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to seek liquidity, safety from credit risk and as high a level of income as is consistent with these objectives.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund (excluding certain compliance costs, extraordinary expenses such as litigation or merger and reorganization expenses, for example). The table and example below do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.

Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment)

CAUSX

CAUKX

Sales and redemption charges

none

none

 

Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Management fees

0.50%

0.50%

Distribution (12b-1) fees

none

0.25%

Other expenses

0.50%

0.76%

Total annual operating expenses

1.00%

1.51%

Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement*

0.25%

0.25%

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement

0.75%

1.26%

A $10 account fee may be charged to accounts with a balance of less than $10,000

16

*Shelton has contractually agreed to reimburse expenses incurred by the Fund to the extent that total annual fund operating expenses (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, certain compliance costs, and extraordinary expenses such as litigation or merger and reorganization expenses, for example) exceed 0.74% and 1.24% until January 2, 2023. This agreement may only be terminated with the approval of the Board of Trustees of the Fund. Shelton may be reimbursed for any foregone advisory fees or unreimbursed expenses within three fiscal years following a particular reduction or expense, but only to the extent the reimbursement does not cause the Fund to exceed applicable expense limits and the effect of the reimbursement is measured after all ordinary operating expenses are calculated. Any such reimbursement is subject to the review and approval of the Fund’s Board of Trustees.

Example of Expenses

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

1 year

3 years

5 years

10 years

CAUSX

 $77

$294

$528

$1,202

CAUKX

$127

$452

$799

$1,779

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating expenses or in the Example of Expenses, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 15% of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

The Fund invests primarily in high-quality bonds whose interest is guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States government and its agencies or instrumentalities. The government securities in which the Fund invests primarily include U.S. Treasury Securities and Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) Certificates. Under normal market conditions, it is the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities. The Fund invests in intermediate and long-term fixed income securities. While the Fund is not limited to any duration, Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund, generally seeks to target the Fund’s dollar-weighted average portfolio duration in a range between three to twelve years. Generally, Shelton Capital Management seeks a balance between risk and return, for example in allocating investments between U.S. Treasury bonds and GNMA pass-through securities in an attempt to maximize the overall performance of the Fund. Shelton Capital Management generally will consider selling securities from the Fund’s portfolio when it believes that such securities are no longer consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, when altering the duration of the fund or the balance or investments among treasuries and GNMAs, to meet redemption requests and in other circumstances that Shelton deems appropriate consistent with the Fund’s investment objective.

Principal Risks

You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. You should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate within a wide range. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:

Interest Rate Risk. Debt security prices may decline due to rising interest rates. The price of debt securities with longer maturities is typically affected more by rising interest rates than the price of debt securities with shorter maturities.

Call Risk. If interest rates fall, issuers of callable bonds may repay securities with higher interest rates before maturity. This could cause the Fund to lose potential price appreciation and reinvest the proceeds in securities with lower interest rates or more credit risk.

Prepayment Risk. Similar to call risk. In the case of GNMA securities, payments to the Fund are based on payments from the underlying mortgages. During periods where homeowners refinance their mortgages, these securities are paid off and the Fund may have to reinvest the principal in lower yielding securities. This would reduce the income generated from the portfolio.

Income Risk. The chance that declining interest rates will reduce the amount of income paid by the Fund over long periods of time.

U.S. Government Securities Risk. The U.S. Government agency securities in which the Fund may invest include securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”). Securities issued by Ginnie Mae are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. Other U.S. Government securities are supported only by the credit of the issuer or instrumentality. There is a risk that the U.S. government will not provide financial support to U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so by law

Manager Risk. Shelton Capital Management’s opinion about the intrinsic worth or creditworthiness of an issuer or security may be incorrect or the market may continue to undervalue an issuer or security. Shelton Capital Management may not make timely purchases or sales of securities for the Fund.

COVID-19 Risk. The impact of COVID-19, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.

Bar Chart and Performance Table

The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling (800) 955-9988.

 

 

17

Best Quarter: 5.92% (Q1, 2020)

Worst Quarter: -5.07% (Q2, 2009)

Year to date performance as of 9/30/21: 2.35%

Date of inception:12/4/85

After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates, and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-advantaged arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.

Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/20)
U. S. Government Securities Fund - CAUSX

1 year

5 years

10 years

Return Before Taxes

5.33%

2.36%

1.99%

Return After Taxes on Distributions

4.85%

1.78%

1.39%

Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares

3.22%

1.60%

1.30%

Barclays GNMA Index

3.68%

2.85%

2.94%

Barclays Treasury Index

8.00%

3.83%

3.36%

It is not possible for individuals to invest directly into an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.

Fund Management

Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Fund. William Mock has been the Fund’s lead portfolio manager since 2010. Stephen C. Rogers has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since 2003.

Other Important Information about Fund Shares

For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section of this prospectus.

THE UNITED STATES TREASURY TRUST Ticker Symbol: UTSXX

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to seek high current income exempt from state income taxes while maintaining a stable net asset value of $1.00 per share.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund (excluding certain compliance costs, extraordinary expenses such as litigation or merger and reorganization expenses, for example). The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.

Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment)

Sales and redemption charges

none

 

Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Management fees

0.50%

Distribution (12b-1) fees

none

Other expenses

0.27%

Total annual operating expenses

0.77%

Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement*

(0.24)%

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement

0.53%

A $24 account fee may be charged to accounts.

*Shelton has contractually agreed to reimburse expenses incurred by the Fund to the extent that total annual fund operating expenses (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, certain compliance costs, and extraordinary expenses such as litigation or merger and reorganization expenses, for example) exceed 0.53% until January 2, 2023. This agreement may only be terminated with the approval of the Board of Trustees of the Fund. Shelton may be reimbursed for any foregone advisory fees or unreimbursed expenses within three fiscal years following a particular reduction or expense, but only to the extent the reimbursement does not cause the Fund to exceed applicable expense limits, and the effect of the reimbursement is measured after all ordinary operating expenses are calculated. Any such reimbursement is subject to the review and approval of the Fund’s Board of Trustees.

18

Example of Expenses

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

1 year

3 years

5 years

10 years

UTSXX

$7

$176

$359

$889

Principal Investment Strategies

The Fund primarily invests its assets in cash, repurchase agreements and government securities with interest guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States government. The Fund buys securities that have a maturity of less than 397 days, so that the Fund’s weighted average maturity does not exceed the Rule 2a-7 requirements under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, currently 60 days. It is the Fund’s policy to invest at least 99.5% of its total assets in cash, government securities, and/or repurchase agreements collateralized by cash or government securities and in compliance with industry-standard regulatory requirements for money market funds for quality, maturity, and diversification.

Principal Risks

You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:

Income Risk. The chance that declining interest rates will reduce the amount of income paid by the Fund.

Interest Rate Risk. Debt security prices may decline due to rising interest rates. The price of debt securities with longer maturities is typically affected more by rising interest rates than the price of debt securities with shorter maturities.

Manager Risk. Shelton Capital Management’s opinion about the intrinsic worth or creditworthiness of an issuer or security may be incorrect or the market may continue to undervalue an issuer or security. Shelton Capital Management may not make timely purchases or sales of securities for the Fund.

The securities that the Fund holds are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States federal government and are those that Shelton believes do not represent credit risk to the Fund. It is important to note that the U.S. government backs the securities held by the Fund, but not the Fund itself. An investment in the Fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the $1.00 per share price, it is possible to lose money by investing in the Fund. The Fund may impose a fee upon the sale of your shares or may temporarily suspend your ability to sell shares if the Fund’s liquidity falls below required minimums because of market conditions or other factors. The Fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the Fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time.

COVID-19 Risk. The impact of COVID-19, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.

Bar Chart and Performance Table

The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling (800) 955-9988.

 

Best Quarter: 1.15% (Q4, 2006)

Worst Quarter: 0.00% (Q3, 2021)

Year to date performance as of 9/30/21: 0.00%

Date of inception: 4/26/89

After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates, and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-advantaged arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.

19

Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/19)- UTSXX
The United States Treasury Trust 

1 year

5 years

10 years

Return Before Taxes

0.25%

0.69%

0.34%

Seven-day yield as of 12/31/20: 0.00%

To obtain a current 7-day yield for the Fund call toll-free (800) 955-9988.

Fund Management

Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor for the Fund. William Mock has been the Fund’s lead portfolio manager since 2010. Stephen C. Rogers has served as a member of the portfolio management team since 2003.

Other Important Information about Fund Shares

For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section on page 22 of this prospectus.

SHELTON GREEN ALPHA FUND Ticker Symbol: NEXTX

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing in stocks in the green economy.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.

Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment)

Sales and redemption charges

None

 

Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Management fees

1.00%

Distribution (12b-1) fees

None

Other expenses

0.16%

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses

1.16%

A $10 account fee may be charged to accounts with a balance of less than $10,000

Example of Expenses

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

1 year

3 years

5 years

10 years

NEXTX

$118

$368

$638

$1,409

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example of Expenses, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 12% of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

The Fund invests primarily in common stocks of companies that Green Alpha Advisors, the investment sub-adviser to the Fund, believes are leaders in managing environmental risks and opportunities, have above average growth potential and are reasonably valued. Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the Fund’s total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) will be invested in U.S. common stocks and American Depository Receipts (“ADRs”). The Fund may invest in companies of all sizes and seeks diversification by economic sector and geography. The Fund generally intends to purchase securities for long-term investments rather than short-term gains. However, a security may be held for a shorter than expected period of time if, for example, Green Alpha Advisors needs to raise cash in the Fund or feels that it is appropriate to do so.

Green Alpha Advisors identifies a universe of green economy companies based on proprietary set of qualitative criteria. A “green economy” company is one which Green Alpha Advisors believes works to improve human well-being and increase economic efficiencies, while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities. Green economy companies provide products and services that help economies to adapt to, solve or mitigate the effects of key environmental and economic systemic risks, namely resource scarcity and climate change. Green Alpha Advisors maintains a proprietary list of at least 400 companies from multiple industries and economic sectors meeting Green Alpha Advisors’ qualitative criteria. This list is created after a review of a company’s business plan, activities and operating policies, as well as other qualitative criteria, including but not limited to, strength of management team, corporate governance practices, brand and product reputation, competitive positioning, industry growth probabilities, market size analysis, assessment of barriers to entry, assessment of aggregate

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sustainability risks and defensible patents and intellectual property. Stocks to be purchased by the fund are selected from this green economy universe by the Sub-Advisor using quantitative and qualitative analyses. Green Alpha Advisors employs both qualitative and quantitative fundamental analysis designed to evaluate each company’s financial condition and relative industry position, as well as qualitative criteria derived from macro-economics. Quantitative analysis refers to a mathematical review of the companies’ operating performance and characteristics related to its investment attractiveness, while qualitative analysis refers to Green Alpha Advisors’ judgment when evaluating the green economy and sustainability characteristics as related to the future prospects of a company.

Green Alpha Advisors seeks to purchase equity securities for the Fund’s portfolio consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives. Green Alpha Advisors generally will consider selling equity securities from the Fund’s portfolio when it believes such securities are no longer consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives or desired valuation metrics, other securities appear to offer more compelling opportunities, to meet redemption requests and in other circumstances Green Alpha Advisors deems consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives.

Although the Fund will attempt to invest as much of its assets as is practical in common stocks, the Fund may maintain a reasonable (up to 20%) position in in U.S. Treasury Bills and money market instruments to meet redemption requests and other liquidity needs.

The Fund may invest in stock futures contracts when holding cash or cash equivalents to keep the Fund more fully exposed to the equity markets. Utilizing futures allows the Fund to maintain a high percentage of the portfolio in the market while maintaining cash for short-term liquidity needs and other purposes.

Principal Risks

You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. You should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate within a wide range. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:

Economic and Political Risks. Many factors will affect the performance of the stock market. Two major factors are economic and political events. The impact of positive or negative events could be short-term (by causing a change in the market that is corrected in a year or less) or long-term (by causing a change in the market that may last for many years). Events may affect one sector of the economy or a single stock, but may not have a significant impact on the overall market.

Concentration Risk. The significant concentration of green economy companies makes the Fund’s performance particularly sensitive to this specific sector. Negative performance in the green economy sector may result in negative Fund performance. Additionally, the significant concentration of consumer, non-cyclical stocks makes the Fund’s performance particularly sensitive to this specific sector. Negative performance in the consumer, non-cyclical sector may result in negative Fund performance.

SmallCap Stock Risk. The risk that stocks of smaller capitalization companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Small capitalization companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, or may be dependent upon a small or inexperienced management group, and their securities may trade less frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger companies, which could lead to higher transaction costs. Generally the smaller the company size, the greater the risk.

MidCap Stock Risk. The risk that stocks of relatively smaller capitalization within the midcap range of companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Relatively smaller capitalization companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, or may be dependent upon a small or inexperienced management group, and their securities may trade less frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger companies, which could lead to higher transaction costs. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater the risk.

Non-U.S. Investment Risk. Securities of non-U.S. issuers (including ADRs and other securities that represent interests in a non-U.S. issuer’s securities) may be less liquid, more volatile, and harder to value than U.S. securities. Non-U.S. issuers may be subject to political, economic, or market instability or unfavorable government action in their local jurisdictions or economic sanctions or other restrictions imposed by U.S. or foreign regulators. There may be less information publicly available about non-U.S. issuers and their securities, and those issuers may be subject to lower levels of government regulation and oversight. Non-U.S. stock markets may decline due to conditions specific to an individual country, including unfavorable economic conditions relative to the United States. There may be increased risk of delayed transaction settlement or security certificate loss.

Non-U.S. Currency Risk. Non-U.S. currencies may decline relative to the U.S. dollar, which reduces the unhedged value of securities denominated in or otherwise exposed to those currencies. Shelton Capital Management may not be able to determine accurately the extent to which a security or its issuer is exposed to currency risk.

Environmental Investing Risk. The Fund’s environmental criteria limits the available investments compared to similar funds that do not have the same criteria limits. Accordingly, the Fund may forego opportunities to buy certain securities when it might otherwise be advantageous to do so, or may sell securities for environmental reasons when it might be otherwise disadvantageous for it to do so.

Liquidity Risk. The Fund may invest in securities in the green economy that cannot be traded quickly enough in the market to prevent a loss or make the required profit.

Market Exposure Risk. Investment prices may increase or decrease, sometimes suddenly and unpredictably, due to general market conditions. The Fund is primarily invested in European stock markets. As with any investment whose performance is linked to these markets, the value of an investment in the Fund will change. During a declining stock market, investment in this Fund would lose money.

Manager Risk. Green Alpha Advisors’ opinion about the intrinsic worth or creditworthiness of a company or security may be incorrect or the market may continue to undervalue the company or security. Green Alpha Advisors’ may not make timely purchases or sales of securities for the Fund.

Derivatives Risk. Investing with derivatives, such as options, and equity index futures, or other futures contracts involves risks additional to and possibly greater than those associated with investing directly in securities. The value of a derivative may not correlate to the value of the underlying instrument to the extent expected. Derivative transactions may be volatile, and can create leverage, which could cause the Fund to lose more than the amount of assets initially contributed to the transaction, if any. The Fund may not be able to close a derivatives position at

21

an advantageous time or price. For over-the-counter derivatives transactions, the counterparty may be unable or unwilling to make required payments and deliveries, especially during times of financial market distress. Changes in regulation relating to a mutual fund’s use of derivatives and related instruments may make derivatives more costly, limit the availability of derivatives, or otherwise adversely affect the value or performance of derivatives and the Fund.

COVID-19 Risk. The impact of COVID-19, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.

Bar Chart and Performance Table

The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling 1-800-955-9988.

 

Best Quarter: 44.62% (Q4, 2020)

Worst Quarter: -18.32% (Q1, 2020)

Year to date performance as of 9/30/21: 7.27%

Date of inception: 3/12/13

*Not annualized

After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after- tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-advantaged arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.

Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/20)
Shelton Green Alpha Fund - NEXTX

1 year

5 Year

Return Before Taxes

113.87%

25.32%

Return After Taxes on Distributions

111.49%

24.49%

Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares

67.34%

21.04%

MSCI ACWI IMI (Investable Market Index) *

18.39%

15.20%

*It is not possible for individuals to invest directly in an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.

Fund Management

Investment Advisor and Sub-Advisor: Shelton Capital Management is the investment advisor to the Fund. Green Alpha Advisors is the sub-advisor to the Fund and is responsible for its ongoing daily investment management, pursuant to an agreement between Shelton Capital Management and Green Alpha Advisors and approved by the Board of Trustees of the Fund.

Jeremy Deems and Garvin Jabusch of Green Alpha Advisors have served as Co-Portfolio Managers of the Fund since its inception.

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Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

Each Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums are as follows:

 

Minimum Initial Investment

Minimum Subsequent Investment

Accounts with Automatic Investment Plan (“AIP”)

$500

$100

All other accounts

$1,000

$100

You may redeem all or a portion of your shares on any business day that a Fund is open for business by mail, telephone or our website (www.sheltoncap.com).You may receive the redemption by wire, electronic funds transfer or check. The sale price of your shares will be the Fund’s next determined net asset value after the Fund’s transfer agent, or an authorized agent or sub-agent receives all required documents in good order as further described below. If you have questions or need assistance, you may call client services for Shelton Funds at (800) 955- 9988 during normal business hours (generally 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Mountain Time).

Tax Information. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, a Fund’s distributions may be taxable as ordinary income, capital gains, exempt-interest dividends, qualified dividend income, or section 199A dividends, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Subsequent withdrawals from such a tax-advantaged investment plan will be subject to special tax rules.

Payments to Broker-Dealers and other Financial Intermediaries. If you purchase a Fund through an employee benefit plan, the Fund, Shelton Capital Management or related entities may make payments to the recordkeeper, broker/ dealer, bank, or other financial institution or organization (each a “financial intermediary”) that provides shareholder recordkeeping or other administrative services to the plan as compensation for those services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing your Financial Intermediary to make available a Fund over other mutual funds or investments. You should ask your financial intermediary about differing and divergent interests and how it is compensated for administering your Fund investment.

Investment Objectives and Principal Strategies

Green California Tax-Free Income Fund – The Green California Tax-Free Income Fund’s objective is to seek high current tax-free income for California residents.

The Green California Tax-Free Income Fund seeks as high a level of income, exempt from regular federal and California personal income taxes, as is consistent with prudent investment management and safety of capital. The Fund invests in intermediate and long- term municipal bonds. The Fund invests in municipal bonds issued by the State of California and various municipalities located within California. Generally, these bonds are rated in one of the four highest rating categories (investment grade) by an independent rating organization such as Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s and Fitch. In some cases, securities are not rated by independent agencies. The Fund will generally purchase an unrated security only if Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund, believes the security is of similar quality to an investment-grade issue. Shelton Capital Management will seek to invest in municipal bonds that meet environmental, social and governance screens so that the Fund may be considered a green municipal bond fund. In evaluating environmental, social and governance considerations, Shelton Capital Management uses criteria including, but not limited to, use of bond proceeds, expected environmental impact, the source of revenues for repayment, and the reputation of the issuer. Generally, the interest on municipal bonds is not subject to federal and California personal income taxes. Under normal market conditions, it is the Fund’s fundamental policy to invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in California municipal bonds, although generally the percentage is much higher. California municipal bonds include municipal bonds issued by the State of California and various municipalities located within California. The Fund’s duration typically ranges from four to twelve years. Although the Fund is not prevented from holding bonds whose interest is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax (“AMT”), Shelton Capital Management seeks to invest primarily in non-AMT bonds. Shelton Capital Management attempts to select securities that it believes will provide the best balance between risk and return within the Fund’s range of allowable investments. The Fund is actively managed for total return. In managing the portfolio, a number of factors are considered including general market and economic conditions and their likely effects on the level and term-structure of interest rates, yield spreads among securities, and the credit type and quality of the issuer. Tax-free income to shareholders is achieved through the purchase of municipal bonds that are not subject to regular federal and California personal income taxes, provided at least 50% of the total assets if the Fund consists of such obligations and the Fund maintains its status as a regulated investment company (RIC). Generally, income represents the greatest portion of return over time, the total return from a municipal security includes both income and price losses and gains. Shelton Capital Management may sell portfolio securities for a variety of reasons, including when it believes that such securities are no longer consistent with the Fund ‘s investment objective, other securities appear to offer more compelling opportunities, or to meet redemption requests. Changes in the rating of a security will not necessarily result in the sale of that security.

S&P 500 Index Fund – The S&P 500 Index Fund’s investment objective is to attempt to replicate the total return of the U.S. stock market as measured by the S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index. The S&P 500 Index Fund seeks to provide investment results that correspond to the total return of common stocks publicly traded in the United States, as represented by the Standard & Poor’s 500 Composite Stock Price Index. The S&P 500 Index includes the common stocks of 500 leading U.S. companies from a broad range of industries. Standard & Poor’s, which maintains the index, makes all determinations regarding the inclusion of stocks in the index. Each stock is weighted in proportion to its total market value. The Fund is passively managed. It invests primarily in the stocks that make up the index so that the weighting of each stock in the portfolio approximates the index. Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund, seeks to maintain a return correlation of at least 0.95 to the S&P 500 Index (a return correlation of 1.00 is perfect). Under normal market conditions, it is the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in the underlying stocks of the index. The S&P 500 Index is a well-known stock market index that includes common stocks of companies representing approximately 92.2% of the total market Index as measured by the S&P Composite 1500. As of November 30, 2021, companies included in the Index range from $5.4 billion to $2,712 billion in market capitalization. The median market capitalization of the stocks in the S&P 500 Index is approximately $26 billion. The Fund may invest in futures contracts. The Fund generally maintains some short-term securities and cash equivalents in the

23

portfolio to meet redemptions and needs for liquidity. Shelton will typically buy futures contracts so that the market value of the futures replicates the difference between the net assets of the fund and the equity holdings. This helps minimize the tracking error of the Fund. This performance variation occurs because, unlike the index, the Fund must pay operating expenses and contend with the flow of cash in and out of the Fund primarily from shareholder activity. While Shelton Capital Management expects the Fund’s performance to closely represent the index, the Fund will generally underperform the index.

The Fund invests in large companies from many sectors. In doing so, the Fund is not as sensitive to the movements of a single company’s stock or a single economic sector. However, during periods where investment alternatives such as MidCap stocks, SmallCap stocks, bonds and money market instruments outperform LargeCap stocks, we expect the performance of the Fund to underperform other mutual funds that invest in these alternatives. The S&P 500 Index is a capitalization-weighted index, meaning companies are weighted based on their size. Thus, poor performance of the largest companies could result in negative performance of the index and the Fund.

S&P MidCap Index Fund – The S&P MidCap Index Fund’s investment objective is to attempt to replicate the performance of medium-sized U.S. companies as measured by the S&P MidCap 400 Index.

The S&P MidCap Index Fund seeks to provide investment results that correspond to the total return of publicly traded common stocks of medium-size domestic companies, as represented by the S&P MidCap 400 Index. The S&P MidCap 400 Index includes the common stocks of 400 medium-sized U.S. companies from a broad range of industries. Standard & Poor’s, which maintains the index, makes all determinations regarding the inclusion of stocks in the index. Each stock is weighted in proportion to its total market value. The Fund is passively managed. It invests primarily in the stocks that make up the S&P MidCap 400 Index so that the weighting of each stock in the portfolio approximates the index. Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund, seeks to maintain a return correlation of at least 0.95 to the S&P MidCap 400 Index (a return correlation of 1.00 is perfect). Under normal market conditions, it is the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in the underlying stocks of the index. The S&P MidCap 400 Index is a recognized stock market index that includes common stocks of companies, representing approximately 5.4% of the total market index as measured by the S&P Composite 1500. As of November 30, 2021, companies included in the S&P MidCap 400 Index range from $1.7 billion to $31.3 billion in market capitalization. The median market capitalization of the stocks in the S&P MidCap 400 Index is approximately $5.5 billion. The Fund may invest in futures contracts. The Fund generally maintains some short-term securities and cash equivalents in the portfolio to meet redemptions and needs for liquidity. Shelton will typically buy futures contracts so that the market value of the futures replicates the difference between the net assets of the fund and the equity holdings. This helps minimize the tracking error of the Fund. This performance variation occurs because, unlike the index, the Fund must pay operating expenses and contend with the flow of cash in and out of the portfolio. While Shelton Capital Management expects the Fund’s performance to closely represent the index, the Fund will generally underperform the index.

The Fund invests in mid-sized companies from many sectors. In doing so, the Fund is not as sensitive to the movements of a single company’s stock or a single economic sector. However, during periods where investment alternatives such as LargeCap stocks, SmallCap stocks, bonds and money market instruments outperform MidCap stocks, we expect the performance of the Fund to underperform other mutual funds that invest in these alternatives. The S&P MidCap 400 Index is a capitalization-weighted index, meaning companies are weighted based on their size. Thus, poor performance of the largest companies could result in negative performance of the index and the Fund.

S&P SmallCap Index Fund – The S&P SmallCap Index Fund’s investment objective is to attempt to replicate the performance of small-sized U.S. companies as measured by the S&P SmallCap 600 Stock Index.

The S&P SmallCap Index Fund seeks to provide investment results that correspond to the total return of publicly traded common stocks of small-sized companies, as represented by the S&P SmallCap 600 Index. The S&P SmallCap 600 Index includes common stocks of 600 small U.S. companies from a broad range of industries. Standard & Poor’s, which maintains the index, makes all determinations regarding the inclusion of stocks in the index. Each stock is weighted in proportion to its total market value. The Fund is passively managed. It invests primarily in the stocks that make up the S&P SmallCap 600 Index so that the weighting of each stock in the portfolio approximates the index. Shelton Capital Management, the investment adviser to the Fund, seeks to maintain a return correlation of at least 0.95 to the S&P SmallCap 600 Index (a return correlation of 1.00 is perfect). Under normal market conditions, it is the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in the underlying stocks. The S&P SmallCap 600 Index is a well-known stock market index that includes common stocks of companies representing approximately 2.4% of the total market index as measured by the S&P Composite 1500. As of November 30, 2021, companies included in the S&P SmallCap 600 Index range from $225.4 million to $8.5 billion in market capitalization. The median market capitalization of the stocks in the S&P SmallCap 600 Index is approximately $1.6 billion. The Fund may invest in futures contracts. The Fund generally maintains some short-term securities and cash equivalents in the portfolio to meet redemptions and needs for liquidity. Shelton will typically buy futures contracts so that the market value of the futures replicates the difference between the net assets of the fund and the equity holdings. This helps minimize the tracking error of the Fund. This performance variation occurs because, unlike the index, the Fund must pay operating expenses and contend with the flow of cash in and out of the portfolio. While Shelton Capital Management expects the Fund’s performance to closely represent the index, the Fund will generally underperform the index.

The Fund invests in relatively smaller companies from many sectors. In doing so, the Fund is not as sensitive to the movements of a single company’s stock or a single economic sector. However, during periods where investment alternatives such as LargeCap stocks, SmallCap stocks, bonds and money market instruments outperform SmallCap stocks, we expect the performance of the Fund to underperform other mutual funds that invest in these alternatives. The S&P SmallCap 600 Index is a capitalization-weighted index, meaning companies are weighted based on their size. Thus, poor performance of the largest companies could result in negative performance of the index and the Fund.

Shelton Equity Income Fund – The Shelton Equity Income Fund’s investment objective is to achieve a high level of income and capital appreciation (when consistent with high income) by investing primarily in income-producing U.S. equity securities.

Shelton Equity Income Fund seeks a high level of current income by investing primarily in income-producing equity securities. The Fund will also consider the potential for price appreciation when consistent with seeking current income. In order to meet its investment objectives, the Fund invests primarily in U.S. equity securities that generate a relatively high level of dividend income (relative to other equities in the same

24

industry) and have the potential for capital appreciation. These securities will generally be stocks of medium and large U.S. corporations. It is the Fund’s policy that, under normal market conditions, it will invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in common stocks. The Fund’s policy of investing in common stocks may not be changed unless Fund shareholders are given at least 60 days prior notice. Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund “Shelton”, seeks to purchase equity securities for the Fund’s portfolio consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, such as when Shelton Capital Management believes such securities have income producing potential, a potential for capital appreciation or value potential.

The Fund seeks to deliver capital appreciation and an enhanced cash flow through writing covered calls and/or selling cash secured puts on portfolio positions, thereby enhancing the distribution rates to shareholders. The strategy is used to either reduce overall volatility or add incremental cash flow. The covered calls are strategically sold to generate option premium cash flow in addition to the portfolio’s dividends. A cash secured put involves selling put options and simultaneously setting aside enough cash or margin to buy the stock if an assignment occurs. The Fund may also buy protective puts. A protective put is a risk-management strategy where a put or puts are purchased against a long stock or other long portfolio position. The objective of buying puts is to reduce the directional risk and exposure of the individual portfolio while allowing for upside gains if the stock or portfolio continues to increase in value.

When the market price of a stock equals or exceeds the strike price of a covered call option written against it, Shelton Capital Management may allow all or a portion of the stock to be sold or “called away” by the option buyer. Shelton Capital Management may sell portfolio securities for a variety of reasons, including when it believes that securities are no longer consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, other securities appear to offer more compelling opportunities, or to meet redemption requests. Although the Fund will attempt to invest as much of its assets as is practical in income-producing stocks, the Fund may maintain a reasonable (up to 20%) position in cash, U.S. Treasury bills or money market instruments to meet redemption requests and other liquidity needs. The Fund may invest in stock futures contracts to keep the net assets of the Fund fully invested in the equity markets in circumstances when the Fund is holding treasury bills, money market instruments, similar investments or cash in the portfolio. Utilizing futures allows the Fund to maintain a high percentage of the portfolio in the market while maintaining cash for liquidity needs.

The Fund’s option strategy may limit the upside performance of any position for which a call is sold and may increase costs when puts are purchased. When selling a call, the Fund is effectively selling upside stock performance in exchange for immediate cash flow. In markets where a stock position goes up dramatically, this could cause the Fund to under-perform its benchmark and the equity markets in general. When buying a put, the Fund is spending a premium to protect the downward movement of the value of a position in the Fund’s portfolio. In the event the value of the position went up during the life of the put option, the option would expire without value and the Fund will have lost the premium paid. The Fund may buy or sell options in an effort to generate additional cash flow above and beyond the dividends paid by the stocks or hedge the portfolio from potential losses. A call option is a right for the buyer to purchase the stock from the Fund at a predetermined price. When the Fund sells a call option, the Fund is paid cash and the buyer of the option may exercise the right to purchase the stock at a fixed price over the life of the option. The Fund may do this in order to generate additional cash flow for one or more positions in the portfolio beyond the current dividend yield. A put option is the right to sell a stock to the seller at a predetermined price. When the Fund buys a put option, it pays the seller for the write to sell a stock at a predetermined price. The Fund may do this in order to protect the value of one or more positions in the portfolio. While there is no assurance that a strategy will work as planned, option strategies used by the Fund will generally be used in an effort to reduce the risk exposure of the Fund’s portfolio. While there are several factors impacting option values, typically, the higher the share price relative to the strike price of the option and the longer the life of the option, the higher the call premium paid to the Fund.

Nasdaq-100 Index Fund – The Nasdaq-100 Index Fund’s investment objective is to attempt to replicate the performance of the largest non-financial companies as measured by the Nasdaq- 100 Index®.

The Nasdaq-100 Index® includes 100 of the largest domestic and international non-financial companies listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market based on market capitalization. Nasdaq, which maintains the index, makes all determinations regarding the inclusion of stocks in the index. Each stock is weighted in proportion to its total market value. The Fund is passively managed. It invests primarily in the stocks comprising the index so that the weighting of each stock in the portfolio approximates the index. Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund, seeks to maintain a return correlation of at least 0.95 to the Nasdaq-100 Index® (a return correlation of 1.00 is perfect). Under normal market conditions, it is the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in the stocks comprising the index. The Fund may invest in securities issued by other investment companies if those companies invest in securities consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies. Companies included in The Nasdaq-100 Index range from $15 billion to $2,413 billion in market capitalization as of November 30, 2021. The majority of portfolio transactions in the Fund (other than those made in response to shareholder activity) will be made to adjust the Fund’s portfolio to track the Index or to reflect occasional changes in the Index’s composition. The Fund may invest in futures contracts. The Fund generally maintains some short-term securities and cash equivalents in the portfolio to meet redemptions and needs for liquidity. Shelton Capital Management will typically buy futures contracts so that the market value of the futures replicates the difference between the net assets of the fund and the equity holdings. This helps minimize the tracking error of the Fund.

The Fund may become “non-diversified” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalizations or index weightings of one or more stocks in the Nasdaq-100 Index®. This means that the Fund may invest a greater portion of its assets in a limited number of issuers than would be the case if the Fund were always managed as a diversified management investment company. The Fund intends to be diversified in approximately the same proportion as the Nasdaq-100 Index®. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the Fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status due solely to a change in the relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the Nasdaq-100 Index®.

U.S. Government Securities Fund – The U.S. Government Securities Fund’s investment objective is to seek liquidity, safety from credit risk and as high a level of income as is consistent with these objectives.

The U.S Government Securities Fund seeks to invest in full faith and credit obligations of the U.S. government and its agencies or instrumentalities, primarily in U.S. Treasury securities and Government National Mortgage Association Certificates (“GNMA”). In order to meet its investment objective, the Fund invests primarily in high-quality bonds whose interest is guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States government and its agencies or instrumentalities. The government securities in which the Fund invests primarily include U.S. Treasury Securities

25

and may include Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) Certificates. Under normal market conditions, it is the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities.

The Fund invests in intermediate and long-term fixed income securities. While the Fund is not limited to any duration, Shelton Capital Management, the investment advisor to the Fund, generally seeks to target the Fund’s dollar-weighted average portfolio duration in a range between three to twelve years. Generally, Shelton Capital Management seeks a balance between risk and return, for example in allocating investments between U.S. Treasury bonds and GNMA pass-through securities in an attempt to maximize the overall performance of the Fund. Shelton Capital Management generally will consider selling securities from the Fund’s portfolio when it believes that such securities are no longer consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, when altering the duration of the fund or the balance or investments among treasuries and GNMAs, to meet redemption requests and in other circumstances that Shelton Capital Management deems appropriate consistent with the Fund’s investment objective. In managing the portfolio, a number of factors are considered including general market and economic conditions and their likely effects on the level and term-structure of interest rates, yield spreads, and mortgage prepayment rates on GNMA pass-through securities. While income is the most important part of return over time, the total return for a bond fund includes both income and price losses and gains.

The United States Treasury Trust – The United States Treasury Trust’s investment objective is to seek high current income exempt from state income taxes while maintaining a stable net asset value of $1.00 per share.

The Fund primarily invests its assets in cash, repurchase agreements and government securities with interest guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States government. The Fund buys securities that have a maturity of less than 397 days, so that the Fund’s weighted average maturity does not exceed the Rule 2a-7 requirements under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, currently 60 days. It is the Fund’s policy to invest at least 99.5% of its total assets in cash, government securities, and/or repurchase agreements collateralized by cash or government securities and in compliance with industry-standard regulatory requirements for money market funds for quality, maturity, and diversification. You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. The Fund may impose a fee upon the sale of your shares or may temporarily suspend your ability to sell shares if the Fund’s liquidity falls below required minimums because of market conditions or other factors. An investment in the Fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The Fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the Fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time.

Shelton Green Alpha Fund – The Shelton Green Alpha Fund’s investment objective is to achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing in stocks in the green economy.

The Fund invests primarily in common stocks of companies that Green Alpha Advisors, the investment sub-adviser to the Fund, believes are leaders in managing environmental risks and opportunities, have above average growth potential and are reasonably valued. Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the Fund’s total assets (which includes the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) will be invested in U.S. common stocks and American Depository Receipts (“ADRs”). The Fund may invest in companies of all sizes and seeks diversification by economic sector and geography. The Fund generally intends to purchase securities for long-term investments rather than short-term gains. However, a security may be held for a shorter than expected period of time if, for example, Green Alpha Advisors needs to raise cash in the Fund or feels that it is appropriate to do so.

Green Alpha Advisors identifies a universe of green economy companies based on proprietary set of qualitative criteria. A “green economy” company is one which Green Alpha Advisors believes works to improve human well-being and increase economic efficiencies, while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities. Green economy companies provide products and services that help economies to adapt to, solve or mitigate the effects of key environmental and economic systemic risks, namely resource scarcity and climate change. Green Alpha Advisors maintains a proprietary list of at least 400 companies from multiple industries and economic sectors meeting Green Alpha Advisors’ qualitative criteria. This list is created after a review of a company’s business plan, activities and operating policies, as well as other qualitative criteria, including but not limited to, strength of management team, corporate governance practices, brand and product reputation, competitive positioning, industry growth probabilities, market size analysis, assessment of barriers to entry, assessment of aggregate sustainability risks and defensible patents and intellectual property. Stocks to be purchased by the fund are selected from this green economy universe by the Sub-Advisor using quantitative and qualitative analyses. Green Alpha Advisors employs both qualitative and quantitative fundamental analysis designed to evaluate each company’s financial condition and relative industry position, as well as qualitative criteria derived from macro-economics. Quantitative analysis refers to a mathematical review of the companies’ operating performance and characteristics related to its investment attractiveness, while qualitative analysis refers to Green Alpha Advisors’ judgment when evaluating the green economy and sustainability characteristics as related to the future prospects of a company.

Green Alpha Advisors seeks to purchase equity securities for the Fund’s portfolio consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives. Green Alpha Advisors generally will consider selling equity securities from the Fund’s portfolio when it believes such securities are no longer consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives or desired valuation metrics, other securities appear to offer more compelling opportunities, to meet redemption requests and in other circumstances Green Alpha Advisors deems consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives.

Although the Fund will attempt to invest as much of its assets as is practical in common stocks, the Fund may maintain a reasonable (up to 20%) position in in U.S. Treasury Bills and money market instruments to meet redemption requests and other liquidity needs.

The Fund may invest in stock futures contracts when holding cash or cash equivalents to keep the Fund more fully exposed to the equity markets. Utilizing futures allows the Fund to maintain a high percentage of the portfolio in the market while maintaining cash for short-term liquidity needs and other purposes. The Fund may also invest in exchange traded funds (“ETFs”) futures contracts, options and options on futures contracts and real estate investment trusts as a substitute for purchasing securities to gain exposure to sectors of the market, depository receipts and participation notes.

26

Investment Risks

Investors should recognize that investing in securities presents certain risks that cannot be avoided. There is no assurance that the investment objectives of any Fund will be achieved. The following table summarizes some of the principal and non-principal risks involved in investing in each of the Funds and highlights certain differences and similarities among the Funds in their exposure to various types of risks. The table below is not a complete list of every risk involved in investing in the Funds and a Fund may have exposure to a risk factor even if it is not marked below. Investing in securities creates indirect exposure to the various business risks to which their issuers are subject, which may include sector-, industry-, or region-specific risks. There is more information about these and other risks in the Statement of Additional Information (SAI).

Risk

Green
California
Tax-Free
Income
Fund

S&P
500
Index
Fund

S&P
MidCap
Index
Fund

S&P
SmallCap
Index
Fund

Shelton
Equity
Income
Fund

Nasdaq-
100
Index
Fund

U.S.
Government
Securities
Fund

The
United
States
Treasury
Trust

Shelton
Green
Alpha
Fund

Bankruptcy Risk

X

X

X

X

X

X

NA

NA

X

Call Risk

X

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

NA

NA

Concentration Risk

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

NA

NA

X

COVID-19 Risks

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Credit Risk

X

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

Cybersecurity Risk

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Derivatives Risk

NA

X

X

X

X

X

NA

NA

X

Economic and Political Risks

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Environmental Investing Risk

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

Equity Risk

NA

X

X

X

X

X

NA

NA

X

ESG Risk

X

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

Income Risk

X

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

X

NA

Interest Rate Risk

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

NA

Liquidity Risk

X

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

Manager Risk

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Market Exposure Risk

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

MidCap Stock Risk

NA

NA

X

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

Non-Diversification Risk

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

NA

NA

NA

Non-U.S. Currency Risk

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

Non-U.S. Investment Risk

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

Option Call and Put Risk

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

NA

NA

NA

NA

Portfolio Turnover

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Prepayment Risk

X

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

NA

NA

Risk of Investing in Other Investment Companies

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

NA

X

Regulatory Risk

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Sector Risks

NA

NA

NA

X

X

NA

NA

NA

X

SmallCap Stock Risk

NA

NA

NA

X

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

State-Specific Risk

X

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

Stock Futures Risk

NA

X

X

X

X

X

X

NA

X

Temporary Defensive Positions

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

U.S. Government Securities Risk

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

X

NA

US Municipal Bond Risk

X

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

Valuation Risk

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Value Securities Risks

NA

NA

NA

NA

X

NA

NA

NA

X

NA: Not Applicable

Bankruptcy Risk. The risk that an issuer seeks protection under bankruptcy laws. In such a circumstance, the principal value of the bond would be expected to decline. If a bond held by a Fund is issued by a municipality that experiences significant financial difficulty that can potentially lead to bankruptcy or default, the Fund would be expected to lose value.

Call Risk. Issuers of callable bonds are permitted to redeem them before their full maturities. Buying a callable bond exposes a Fund to economic risks similar to selling call options. Issuers may call outstanding securities before their maturity for a number of reasons, including decreases in prevailing interest rates or improvements to the issuer’s credit profile. If an issuer calls a security in which a Fund is invested, that Fund could lose potential price appreciation and be forced to reinvest the proceeds in securities that bear a lower interest rate or more credit risk.

Concentration Risk. If holdings of a Fund are concentrated into a few companies or economic sectors, the fund may be more volatile than a more diversified Fund and in the event that the holdings perform poorly, the Fund may under-perform other investments that are more diversified.

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With respect to the Nasdaq-100 Index Fund, the Nasdaq-100 Index is subject to concentration risk. First, it is a modified-capitalization weighted index, meaning that except for some modifications, companies are weighted based on their size. Thus, the poor performance of the largest companies within the index could result in the negative performance of the index and the Fund. Additionally, the significant concentration of technology stocks makes the Fund’s performance particularly sensitive to this specific sector. Negative performance in the information technology sector may result in negative Fund performance. With respect to the Green Alpha Fund, the significant concentration of green economy companies makes the Fund’s performance particularly sensitive to this specific sector. Negative performance in the green economy sector may result in negative Fund performance. Additionally, the significant concentration of consumer, non-cyclical stocks makes the Fund’s performance particularly sensitive to this specific sector. Negative performance in the consumer, non-cyclical sector may result in negative Fund performance.

COVID-19 Risks. An outbreak of respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus was first detected in December 2019 and has now spread internationally. This coronavirus has resulted in closing borders, enhanced health screenings, partial population vaccination, healthcare service preparation and delivery, quarantines, cancellations, disruptions to supply chains and customer activity, government sponsored fiscal stimulus programs, various moratoria on the applicability of certain laws and regulations, as well as general concern and uncertainty. The impact of COVID-19, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.

Credit Risk. The value of a debt security may decline if the market believes it is less likely that the issuer will make all payments of interest and principal as required. This could occur because of actual or perceived deterioration in the issuer’s or a guarantor’s financial condition, or in the case of asset-backed securities, the likelihood that the loans backing a security will be repaid in full. A Fund could lose money if the issuer or guarantor of a debt security becomes bankrupt or subject to a special resolution regime, or is otherwise unable or unwilling to make timely interest and/or principal payments, or honor its obligations. Securities are subject to varying degrees of credit risk, which may be reflected by their ratings; however, such ratings may overestimate or underestimate the likelihood of default and may not accurately reflect the true credit risk of a security. The credit risk associated with corporate debt securities may change as the result of an event such as a large dividend payment, leveraged buyout, debt restructuring, merger, or recapitalization; such events are unpredictable and may benefit shareholders or new creditors at the expense of existing debt holders. Credit risk is likely to increase during periods of economic uncertainty or downturns. Credit risk associated with non-U.S. dollar denominated securities may increase if the value of an issuer’s home currency declines relative to the U.S. dollar. If a debt security owned by a Fund ceases to be rated or is downgraded below a permitted threshold, the Fund may (but is not required to) sell the security.

Cybersecurity Risk. Cybersecurity incidents may allow an unauthorized party to gain access to Fund assets, customer data (including private shareholder information), or proprietary information, or cause the Fund, the Advisor, and/or other service providers (including custodians, sub-custodians, transfer agents and financial intermediaries) to suffer data breaches, data corruption or loss of operational functionality. In an extreme case, a shareholder’s ability to exchange or redeem Fund shares may be affected.

Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments, including futures contracts, the values of which are based on the value of one or more underlying assets, such as stocks, bonds, currencies, interest rates, and market indexes. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the underlying assets and other more traditional investments. The market value of derivatives may be more volatile than that of other investments and can be affected by changes in interest rate or other market developments. The use of derivatives may accelerate the velocity of possible losses. Each type of derivative instrument may have its own special risks, including the risk of mispricing or improper valuation and the possibility that a derivative may not correlate perfectly or as expected with its underlying asset, rate, or index. Derivatives create leverage because the upfront payment required to enter into a derivative is often much smaller than the potential for loss (which may in theory be unlimited). A derivative may be subject to liquidity risk, especially during times of financial market distress; certain types of derivatives may be terminated or modified only with the consent of their counterparties. The use of derivatives may cause a Fund’s investment returns to be impacted by the performance of securities the Fund does not own. Derivatives are specialized instruments that may require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks and bonds. Although the use of derivatives is intended to enhance a Fund’s performance, it may instead reduce returns and increase volatility, or have a different effect than anticipated, especially in unusual or extreme market conditions. Suitable derivatives transactions may not be available in all circumstances and there can be no assurance that a particular derivative position will be available or used by a Fund or that, if used, such strategies will be successful. Regulations may require a Fund to segregate certain of its assets or buy or sell a security at a disadvantageous time or price to maintain offsetting positions or asset coverage in connection with certain derivatives transactions. Use of derivatives may increase the amount and change the timing of taxes payable by shareholders.

Economic and Political Risks. These risks may be short-term by causing a change in the market that is corrected in a year or less, or they may have long-term impacts which may cause changes in the market that last for many years. Some factors may affect one sector of the economy or a single stock, but may not have a significant impact on the overall market.

Environmental Investing Risk. The Fund’s environmental criteria limit the available investments compared with funds with no such criteria. Under certain economic conditions, this could cause the Fund’s investment performance to be worse or better than similar funds with no such criteria.

Equity Risk. Equity securities represent an ownership interest in an issuer rather than a right to receive a specified future payment. This makes equity securities more sensitive than debt securities to changes in an issuer’s earnings and overall financial condition; as a result, equity securities are generally more volatile than debt securities. Equity securities may lose value as a result of changes relating to the issuers of those securities, such as management performance, financial leverage, or changes in the actual or anticipated earnings of a company, or as a result of actual or perceived market conditions that are not specific to an issuer. Even when the securities markets are generally performing strongly, there can be no assurance that equity securities held by a Fund will increase in value. Because the rights of all of a company’s creditors are senior to those of holders of equity securities, shareholders are least likely to receive any value if an issuer files for bankruptcy. Investments in equity securities may create indirect exposure to interest rate, credit, and currency risk. Securities of non-U.S. issuers are exposed to currency

28

risk, even if they are denominated in U.S. dollars. Debt and equity investments in commodity-related issuers create exposure to commodity risks, which may include unpredictable changes in value, supply and demand, and government regulation.

ESG Risk. The Fund’s consideration of ESG factors as part of its investment strategy may limit the types and number of investment opportunities available to the Fund and, as a result, the Fund may underperform other funds that do not consider ESG factors. The Fund’s consideration of ESG factors may result in the Fund investing in securities or industry sectors that underperform the market as a whole, or forgoing opportunities to invest in securities that might otherwise be advantageous to buy. The Fund may also underperform other funds that apply different ESG standards.

Income Risk. The income you earn from a Fund may decline due to declining interest rates. This is because, in a falling interest rate environment, a Fund generally will have to invest the proceeds from sales of Fund shares, as well as the proceeds from maturing portfolio securities (or portfolio securities that have been called, see “Call Risk” above), into lower-yielding securities.

Interest Rate Risk. Debt securities that pay interest based on a fixed rate are subject to the risk that they will decline in value if interest rates rise. Interest rate changes may occur suddenly and unexpectedly, and may be caused by a wide variety of factors including central bank monetary policy, inflation rates, and general economic conditions. A Fund may lose money as a result of such movements. The longer the remaining maturity of a debt security, the more its value is likely to be affected by changes in interest rates. Debt securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates, usually making them more volatile than securities with shorter durations. The values of equity and other non-debt securities may also decline due to fluctuations in interest rates. A Fund may choose not to or be unable to hedge itself fully against changes in interest rates. If a Fund uses derivatives to hedge against changes in interest rates, those hedges may not work as intended and may decrease in value if interest rates move differently than anticipated. Interest rates are currently at or near historic lows in many developed countries, including the United States, which increases the risk that interest rates will rise. In the United States, the Federal Reserve Board has already begun, and may continue, to raise interest rates. Non-fixed rate instruments (i.e., variable and floating rate securities) generally are less sensitive to interest rate changes but may decline in value if their interest rates do not rise as much or as quickly as interest rates in general. Conversely, non-fixed-rate instruments will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. If a Fund holds variable or floating rate securities, a decrease in market interest rates may adversely affect the income received from such securities.

Liquidity Risk. Liquidity risk is the risk that a Fund may not be able to buy or sell an investment at an advantageous time or price, which could force a Fund to hold a security that is declining in value or forego other investment opportunities. An illiquid instrument is harder to value because there may be little or no market data available based on purchases or sales of the instrument. Liquidity risk may result from the lack of an active market or a reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities. A Fund may also experience liquidity risk to the extent it invests in private placement securities, securities of issuers with smaller market capitalizations, or securities with substantial market and/or credit risk. The liquidity of an issuer’s securities may decrease if its credit rating falls, it experiences sudden unexpected cash outflows, or some other event causes counterparties to avoid trading with or lending to the issuer. Liquidity risk is greater for below investment grade securities and restricted securities, especially in difficult market conditions. Over the past three decades, bond markets have grown more quickly than dealer capacity to engage in fixed income trading. In addition, recent regulatory changes applicable to financial intermediaries that make markets in debt securities have restricted or made it less desirable for those financial intermediaries to hold large inventories of less liquid debt securities. Because market makers provide stability to a market through their intermediary services, a reduction in dealer inventory may lead to decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed income markets. Additional legislative or regulatory actions to address perceived liquidity or other issues in the debt securities markets could alter or impair a Fund’s ability to pursue its investment objectives or use certain investment strategies and techniques. Liquidity risk may intensify during periods of economic uncertainty. Debt securities with longer durations may face heightened liquidity risk. Unusually high redemption requests or other unusual market conditions may make it difficult for a Fund to honor redemption requests within the permitted period. Meeting such requests could require a Fund to sell securities at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions. Other market participants may be attempting to liquidate holdings at the same time as a Fund, which could increase supply in the market and contribute to liquidity risk.

Manager Risk. Shelton Capital Management, the investment adviser to each Fund, or in the case of the Shelton Green Alpha Fund, Green Alpha Advisors, the investment sub-adviser to the Shelton Green Alpha Fund’s opinion about the intrinsic worth or creditworthiness of a company, security, or other investment may be incorrect or the market may continue to undervalue the company, security, or other investment; Shelton Capital Management, or Green Alpha Advisors, as applicable may not make timely purchases or sales of securities for a Fund; and a Fund’s investment objective may not be achieved. The Funds are subject to various operational risks, including risks associated with the calculation of net asset value. In particular, errors or systems failures and other technological issues may adversely impact a Fund’s calculation of its net asset value, and such net asset value calculation issues could result in inaccurately calculated net asset values, delays in net asset value calculation and/or the inability to calculate net asset value for some period. The Funds may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.

Market Exposure Risk. The market price of a security or other investment may increase or decrease, sometimes suddenly and unpredictably. Investments may decline in value because of factors affecting markets generally, such as real or perceived challenges to the economy, national or international political events, natural disasters, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issue, changes in interest or currency rates, adverse changes to credit markets, or general adverse investment sentiment. The prices of investments may reflect factors affecting one or more industries, such as the price of specific commodities or consumer trends, or factors affecting particular issuers. During a general downturn in the markets, multiple asset classes may decline in value simultaneously. Market disruptions may prevent a Fund from implementing investment decisions in a timely manner. Fluctuations in the value of the Fund’s investments will cause that Fund’s share price to fluctuate. An investment in a Fund, therefore, may be more suitable for long-term investors who can bear the risk of short- and long-term fluctuations in a Fund’s share price. In the case of a Fund designed to track passively the performance of the associated index, the Fund does not intend to take steps to reduce its market exposure in any market.

MidCap Stock Risk. The risk that stocks of relatively smaller capitalization within the midcap range of companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Relatively smaller capitalization companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, or may be dependent upon a small or inexperienced management group, and their securities may trade less frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger companies, which could lead to higher transaction costs. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater the risk.

29

Non-Diversification Risk.To the extent the Fund is managed as a non-diversified investment company, it is subject to the greater risk that the value of a specific security can perform differently from the market as a whole for reasons related to the issuer, such as operational performance, financial leverage and investment- level performance. The value of the Fund may decrease in response to the activities and financial prospects of an individual security in the Fund’s portfolio. Additionally, the Fund may be subject to greater risk, because the Fund’s performance may be more sensitive to any single economic, business, political or regulatory occurrence than the value of shares of a diversified investment company.

Non-U.S. Currency Risk. Non-U.S. currencies may decline relative to the U.S. dollar and affect a Fund’s investments in non-U.S. currencies, in securities that are denominated in non-U.S. currencies, in securities of issuers that are exposed to non-U.S. currencies, or in derivatives that provide exposure to non-U.S. currencies. When a given currency depreciates against the U.S. dollar, the value of securities denominated in that currency typically declines. A U.S. dollar-denominated depositary receipt is exposed to currency risk if the security underlying it is denominated in a non-U.S. currency. Currency depreciation may affect the value of U.S. securities if their issuers have exposure to non-U.S. currencies and non-U.S. issuers may similarly be exposed to currencies other than those in which their securities are denominated and the country in which they are domiciled. Shelton Capital Management or in the case of the Shelton Green Alpha Fund, Green Alpha Advisors, may not be able to accurately estimate an issuer’s non-U.S. currency exposure.

Non-U.S. Investment Risk. Non-U.S. securities (including ADRs and other securities that represent interests in non-U.S. issuer’s securities) involve some special risks such as exposure to potentially adverse foreign political and economic developments; market instability; nationalization and exchange controls; potentially lower liquidity and higher volatility; possible problems arising from accounting, disclosure, settlement, and regulatory practices that differ from U.S. standards; foreign taxes that could reduce returns; higher transaction costs and foreign brokerage and custodian fees; inability to vote proxies, exercise shareholder or bondholder rights, pursue legal remedies, and obtain judgments with respect to foreign investments in foreign courts; possible insolvency of a sub-custodian or securities depository; and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates that decrease the investment’s value (although favorable changes can increase its value). Non-U.S. stock markets may decline due to conditions unique to an individual country or within a region, including unfavorable economic conditions relative to the United States or political and social instability or unrest. Non-U.S. investments may become subject to economic sanctions or other government restrictions by domestic or foreign regulators, which could negatively impact the value or liquidity of those investments. There may be increased risk of delayed settlement of portfolio transactions or loss of certificates of portfolio securities. Governments in certain foreign countries participate to a significant degree, through ownership or regulation, in their respective economies. Action by such a government could have a significant effect on the market price of securities issued in its country. These risks may be higher when investing in emerging market issuers. Certain of these risks also apply to securities of U.S. issuers with significant non-U.S. operations. Global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected, which increases the possibilities that conditions in one country or region may adversely affect issuers in a different country or region.

Option Call and Put Risk. The Fund’s option strategy may limit the upside performance of any position for which a call is sold and may increase costs when puts are purchased. When selling a call, the Fund is effectively selling upside stock performance in exchange for immediate cash flow. In markets where a stock position goes up dramatically, this could cause the Fund to under-perform its benchmark and the equity markets in general. When buying a put, the Fund is spending a premium to protect the downward movement of the value of a position in the Fund’s portfolio. In the event the value of the position went up during the life of the put option, the option would expire without value and the Fund will have lost the premium paid.

Portfolio Turnover. The Funds generally intend to purchase securities for long-term investments rather than short-term gains except for the United States Treasury Trust. However, a security may be held for a shorter than expected period of time if, among other things, Shelton needs to raise cash in the Fund or feels that it is appropriate to do so. Portfolio holdings may also be sold sooner than anticipated due to unexpected changes in the markets. Buying and selling securities may involve incurring some expense to a Fund, such as commissions paid to brokers and other transaction costs. By selling a security, a Fund may realize taxable capital gains that it will subsequently distribute to shareholders. Generally speaking, the higher a Fund’s annual portfolio turnover, the greater its brokerage costs and the greater likelihood that it will realize taxable capital gains. Increased brokerage costs may affect a Fund’s performance. Also, unless you are a tax-exempt investor, or you purchase shares through a tax-advantaged account, the distributions of capital gains may affect your after- tax return. For some Funds, annual portfolio turnover of 100% or more is considered high.

Prepayment Risk. The risk that declining interest rates may cause borrowers to prepay mortgages and debt obligations underlying the securities owned by a Fund. The proceeds received by a Fund from prepayments will likely be reinvested at interest rates lower than the original investment, thus resulting in a reduction of income to a Fund. Likewise, rising interest rates could reduce prepayments and extend the life of securities with lower interest rates, which may increase the sensitivity of a Fund’s value to rising interest rates.

Regulatory Risk. New laws and regulations promulgated by governments and regulatory authorities may affect the value of securities issued by specific companies, in specific industries or sectors, or in all securities issued in the affected country. In times of political or economic stress or market turmoil, governments and regulators may intervene directly in markets and take actions that may adversely affect certain industries, securities, or specific companies. Government and/or regulatory intervention may reduce the value of debt and equity securities issued by affected companies and may also severely limit a Fund’s ability to trade those securities.

Risk of Investing in Other Investment Companies. Each Fund may invest in unaffiliated investment companies as permitted under Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act. Investing in other investment companies involves substantially the same risks as investing directly in the underlying securities, but may involve additional expenses at the investment company level. To the extent a Fund invests in other investment companies, the Fund’s shareholders will incur certain duplicative fees and expenses, including investment advisory fees. The return on such investment will be reduced by the operating expenses including investment advisory and administration fees, of such investment funds, and will be further reduced by Fund expenses, including management fees; that is, there will be a layering of certain expenses. Investments in investment companies also may involve the payment of substantial premiums above the value of such companies’ portfolio securities.

Each Fund may invest cash holdings in affiliated or non-affiliated money market funds as permitted under Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated under that section. In addition, a Fund may invest in other investment companies that invest in a manner consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and strategies, including the use of ETFs. Some ETFs have obtained exemptive orders permitting other investment companies to acquire their securities in excess of the limits of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act.

Sector Risks. The Fund is primarily invested in U.S. value stocks and is designed to provide a dividend yield as well as the potential for capital appreciation. At times, the Fund may hold a concentrated position in the banking and financial sector. Therefore, the Fund’s performance may be significantly impacted by the performance of this sector.

SmallCap Stock Risk. The risk that stocks of smaller capitalization companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Small capitalization companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, or may

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be dependent upon a small or inexperienced management group, and their securities may trade less frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger companies, which could lead to higher transaction costs. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater the risk.

State-Specific Risk. When a Fund only invests in issuers of a single state, it is exposed to economic and political developments specific to that single state that might negatively impact the issuers. It also lacks the geographic diversification that a fund would have if it were to invest in multiple states’ securities. It is common that geographical regions suffer from regional economic downturns and that these downturns may affect the credit ratings and values of issuers from that region.

Stock Futures Risk. Losses involving futures can sometimes be substantial in part because a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in an immediate and substantial loss for the Fund. In an effort to minimize this risk, the Fund will not use futures for speculative purposes or as leverage. The funds are not allowed to be leveraged, so the total value of a fund’s futures position will be less than the value of un-invested assets of the fund. Additionally, the fund does not typically purchase futures if the position after the purchase exceeds 5%. The value of all futures and options contracts in which the Fund acquires an interest will not exceed 20% of current total assets.

Temporary Defensive Positions. In certain market conditions, some or all of a of a Fund’s securities may be sold and the proceeds retained as cash, or temporarily invested in U.S. government securities or money market instruments, if the Fund’s investment manager believes it is in the best interest of shareholders to do so. As of the date of this Prospectus, this has never happened; but if it were to occur, the investment goals of the relevant Funds might not be achieved.

U.S. Government Securities Risk. The U.S. Government agency securities in which the Fund usually invests include securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”). Securities issued by Ginnie Mae are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. Other U.S. Government securities are supported only by the credit of the issuer or instrumentality. There is a risk that the U.S. government will not provide financial support to U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so by law.

U.S. Municipal Bond Risk. Like other bonds, U.S. municipal bonds are subject to credit risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, and call risk. However, the obligations of some municipal issuers may not be enforceable through the exercise of traditional creditors’ rights. The reorganization under federal bankruptcy laws of a municipal bond issuer may result in the bonds being cancelled without payment or repaid only in part, or in delays in collecting principal and interest. In the event of a default in the payment of interest and/or repayment of principal, a Fund may enforce its rights by taking possession of, and managing, the assets securing the issuer’s obligations on such securities. These actions may increase a Fund’s operating expenses. In addition, lawmakers may seek to extend the time for payment of principal or interest, or both, or to impose other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations. State or federal regulation with respect to a specific sector could impact the revenue stream for a given subset of the market. U.S. municipal bonds may be less liquid than other types of bonds, and there may be less publicly available information about the financial condition of municipal issuers than for issuers of other securities. Therefore, the investment performance of a Fund investing in U.S. municipal bonds may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of Shelton Capital Management than if the Fund held other types of investments, such as stocks or other types of bonds. The market for U.S. municipal bonds also tends to be less well-developed or liquid than many other securities markets, which may adversely affect a Fund’s ability to value U.S. municipal bonds or sell such bonds at attractive prices. Some U.S. municipal bonds are tax-exempt, which means that income from those bonds is non-taxable. A significant restructuring of U.S. federal income tax rates or even serious discussion on the topic in Congress could cause municipal bond prices to fall. The demand for tax-exempt municipal bonds is strongly influenced by the value of tax-exempt income to investors. Lower income tax rates could reduce the advantage of owning tax-exempt municipal bonds. In the case of a default enforcement action where a Fund gains ownership of an income producing asset, any income derived from the Fund’s ownership or operation of such an asset may not be tax-exempt.

Valuation Risk. Some or all of the securities held by a Fund may be valued using “fair value” techniques, rather than market quotations, under the circumstances described in this Prospectus under “How Fund Shares are Priced.” Security values may differ depending on the methodology used to determine their values, and may differ from the last quoted sales or closing prices. No assurance can be given that the use of these fair value procedures will always best represent the price at which a Fund could sell the affected portfolio security or result in a more accurate net asset value per share of a Fund.

Value Securities Risks. Value stocks are typically purchased at prices that appear to be low relative to other similar securities. Often these companies might be “out of favor” with the market as a whole because of business weakness or failures. Value stocks may fall out of favor with investors and underperform other asset types during any given period. A company may never achieve a normalization of the stock price that the Adviser anticipates.

Fund Organization and Management

Shelton Funds. Shelton Funds, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”), is a family of 9 no-load mutual funds, each of which is described in this combined prospectus. The Board of Trustees (the “Board” or the “Trustees”), consisting of four individuals, has primary responsibility for the oversight of the management of each Fund for the benefit of its shareholders, not day-to-day management. The Board authorizes the Trust to enter into service agreements with Shelton Capital Management and other service providers to provide necessary or desirable services on behalf of the Trust and the Funds. Shareholders are not parties to or third-party beneficiaries of such service agreements.

Shelton Capital Management. The investment advisor for the Funds is Shelton Capital Management, 1875 Lawrence Street, Suite 300, Denver, CO 80202. Shelton manages $3.9 billion of assets as of November 30, 2021. Shelton has been managing mutual funds since 1985. Shelton is responsible for managing the Funds and handling the administrative requirements of the Funds. As compensation for managing the portfolios, Shelton receives a management fee from each Fund. For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021, the fees, net of reimbursements, were 0.50% for the Green California Tax-Free Income Fund; 0.25% for the S&P 500 Index Fund; 0.40% for the S&P MidCap Index Fund; 0.50% for the S&P SmallCap Index Fund; 0.50% for the Shelton Equity Income Fund; 0.25% for the U.S. Government Securities Fund; 0% for The United States Treasury Trust; 0.37% for the Nasdaq-100 Index Fund; and 1.00% for the Green Alpha Fund. Shelton Capital has contractually delegated the day-to-day portfolio management responsibilities of the Shelton Green Alpha Fund to Green Alpha Advisors, LLC (the “Sub-Adviser”). A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the investment advisory agreements for each Fund (and the sub-advisory agreement in respect of the Green Alpha Fund) is available in the Fund’s semi-annual report for the period year ended February 28, 2021.

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David Falk has been a portfolio manager of the Green California Tax-Free Income Fund since February 4, 2019. Mr. Falk joined Shelton Capital Management on January 25, 2019. He has over 37 years of fixed income experience, with an emphasis on municipal bonds and structured finance. Prior to joining Shelton Capital Management, he was a member of the portfolio management team at Cedar Ridge Partners, LLC since 2009, and prior to that served as an investment banker, research analyst and trader specializing in municipal bonds at firms including Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. and Lazard Frères & Co. He holds a Master of Regional Planning degree from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and received a B.A. (Economics and Urban Studies) from Northwestern University.

Nick Griebenow, CFA, has been a portfolio manager for Shelton Capital Management’s Equity Income Fund since 2019. Mr. Griebenow has over 8 years of options and derivatives trading experience, including at Charles Schwab. Mr. Griebenow holds a B.A. (Economics) from Colorado State University.

Anthony Jacoby, CFA, has been a portfolio manager for the S&P 500 Index Fund, S&P MidCap Index Fund, S&P SmallCap Index Fund and Nasdaq-100 Index Fund since January 1, 2022. Mr. Jacoby joined Shelton in 2017 and previously worked at Brown Brothers Harriman since 2013. Mr. Jacoby graduated from the University of Colorado Boulder in 2008 with a B.A in Economics.

William Mock has served as the lead portfolio manager for the U.S. Government Securities Fund, Green California Tax-Free Income Fund and United States Treasury Trust since 2010. Mr. Mock is a member of the team managing the Shelton Tactical Credit Fund, a separate trust advised by Shelton Capital Management. From 2003 to 2010, Mr. Mock worked as a portfolio manager for Shelton and for a period as the head trader for TKI Capital Management. Mr. Mock earned a BS in engineering from Kansas State University and is an honors graduate of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business MBA Program, with an emphasis in finance.

Barry Martin manages various option strategies for accounts at Shelton, and is the lead portfolio manager on the team of managing the Equity Income Fund. Mr. Martin joined Shelton as a portfolio manager in Shelton’s separate account management group in 2008 and has been managing options strategies for 18 years. Mr. Martin is a member of the San Francisco Society of Financial Analysts and earned the right to use the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation in September of 2009. Mr. Martin graduated from the University of Arizona in 1998 with a Bachelor’s degree in Finance.

Stephen C. Rogers has been the portfolio manager for the S&P 500 Index Fund, S&P MidCap Index Fund, S&P SmallCap Index Fund, Nasdaq-100 Index Fund and the Shelton Equity Income Fund since 2003. Mr. Rogers is a member of the portfolio management team for the Green California Tax-Free Income Fund, U.S. Government Securities Fund, and U.S. Treasury Trust Fund. He joined Shelton in 1993 and serves as Chief Executive Officer of Shelton. Mr. Rogers graduated from the University of Iowa in 1988 and earned his MBA from the University of California at Berkeley in 2000.

Green Alpha Advisors (Sub-Advisor). Green Alpha Advisors, LLC, located at 287 Century Circle, Suite 201, Louisville, CO 80227, serves as investment sub-advisor to the Green Alpha Fund. Green Alpha manages approximately $847,594,608 million of assets as of November 30, 2021.

Garvin Jabusch has been the co-portfolio manager of the Shelton Green Alpha Fund since its inception on March 8, 2013. Mr. Jabusch co- founded Green Alpha Advisors in 2007 and he serves as the Chief Investment Officer of Green Alpha Advisors. Mr. Jabusch holds an MBA in international management and finance from the American Graduate School of International Management. Mr. Jabusch earned a BS in Anthropology from the University of Utah.

Jeremy Deems has been the co-portfolio manager of the Shelton Green Alpha Fund since its inception on March 8, 2013. Mr. Deems co- founded Green Alpha Advisors in 2007. Mr. Deems holds an MBA in Finance from Saint Mary’s College of California. Mr. Deems earned a BS in business administration, honors concentration in financial services and Minor in accounting from Saint Mary’s College of California. Mr. Deems was an active CPA and member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants from 2001 to 2016.

The SAI provides additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and the portfolio managers’ ownership of securities of the Funds.

How to Buy Shares

You may buy shares directly from RFS Partners, LP, an affiliate of Shelton Capital Management, the Funds’ distributor (The “Distributer”), or through third-party distributors, brokerage firms and retirement plans. If you invest through a third-party distributor, many of the policies, options and fees charged for the transaction may be different. You should contact them directly for information regarding how to invest or redeem through third-party distributors.

The following information is specific to buying directly from the Distributor.

Opening an Account. You can open an account online or by downloading an application from our website at www.sheltoncap.com and mailing the completed form to us. For questions, call us at (800) 955-9988.

You will find all the necessary application materials included in the packet accompanying this Prospectus. You may also open an account online by accessing our website at www.sheltoncap.com. Additional paperwork may be required for entity investors, including corporations, associations, and trusts, and for certain fiduciaries. The minimum initial investments and subsequent investments for each Fund are as follows:

 

Minimum Initial Investment

Minimum Subsequent Investment

Accounts with Automatic Investment Plan (“AIP”)

$500

$100

All other Funds’ accounts

$1,000

$100

The Distributor may change the minimum investment amounts at any time or waive them at its discretion. To protect against fraud, it is the policy of the Funds not to accept unknown third-party checks for the purposes of opening new accounts or purchasing additional shares. If you have any questions concerning the application materials, wire transfers, our yields and net asset values, or our investment policies and objectives, please call us toll-free at (800) 955-9988.

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Distribution and Shareholder Service (12b-1) Fees

Class K of the Funds pay RFS Partners the principal underwriter, a distribution and/or shareholder servicing (12b-1) fee. Because distribution and/or shareholder servicing (12b-1) fees are paid out of fund assets on an ongoing basis, 12b-1 fees will, over time, increase the cost of your investment in a fund and may cost you more than other types of sales charges.

These fees are computed as an annual percentage of the average daily net assets of each class of shares of a Fund, as follows:

 

Distribution Fee

Shareholder Servicing Fee

Class K Shares

0.25%

0.25%

How to Buy Shares – Initial Purchase

Make your check payable to the name of the Fund in which you are investing and mail it with the application to the transfer agent of the Funds, Gemini Fund Services, LLC, at the address indicated below. Please note the minimum initial investments previously listed.

Shelton Funds

C/O Gemini Fund Services, LLC

17605 Wright Street

Omaha, NE 68130

You may also forward your check (and application, for new accounts) to the Funds’ offices, which will in turn forward your check (and application, for new accounts) on your behalf to the Funds’ agent for processing. You will receive the share price next determined after your check has been received by the agent. Please note that this means that the shares will be purchased at the next calculated price after receipt by the agent, which is typically the next business day following receipt at the Funds’ offices. The Funds’ office is located at the following address:

Shelton Funds

1875 Lawrence Street, Suite 300

Denver, CO 80202

You also may buy shares of a Fund through selected securities brokers. Your broker is responsible for the transmission of your order to Gemini Fund Services, LLC, the Fund’s transfer agent, and may charge you a fee. You will generally receive the share price next determined after your order is placed with your broker, in accordance with your broker’s agreed upon procedures with the Funds. Your broker can advise you of specific details.

Purchasing by Exchange

You may purchase shares in a Fund by exchanging shares from an account in one of our other Funds, including other mutual funds managed by Shelton Capital Management which are not described in this Prospectus. Please see our website, call the number above, or consult your financial adviser or broker for more information. Such exchanges must meet the minimum amounts required for initial or subsequent investments. When opening an account by exchanging shares, your new account must be established with the same registration and an exchange authorization must be in effect. If you have an existing account with us and an exchange authorization in effect, call (800) 955- 9988 during normal business hours (8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Mountain Time, Monday-Thursday, 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., Friday) to exchange shares. You may also exchange shares by accessing our website at www.sheltoncap.com. You must complete the online access agreement in order to access your account online. Each exchange actually represents the sale of shares of one Fund and the purchase of shares in another, which may produce a capital gain or loss for tax purposes. All transactions are processed at the share price next calculated after receiving the instructions in good order (as described below), generally at the normally scheduled close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), typically 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time.

Wiring Instructions and Use of Checks

For wiring money to your account, you can obtain specific wire instructions by calling (800) 955-9988. In order to make your order effective, we must have your order in good form as described below. Please note a Fund and Shelton reserve the right to reject any purchase. Your purchase will be processed at the net asset value next calculated after your order has been received by the Fund’s agent. You will begin to earn dividends as of the first business day following the day of your purchase. All your purchases must be made in U.S. dollars, and checks must be drawn on banks located in the United States. We reserve the right to limit the number of investment checks processed at one time. If a check does not clear, we will cancel your purchase. You will be liable for any losses and fees incurred in connection with a check that does not clear for any reason, including insufficient funds. When you purchase by check, redemption proceeds will not be sent until we are satisfied that the investment has been collected (confirmation of clearance may take up to 15 days). Payments by check or other negotiable bank deposit will normally be effective within 2 business days for checks drawn on a member of the Federal Reserve System and longer for most other checks. You can wire federal funds from your bank or broker, which may charge you a fee. The Funds do not consider the U.S. Postal Service or other independent delivery services to be their agents. Therefore, deposit in the mail or with such delivery services does not constitute receipt by the Funds’ transfer agent or the Funds.

Purchasing Additional Shares

Make your check payable to the Fund in which you are investing, write your account number on the check, and mail your check with the deposit slip from your most recent statement to the address printed on your account statement. There is a $100 minimum for subsequent investments. After setting up your online account, you may obtain a history of transactions for your account(s) by accessing our website at www.sheltoncap.com.

Automatic Investment Plan

Using the Funds’ Automatic Investment Plan, or AIP, you may arrange to make additional purchases automatically by electronic funds transfer (“EFT”) from your checking or savings account. Your bank must be a member of the Automated Clearing House. You can terminate the program with ten days written notice. There is no fee to participate in this program, however, a service fee of $25.00 will be deducted from your account for any AIP purchase that does not clear due to insufficient funds, or if prior to notifying the Funds in writing or by telephone to

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terminate the plan, you close your bank account or take other action in any manner that prevents withdrawal of the funds from the designated checking or savings account. Investors may enroll on our website or by calling the Funds and obtaining a paper form. The share prices of the Funds are subject to fluctuations. Before undertaking any plan for systematic investment, you should keep in mind that such a program does not assure a profit or protect against a loss. We reserve the right to suspend the offering of shares of any of the Funds for a period of time and to reject any specific purchase order in whole or in part. The Funds do not send individual transaction confirmations to individuals participating in an automatic investment plan. You will receive a quarterly statement of all transactions occurring during the most recent calendar quarter.

How Fund Shares are Priced

The share price (net asset value per share or NAV) for a Fund is normally calculated as of the scheduled close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time, each day that the NYSE is open for business. The NAV is calculated by dividing Fund net assets (i.e. total assets minus total liabilities) by the number of shares outstanding. For purposes of determining the NAV, security transactions are normally recorded one business day after the trade date. If the NYSE is unexpectedly closed due to weather or other extenuating circumstances on a day it would normally be open for business, or if the NYSE has an unscheduled early closing, the Funds reserve the right to accept purchase and redemption orders and calculate their share price as of the normally scheduled close of regular trading on the NYSE for that day. If a Fund’s authorized agent receives your request in good order (as described below) before the time as of which a Fund prices its shares (generally the normally scheduled close of trading on the NYSE, at 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time), your transactions will be priced at that day’s NAV. If your request is received after such time, it will be priced at the next business day’s NAV. A Fund cannot accept orders that request a particular day or price for your transaction or any other special conditions. The time at which transactions and shares are priced and the time until which orders are accepted may be changed in case of an emergency or if the NYSE closes at a time other than 4:00 p.m. ET. Some securities may be listed on foreign exchanges that are open on days (such as U.S. holidays) when the Funds do not calculate their NAVs. This could cause the value of a Fund’s portfolio investments to be affected by trading on days when you cannot buy or sell shares.

For purposes of calculating the NAV, portfolio holdings for which market quotations are readily available are valued at market value. Listed securities, for example, are generally valued using the official quoted close price or the last sale on the exchange that is determined to be the primary market for the security. Other portfolio holdings, such as debt securities, certain preferred stocks, and derivatives traded over the counter, are valued using prices received from independent pricing services which utilize dealer quotes, recent transaction data, pricing models, and other inputs to arrive at market-based valuations. Pricing models may consider quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, cash flows (including prepayment speeds), and credit risk. Exchange-traded derivatives are generally valued at the settlement price determined by the relevant exchange and centrally cleared derivatives are generally valued at the price determined by the relevant clearing house. Short-term securities with less than 60 days to maturity may be valued at amortized cost if amortized cost approximates current value. Mutual funds are valued at their respective net asset values. Security values are not discounted based on the size of the Fund’s position and may differ from the value a Fund receives upon the sale of the securities. If market quotations are not readily available or if normal valuation procedures produce valuations that are deemed unreliable or inappropriate under the circumstances existing at the time, the investment will be valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Funds’ Board of Trustees.

The Board of Trustees has appointed Shelton Capital Management to make fair value determinations in accordance with the Funds’ Valuation Policies (“Valuation Policies”), subject to Board oversight. Shelton Capital Management has established a Pricing Committee. The Pricing Committee is responsible for implementing the Valuation Policies, including determining the fair value of securities and other investments when necessary. The Pricing Committee considers relevant indications of value that are reasonably available to it in determining the fair value assigned to a particular security, such as the value of similar financial instruments, trading volumes, contractual restrictions on disposition, related corporate actions, and changes in economic conditions. As trading in securities on most foreign exchanges is normally completed before the close of the NYSE, the value of non-U.S. securities can change by the time the Fund calculates its NAV. Valuing securities through a fair value determination involves greater reliance on judgment than valuation of securities based on readily available market quotations. In some instances, lack of information and uncertainty as to the significance of information may lead to a conclusion that a prior valuation is the best indication of a security’s value. When fair value pricing is employed, the prices of securities used by a Fund to calculate its NAV may differ from quoted or published prices for the same securities.

How to Sell Shares

You may redeem all or a portion of your shares on any business day that the Funds are open for business. Your shares will be redeemed at the net asset value next calculated (after the close of the NYSE which is 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time) after the Fund’s agent has received your redemption request in good order (as described below). Remember that a Fund may hold redemption proceeds until we are satisfied that we have collected the purchase price for any shares purchased by check. To avoid possible delays, which could be up to 15 days, you should consider making your investment by wire, following the instructions as described in the section titled “Wire Instructions” in this Prospectus.

By Mail

If you have not elected telephone redemption or transfer privileges, you must send a letter of instruction. Additionally, if the check is to be made payable to a third-party or sent to an address other than the address of record, you must obtain a “medallion signature guarantee” on the letter of instruction. The letter of instruction must specify (i) the name of the Fund, (ii) the number of shares to be sold and/or the dollar amount, (iii) your name(s), and (iv) your account number(s). The letter of instruction is to be mailed to the Funds’ offices. If you have additional questions, please contact us at (800) 955-9988. The Funds’ Transfer Agent requires that each individual’s signature(s) appearing on a redemption request be guaranteed by an eligible signature guarantor such as a commercial bank, broker-dealer, credit union, securities exchange or association, clearing agency or savings association. This policy is designed to protect shareholders who do not elect telephone privileges on their accounts.

By Check – United States Treasury Trust

United States Treasury Trust offers a check writing option to shareholders. You must apply for the check writing feature for your account. You may redeem by check provided that the proper signatures you designated are on the check. The minimum redemption amount by check is $500. There is no charge for this service. You should not attempt to close your account by check since you cannot be sure of the number of shares and value of your account. You must use the phone, online or mail redemption feature to close your account. Please note that a $25.00 fee will be charged to your account for any returned check.

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By Exchange

You must meet the minimum investment requirement of the Fund into which you are exchanging. You can only exchange between accounts with identical account registrations. Same day exchanges are accepted until market close, normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time.

By Wire

You must have applied for the wire feature on your account. We will notify you when this feature is active, and you may then make wire redemptions by calling us before 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time (1:00 p.m., Pacific Time). This means your money will be wired to your bank the next business day.

By Electronic Funds Transfer

You must have applied for the EFT withdrawal feature on your account. Typically, money sent by EFT will be sent to your bank within three business days after the sales of your securities. There is no fee for this service.

Online

You can sell shares in a regular account by accessing our website at www.sheltoncap.com. You may not buy or sell shares in a retirement account using our online feature. If you have recently added banking information or changed your address online, there is a 15-day delay from the date of the change to when the redemption will be sent out.

By Telephone

You must have telephone privileges set up in advance of any transaction on your account. Provide the name of the Fund from which you are redeeming shares, the exact name in which your account is registered, your account number, the required identification information and the number of shares or dollar amount that you wish to redeem. Unless you submit an account enrollment form that indicates that you have declined telephone and/or online exchange privileges, you agree, by signing your account enrollment form, to authorize and direct the Funds to accept and act upon telephone, online and fax instructions for exchanges involving your account or any other account with the same registration. The Funds employ reasonable procedures in an effort to confirm the authenticity of your instructions. These procedures will require a redeeming shareholder to give a special authorization number or password. Provided these procedures are followed, you further agree that neither the Funds nor the Funds’ agent will be responsible for any loss, damage, cost or expense arising out of any instructions received for an account. You should realize that by electing the telephone privileges and online access options, you may be giving up a measure of security that you might otherwise have if you were to exchange your shares in writing. For reasons involving the security of your account, telephone transactions may be recorded.

Systematic Withdrawal Plan

If you own shares of a Fund with a value of $10,000 or more, you may establish a Systematic Withdrawal Plan. You may receive monthly or quarterly payments in amounts of not less than $100 per payment. Details of this plan may be obtained by calling the Funds at (800) 955- 9988.

Other Redemption Policies

Payment of Redemption Proceeds: The Trust is committed to pay in cash all requests for redemption by any shareholder of record, limited in amount, however, during any 90-day period to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the value of the applicable Fund’s net assets at the beginning of such period. Such commitment is irrevocable without the prior approval of the SEC.

Redemption-in-Kind: In the case of requests for redemption in excess of such amounts, the Trustees reserve the right to make payments in whole or in part in securities or other assets of the Fund from which the shareholder is redeeming. Such payments-in -kind might be made, for example, in case of stressed market conditions, or if the payment of such a redemption in cash would be detrimental to the existing shareholders of that Fund or the Trust. In such circumstances, the securities distributed would be valued at the price used to compute such Fund’s net asset value and will generally represent pro-rata slices of the Fund’s portfolio. Should a Fund do so, a shareholder would likely incur transaction fees in converting the securities to cash. However, a Fund could be practically limited in its ability to redeem shares in-kind due to logistical or other issues.

Redemption Methods Available: Generally, a Fund expects to pay redemption proceeds in cash. To do so, a Fund typically expects to satisfy redemption requests either by using available cash (or cash equivalents) or by selling portfolio securities. These methods may be used during both normal and stressed market conditions.

Retirement Plan Redemptions: Retirement Plan shareholders should complete a Rollover Distribution Election Form in order to sell shares of the Funds so that the sale is treated properly for tax purposes. Once your shares are redeemed, we will normally mail you the proceeds on the next business day, but within no later than 7 business days. When the markets are closed (or when trading is restricted) for any reason other than its customary weekend or holiday closing, or under any emergency circumstances as determined by the SEC to merit such action, we may suspend redemption or postpone payment dates.

Low Balance Accounts: If you want to keep your account(s) open, please be sure that the value of your account does not fall below $1,000 due to redemptions. Shelton may elect to close an account that falls below the minimum and mail you the proceeds to the address of record. We will give you 30 days written notice that your account(s) will be closed unless you make an investment to increase your account balance(s) to the $1,000. If you close your account, any accrued dividends will be paid as part of your redemption proceeds. The share prices of the Funds will fluctuate, and you may receive more or less than your original investment when you redeem your shares.

Other Important Policies Related to Buying and Selling Shares

Good Order. Good order means that the request includes:

Fund name and account number;

Amount of the transaction in dollars or shares; (if redemption is requested by internet or mail, the amount of the transaction may be stated in percentage terms);

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Signatures of all owners exactly as registered on the account (for written requests);

Medallion Signature Guarantee, if required (see Medallion Signature Guarantees);

Any supporting legal documentation that may be required; and

Clear and actionable instructions to the Fund as applicable

Note: for corporate/institutional accounts only, the required signature(s) must be either (1) Medallion-guaranteed and clearly indicate the capacity of the signer to act for the corporation or institution or (2) that of an authorized signatory as indicated by the account records.

Medallion Signature Guarantees. You will need to have your signature Medallion guaranteed in certain situations, including but not limited to:

Sending redemption proceeds to any person, address, or bank account not on record;

Transferring redemption proceeds to a Shelton Fund account with a different registration (name/ownership) from yours; and

Changes to account ownership, signature authority or registration.

A Medallion Signature Guarantee may be obtained from a domestic bank or trust company, broker, dealer, clearing agency, savings association, or other financial institution which participates in a Medallion program recognized by the Securities Transfer Association. Signature guarantees from financial institutions which do not participate in a Medallion program will not be accepted. A notary public cannot provide Medallion Signature Guarantees.

Keep in mind the following important policies:

A Fund may take up to 7 business days to pay redemption proceeds.

If your shares were recently purchased by check, the Fund will not release your redemption proceeds until payment of the check can be verified which may take up to 15 days.

Exchange purchases must meet the minimum investment amounts of the Fund you are purchasing.

You must obtain and read the Prospectus for the Fund you are buying prior to making the exchange.

If you have not selected the convenient exchange privileges on your original account application, you must provide a medallion signature guaranteed letter of instruction to the Fund, directing any changes in your account.

The Funds may refuse any purchase or exchange purchase transaction for any reason.

Each signature on a request for redemption or account registration change must be medallion signature guaranteed separately.

All share activity is subject to federal and state rules and regulations. These are in place to prevent, among other things, money laundering and other illegal movements of money.

THE FUNDS AND SHELTON RESERVE CERTAIN RIGHTS, INCLUDING THE FOLLOWING:

To automatically redeem your shares if your account balance falls below the minimum balance due to the sale of shares.

To modify or terminate the exchange privilege on 60 days written notice.

To refuse any purchase or exchange purchase order.

To change or waive a Fund’s minimum investment amount.

To suspend the right to redeem shares, and delay sending proceeds, during times when trading on the principal markets for the Funds are restricted or halted, or otherwise as permitted by the SEC.

To withdraw or suspend any part of the offering made by this Prospectus.

To automatically redeem your shares if you fail to provide all required enrollment information and documentation.

Other Policies

Tax-Saving Retirement Plans

We can set up your new account in a Fund under one of several tax-sheltered plans. The following plans let you save for your retirement and shelter your investment earnings from current income taxes and may allow either deductible contributions or tax-free withdrawals: IRAs/Roth IRAs: You can also make investments in the name of your spouse if your spouse has no earned income. SIMPLE, SEP, 401(k)/Profit-Sharing and Money-Purchase Plans (Keogh): May be open to corporations, self- employed people and partnerships, to benefit themselves and their employees. 403(b) Plans. Open to eligible employees of certain states and non-profit organizations. Each IRA is subject to an annual custodial fee of $10.00 per social security number. The annual custodial fee will be waived for IRAs with a balance greater than $10,000. The Funds reserve the right to change, modify or eliminate this waiver at any time. We can provide you with complete information on any of these plans, including information that discusses benefits, provisions and fees.

Cash Distributions

Unless you otherwise indicate on the account application, we will reinvest all dividends and capital gains distributions back into your account. You may indicate on the application that you wish to receive either income dividends or capital gains distributions in cash. EFT is available to those investors who would like their dividends electronically transferred to their bank accounts. For those investors who do not request this feature, dividend checks will be mailed via regular mail. If you elect to receive distributions by mail and the U.S. Postal Service cannot deliver your checks or if the checks remain uncashed for six months or more, we will void the checks and reinvest your money in your account at the then current net asset value and reinvest your subsequent distributions.

36

Statements and Reports

Shareholders of the Funds will receive statements at least quarterly and after every transaction (other than AIP transactions) that affects their share balance and/or account registration. A statement with tax information will be mailed to you by January 31 of each year, a copy of which will be filed with the IRS if it reflects any taxable distributions. Twice a year you will receive our financial statements, at least one of which will be audited. The account statements you receive will show the total number of shares you own and a current market value. You may rely on these statements in lieu of share certificates which are not necessary and are not issued. You should keep your statements to assist in record keeping and tax calculations. We pay for regular reporting services, but not for special services. Special services would include a request for a historical transcript of an account. You may be required to pay a separate fee for these special services. As an alternative to requesting special services, you can establish an online account. Once the online account is established, you may also obtain a transaction history for your account(s) by accessing our website atwww.sheltoncap.com.

Consolidated Mailings & Householding

Consolidated statements offer convenience to investors by summarizing account information and reducing unnecessary mail. We send these statements to all shareholders unless shareholders specifically request otherwise. These statements include a summary of all funds held by each shareholder as identified by the first line of registration, social security number and zip code. Householding refers to the practice of mailing one Prospectus, Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report to each home for all household investors. If you would like extra copies of these reports, please download a copy from www.sheltoncap.com or call the Funds at (800) 955-9988. If you would like to elect out of household-based mailings or to receive a complimentary copy of the current SAI, annual or semi-annual report, please call Shelton or write to the Secretary of the Funds at 1875 Lawrence Street, Suite 300, Denver, CO 80202.

Electronic Delivery of Documents

You may sign up for electronic statements online or by calling shareholder services at (800) 955-9988. If you sign up over the telephone, a temporary password will be issued to you and you must reset the password to secure your account and access.

Financial Intermediaries

You may purchase or sell Fund shares through a financial intermediary, which may charge you a fee for this service and may require different minimum initial and subsequent investments than the Funds. Financial intermediaries may also impose other charges or restrictions different from those applicable to shareholders who invest in the Funds directly. In addition, a broker may charge a commission to its customers on transactions in Fund shares, provided the broker acts solely on an agency basis for its customer and does not receive any distribution-related payment in connection with the transaction. Shareholders who are customers of financial intermediaries or participants in programs serviced by them should contact the financial intermediaries for additional information. A financial intermediary may be the shareholder of record of your shares. The Funds, Shelton Capital Management, Gemini Fund Services, and each of their respective directors, trustees, officers, employees, and agents are not responsible for the failure of any financial intermediary to carry out its obligations to its customers.

Shelton Capital Management, out of its own resources, and without additional cost to the Funds or their shareholders, may provide additional cash payments or non-cash compensation to financial intermediaries who sell shares of the Funds. Such payments and compensation are in addition to service fees paid by the Funds. These additional cash payments are generally made to intermediaries that provide shareholder servicing, marketing support and/or access to sales meetings, sales representatives and management representatives of the intermediary. Cash compensation may also be paid to financial intermediaries for the inclusion of the Funds on the sales list, including a preferred or select sales list, in other sales programs or as an expense reimbursement in cases where the intermediary provides shareholder services to Fund shareholders.

Risks of Frequent Trading in Fund Shares

The Funds (other than the United States Treasury Trust) are intended for long-term investment purposes and not for market timing or excessive short-term trading. Frequent trading of significant portions of a Fund’s shares may adversely affect Fund performance and therefore, the interests of long-term investors. Volatility in portfolio cash balances resulting from excessive purchases or sales or exchanges of Fund shares, especially involving large dollar amounts, may disrupt efficient portfolio management and make it difficult to implement long-term investment strategies. In particular, frequent trading of Fund shares may:

Cause a Fund to keep more assets in money market instruments or other very liquid holdings than it would otherwise like, causing the Fund to miss out on gains in a rising market, or

Force a Fund to sell some of its investments sooner than it would otherwise like in order to honor redemptions, and

Increase brokerage commissions and other portfolio transaction expenses if securities are constantly being bought and sold by the Fund as assets and move in and out.

To the extent any Fund significantly invests in illiquid or restricted securities, such as high-yield bonds or small-cap equity securities, because these securities are often infrequently traded, investors may seek to trade Fund shares in an effort to benefit from their understanding of the value of these securities.

Procedures to Limit Short-Term Trading in Fund Shares

The Funds have adopted policies and procedures designed to discourage short-term trading. Although market-timing can take place in many forms, the Funds generally define a market-timing account as an account that habitually redeems or exchanges Fund shares in an effort to profit from short-term movements in the price of securities held by the Funds. The Funds seek to eliminate such purchases and have taken steps that it believes to be reasonable to discourage such activity. The Funds’ frequent trading policies and procedures seek to identify frequent trading by monitoring purchase and redemption activities in each Fund over certain periodic intervals and above certain dollar thresholds. The policies include communicating with relevant shareholders or financial intermediaries, and placing restrictions on share transactions, when deemed appropriate by the Fund. The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order. While the Funds make efforts to identify and restrict frequent trading that could impact the management of a Fund, the Funds receive purchase and sales orders through financial intermediaries and cannot always know or detect frequent trading that may be facilitated by the use of intermediaries or by the use of combined or omnibus accounts by

37

those intermediaries. If a shareholder, in the opinion of a Fund, continues to attempt to use the Fund for market- timing strategies after being notified by the Fund or its agent, the account(s) of that shareholder may be closed to new purchases and exchange privileges may be suspended. Additionally, if any transaction is deemed to have the potential to adversely impact a Fund, the Fund has certain rights listed and detailed later in this prospectus.

The application of the Funds’ excessive trading policies involves judgments that are inherently subjective and involve some selectivity in their application. The Funds, however, seek to make judgments that are consistent with the interests of the Funds’ shareholders. No matter how the Funds define excessive trading, other purchases and sales of Fund shares may have adverse effects on the management of a Fund’s portfolio and its performance. Additionally, due to the complexity and subjectivity involved in identifying excessive trading and the volume of Fund shareholder transactions, there can be no guarantee that the Funds will be able to identify violations of the excessive trading policy or to reduce or eliminate all detrimental effects of excessive trading. The restrictions above may not apply to shares held in omnibus accounts for which the Funds do not receive sufficient transactional detail to enforce such restrictions.

Identity Verification Procedures Notice

The USA PATRIOT Act requires financial institutions, including mutual funds, to adopt certain policies and programs to prevent money- laundering activities, including procedures to verify the identity of customers opening new accounts. When completing the account application, you will be required to supply the Funds with your taxpayer identification number and other information the Fund considers appropriate to assist the Funds in verifying your identity. Until such verification is made, the Funds may temporarily limit additional share purchases. In addition, the Funds may limit additional share purchases or close an account if it is unable to verify a customer’s identity. As required by law, the Funds may employ various procedures to ensure that the information supplied by you is correct. These procedures may incorporate comparing the information provided to fraud databases or requesting additional information or documentation from you. Your information will be handled by us as discussed in our privacy statement below.

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings

The Funds provide a complete list of their holdings as of the end of each fiscal quarter. The Funds file the lists with the SEC on Form N-CSR (second and fourth quarters) and Form N-PORT (first and third quarters). Shareholders may view the Funds’ Forms N- CSR and N-PORT on the SEC’s website at sec.gov. Shareholders may contact the Funds at (800) 955-9988 for a copy of the Funds’ Form N-PORT filings. Additionally, the Funds provide a complete list of their holdings at the end of each calendar quarter to various market database venues. The portfolio holdings of the United States Treasury Trust are posted on Shelton’s public website (https://sheltoncap.com/) as of the last business day of the previous month, no later than the fifth business day of the following month.

Shareholders will receive portfolio holdings information via annual and semi-annual reports, which will be mailed to shareholders and posted on the Funds’ website. Portfolio holdings will be made available by Gemini Financial Services, the Trust’s service provider, ten business day after month-end by releasing the information to ratings agencies. A more complete description of the Funds’ policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Funds’ portfolio securities is available in the Funds’ SAI.

Dividends and Taxes

Dividends. Any investment in the Funds typically involves several tax considerations. The information below is meant as a general summary for U.S. citizens and residents. Because your situation may be different, it is important that you consult your tax advisor about the tax implications of your investment in any of the Funds. As a shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the dividends your Fund earns. The S&P 500 Index Fund, S&P MidCap Index Fund, S&P SmallCap Index Fund, Shelton Equity Income Fund, and Nasdaq-100 Index Fund distribute substantially all of their dividends quarterly and the Shelton Green Alpha Fund, distributes annually. Shareholders of record on the second to last business day of the quarter will receive the dividends. The U.S. Government Securities Fund distributes substantially all of its dividends monthly. The Money Market Fund pays dividends daily and distributes dividends monthly. Shareholders of record on the second to last business day of the month will receive the dividends. Capital gains are generally paid on the last day of November, to shareholders of record on the second to last business day of November of each year. However, the Equity Income Fund will generally pay short-term capital gain distributions (taxable as ordinary income to shareholders) on a quarterly basis to the extent of net gains from option trading activity that are not offset by capital losses. At the beginning of each year, shareholders are provided with information detailing the tax status of any dividend the Funds have paid during the previous year. After every distribution, the value of a Fund share drops by the amount of the distribution. If you purchase shares of one of the Funds before the record date of a distribution and elect to have distributions paid to you in cash, you will pay the full price for the shares and then receive some portion of that price back in the form of a taxable distribution. This is sometimes referred to as buying a dividend.

Federal Income Taxes. This discussion only addresses the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in a Fund for U.S. persons and does not address any foreign tax consequences or, except where specifically noted, any state or local tax consequences. For purposes of this discussion, U.S. persons are:

(i)U.S. citizens or residents;

(ii)corporations organized in the United States or under the law of the United States or any state;

(iii)an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

(iv)a trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or certain electing trusts that were in existence on August 20, 1996, and were treated as domestic trusts on August 19, 1996.

This discussion does not address issues of significance to U.S. persons in special situations such as (i) certain types of tax-exempt organizations, (ii) shareholders holding shares through tax-advantaged accounts (such as 401(k) plan accounts or individual retirement accounts), (iii) shareholders holding investments through foreign institutions (financial and non-financial) or through foreign accounts, (iv) financial institutions, (v) insurance companies (vi) broker-dealers, (vii) entities not organized under the laws of the United States or a political subdivision thereof, (viii) shareholders holding shares as part of a hedge, straddle or conversion transaction, and (ix) shareholders who are subject to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax. If a partnership (including for this purpose any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax

38

purposes) is a beneficial owner of shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership.

For further information regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in a Fund, investors should see the SAI under “FEDERAL INCOME TAXES-Taxation of the Funds.”

Non-U.S. persons that are considering the purchase of shares should consult with their own tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal, foreign, state and local tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares in a Fund.

Each Fund expects to meet all requirements under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) necessary to qualify for treatment as a “regulated investment company” (RIC) and thus does not expect to pay any U.S. federal income tax on income and capital gains distributed to shareholders. The Funds also intend to meet certain distribution requirements such that the Fund is not subject to U.S. federal income tax in general. This discussion assumes that the Funds will qualify under Subchapter M of the Code as RICs and will satisfy such distribution requirements. There can be no guarantee that this assumption will be correct. If the Funds qualify under Subchapter M as RICs, they will not be subject to federal income taxes to the extent that they distribute substantially all of their net investment income and any realized capital gains.

Investors should consult with their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal, foreign, state and local tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.

Taxation of Fund Distributions

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, shareholders of a Fund are generally subject to taxation based on the underlying character of the income and gain recognized by the Fund and distributed to the shareholders.

Distributions of net capital gains that are properly designated by a Fund as capital gain dividends (“capital gain dividends”) will be taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gains. Generally, distributions of earnings derived from ordinary income and short-term capital gains will be taxable as ordinary income. Certain distributions from a Fund may be “qualified dividend income;’ which will be taxed to individuals and other non-corporate shareholders at long-term capital gains rates so long as certain holding period and other requirements are met. Shareholders that are domestic C corporation may be able to take a dividends-received deduction for 50% of the dividends they receive from a Fund, to the extent such dividends are received by the Fund from a domestic corporation and to the extent a portion of interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by the Fund are treated as dividends, subject to certain holding period (that must be met by both the Fund and the shareholder) and debt-financing limitations.

A Fund may realize long-term capital gains. A Fund may realize short-term capital gains from the sale of investments that the Fund owned for one year or less or from transactions in section 1256 contracts. A Fund may realize ordinary income from foreign currency gains, from interest on indebtedness owned by the Fund, and from other sources. The term “Section 1256 contract” refers to regulated future contracts, foreign currency contracts, non-equity options, debt options, dealer equity options, and certain other options. The Funds’ investments in Section 1256 contracts are taxed annually on a “marked to market” basis as if sold for their fair market values at the end of the tax year. Gains and losses on section 1256 contracts are generally treated as 60% long-term capital gain or loss and 40% short-term capital gain or loss (with certain exceptions).

A Fund’s investments in options and other derivatives (such as futures contracts and swaps) may change the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders. Such investments will be subject to special tax rules, which may accelerate taxable income to the Fund, shorten the holding period of the Fund’s securities, convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses, or convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains taxable resulting in distributions taxable as ordinary income to shareholders.

Distribution or earnings made shortly after a shareholder purchases shares of a Fund will be taxable even when such distribution is in effect a return of capital because the distributions were earned by the Fund prior to the shareholder’s investment. An investor can avoid this result by investing soon after a Fund has paid a dividend.

If a Fund invests in stock of a real-estate investment trust (a “REIT”), it may be eligible to pay “section 199A dividends” to its shareholders with respect to qualified dividends received by it from its investment in REITs. Section 199A dividends are taxable to individual and other noncorporate shareholders at a reduced effective federal income tax rate, provided that certain holding period requirements and other conditions are satisfied.

Sale or Redemption of Fund Shares

A shareholder who sells or redeems shares of a Fund generally will recognize a gain or a loss. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount received in the redemption (net of any applicable redemption fees) and the shareholder’s aggregate adjusted basis in the shares surrendered.

Any capital gain or loss realized upon redemption of shares of a Fund is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year and as a short-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for one year or less. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to significant limitations. For more information, see the SAI under “FEDERAL INCOME TAXES-Sale or Redemption of Shares.”

An exchange of shares issued by different Funds represents the taxable redemption of shares of one Fund and the purchase of shares of the other Fund. Transfers between classes of the same Fund are generally not taxable transactions although certain tax reporting requirements may apply to significant holders as discussed in the SAI under “FEDERAL INCOME TAXES – Special Tax Considerations - Transfers between Classes of a Single Fund” for more information.

In certain circumstances, a loss realized upon a redemption of shares of a Fund may not be deducted currently under the rules governing “wash sales.” Persons redeeming shares should consult their own tax advisor with respect to whether the wash sale rules apply and when such a loss might be deductible.

39

Taxation of Certain Investments

A Fund’s investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding or other taxes, which would reduce a Fund’s yield on those securities. Shareholders generally will not be entitled to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction with respect to foreign taxes paid by a Fund, although it is possible that Fund may be able to elect to pass through foreign tax credits or deductions to its shareholders. The Funds make no assurances regarding their ability or willingness to so elect. In addition, a Fund’s investments in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate the Fund’s recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of the Fund’s distributions. For more information, see the SAI under “FEDERAL INCOME TAXES-Special Tax Considerations.”

The Funds may, at times, buy newly issued debt obligations at a discount from their stated redemption price at maturity. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, any original issue discount inherent in such investments will be included in a Fund’s ordinary income as such income accrues. Even though payment of that amount may not be received until a later time and will be subject to the risk of nonpayment, it will be distributed to shareholders as taxable dividends. The Funds may also buy debt obligations in the secondary market that are treated as having market discount. Generally, gain recognized on the disposition of such an investment is taxed as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of the accrued market discount, but a Fund may elect instead to currently include the amount of market discount as ordinary income even though the Fund does not receive payment of such amount at that time. A Fund’s investments in certain mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and derivatives may also cause the Fund to recognize taxable income in excess of the cash generated by such obligations. Thus, the Fund could be required at times to liquidate other investments in order to satisfy its distribution requirements, potentially increasing the amount of capital gain dividends made to shareholders.

If a shareholder account is set up to send distributions based on received withholding instructions, these instructions can be changed at any time. If the account withholding does not need to be changed no action is needed to continue planned distributions.

Special Considerations for Investments in the Green California Tax-Free Income Fund.

A majority of dividends paid by the Green California Tax-Free Income Fund are expected to be exempt-interest dividends that will be exempt from federal income taxes and California personal income taxes. However, for federal income tax purposes, exempt-interest dividends will be taken into account in determining the taxable portion of any Social Security or railroad retirement benefits that an individual shareholder receives. In addition, income from tax-exempt bonds whose proceeds are used to fund private, for-profit activities may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. For shareholders that are taxed as corporations, exempt-interest dividends are generally not exempt for purposes of the California corporate franchise tax and may not be exempt for purposes of the California corporate income tax.

Distributions of capital gains and any investment income that are not exempt from federal income tax will be taxable to a shareholder (both for federal and applicable California income tax purposes purposes) whether or not the shareholder reinvests the distributions in additional Fund shares. A sale or exchange of Fund shares also will be a taxable event (both for federal and applicable California income tax purposes).

While California does not generally tax exempt-income dividends from interest earned on municipal securities of California, almost all states other than California will tax such exempt-income dividends. Accordingly, the Green California Tax-Free Income Fund may not be an appropriate investment for investors who are not subject to taxation in California.

In addition, the Green California Tax-Free Fund is generally not an optimal investment for tax-advantaged arrangements, such as 401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts, because their earnings generally are not currently taxed regardless of whether they are from exempt-interest dividends. For more information regarding the tax consequences of investments in the Green California Fund, see the SAI under “FEDERAL INCOME TAXES-Special Tax Considerations-Investments in the Green California Fund.”

Gross Proceeds and Cost Basis Reporting

The Funds (or their administrative agent) must report to the IRS and furnish to Fund shareholders gross proceeds from the sale of Fund shares. In addition, for Fund shares purchased on or after January 1, 2012, the Funds must report the cost basis information for such shares and indicate whether such shares had a short-term or long- term holding period. These requirements do not apply to investments through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement plan. If a shareholder does not make an election among the available IRS-accepted cost basis methods, the Fund will use a default cost basis method for the shareholder. The cost basis method elected or applied may not be changed after the settlement date of a sale of Fund shares.

Surtax on Net Investment Income

A 3.8% surtax applies to net investment income of an individual taxpayer, and on the undistributed net investment income of a trust or estate, to the extent that the taxpayer’s gross income (as adjusted) exceeds certain amounts. Net investment income includes distributions paid by a Fund (except exempt-interest dividends) and capital gains from the sale or exchange of Fund shares. For information regarding the surtax on net investment income, see the SAI under “FEDERAL INCOME TAXES-Surtax on Net Investment Income.

Backup Withholding

The Funds are required in certain circumstances to apply backup withholding on taxable dividends, redemption proceeds and certain other payments that are paid to any shareholder who does not furnish to a Fund certain information and certifications or who is otherwise subject to backup withholding. The current backup withholding tax rate is 24% until calendar year 2026. For more information regarding backup withholding, see the SAI under “FEDERAL INCOME TAXES-Backup Withholding.”

Annual Notifications. Each year, the Funds will notify shareholders of the tax status of dividends and distributions.

40

Notice of Privacy Policy

FACTS

WHAT DO SHELTON CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AND THE SHELTON FUNDS DO WITH YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION?

WHY?

Financial companies choose how they share your personal information. Federal law gives consumers the right to limit some but not all sharing. Federal law also requires us to tell you how we collect, share, and protect your personal information. Please read this notice carefully to understand what we do.

WHAT?

The types of personal information we collect and share depend on the product or service you have with us. This information can include:

• Social Security number and account transactions

• Account balances and transaction history

• Wire transfer instructions

HOW?

All financial companies need to share customers’ personal information to run their everyday business. In the section below, we list the reasons financial companies can share their customers’ personal information; the reasons the Funds choose to share; and whether you can limit this sharing.

REASONS WE CAN SHARE YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION

DO WE
SHARE:

CAN YOU
LIMIT THIS
SHARING?

For our everyday business purpose –

such as to process your transactions, maintain your account(s), respond to court orders and legal investigations, or report to credit bureaus

Yes

No

For our marketing purposes –

to offer our products and services to you

No

We do not share.

For joint marketing with other financial companies

No

We do not share.

For our affiliates’ everyday business purposes –

information about your transactions and experiences

Yes

No

For our affiliates’ everyday business purposes –

information about your creditworthiness

No

We do not share.

For non-affiliates to market to you

No

We do not share.

WHO WE ARE

Who is providing
this notice?

Shelton Capital Management

WHAT WE DO

How does Shelton
Capital Management
protect my personal
information?

To protect your personal information from unauthorized access and use, we use security measures that comply with federal law. These measures include computer safeguards and secured files and buildings.

How does Shelton
Capital Management
collect my personal
information?

We collect your personal information, for example, when you

• open an account

• provide account information or give us your contact information

• make a wire transfer or deposit money

Why can’t I limit all
sharing?

Federal law gives you the right to limit only

 

• sharing for affiliates’ everyday business purposes-information about your creditworthiness

• affiliates from using your information to market to you

• sharing for non-affiliates to market to you

State laws and individual companies may give you additional rights to limit sharing.

[See below for more on your rights under state law.]

41

DEFINITIONS

 

Affiliates

Companies related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and nonfinancial companies.

Non-affiliates

Companies not related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and nonfinancial companies.

Shelton Capital Management does not share with non-affiliates so they can market to you.

Joint marketing

A formal agreement between non-affiliated financial companies that together market financial products or services to you.

Shelton Capital Management does not jointly market.

OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION

California
Residents

If your account has a California home address, your personal information will not be disclosed to nonaffiliated third parties except as permitted by applicable California law, and we will limit sharing such personal information with our affiliates to comply with California privacy laws that apply to us.

Use of Email Addresses:

If you have requested information regarding Shelton Capital Management products and services and supplied your email address to us, we may occasionally send you follow-up communications or information on additional products or services. Additionally, registered clients can subscribe to the following email services:

Prospectus and Shareholder Reports Receive prospectuses and shareholder reports online instead of by U.S. Mail.

Paperless Statements Receive an e-mail with a link to our Website informing you that our investor statements are available online to view, print or download.

Tax Form Alerts Receive an e-mail in early January informing you if you will receive tax forms for your taxable Shelton mutual funds, including the approximate date they will be mailed.

We also include instructions and links for unsubscribing from Shelton Capital Management emails. We do not sell email addresses to anyone, although we may disclose email addresses to third parties that perform administrative or marketing services for us. We may track receipt of emails to gauge the effectiveness of our communications.

Financial Highlights:

The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand each Fund’s performance for the past five fiscal years. Certain information reflects financial results of a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has been audited by Cohen & Company Ltd., whose report, along with the Funds’ financial statements are included in the Annual Report, available upon request. For fiscal years prior to August 31, 2021, the Funds’ financial information was audited by another auditor.

42

Financial Highlights
(For a Share Outstanding Throughout Each Year or Period)

Green California Tax-Free Income Fund
Direct Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$11.76

$11.72

$11.29

$11.65

$11.93

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.21

0.21

0.23

0.23

0.25

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

(0.10

)

0.06

0.45

(0.31

)

(0.20

)

Total from investment operations

0.11

0.27

0.68

(0.08

)

0.05

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.22

)

(0.21

)

(0.23

)

(0.24

)

(0.27

)

Distributions from capital gains

(0.02

)

(0.02

)

(0.04

)

(0.06

)

Total distributions

(0.22

)

(0.23

)

(0.25

)

(0.28

)

(0.33

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$11.65

$11.76

$11.72

$11.29

$11.65

 

Total return

0.96

%

2.31

%

6.10

%

(0.74

)%

0.43

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year or period (000s)

$56,902

$61,357

$66,144

$68,253

$75,310

Ratio of expenses to average net assets

0.74

%

0.75

%

0.77

%

0.76

%

0.69

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

1.82

%

1.82

%

2.01

%

2.02

%

2.20

%

Portfolio turnover

7

%

9

%

4

%

12

%

7

%

  

(a) Calculated based upon average shares outstanding.

43

S&P 500 Index Fund
Direct Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$62.19

$56.00

$56.03

$48.26

$42.86

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.73

0.81

0.82

0.82

0.78

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

16.93

10.49

0.44

8.48

5.89

Total from investment operations

17.66

11.30

1.26

9.30

6.67

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.77

)

(0.85

)

(0.88

)

(0.77

)

(0.83

)

Distributions from capital gains

(4.41

)

(4.26

)

(0.41

)

(0.76

)

(0.44

)

Total distributions

(5.18

)

(5.11

)

(1.29

)

(1.53

)

(1.27

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$74.67

$62.19

$56.00

$56.03

$48.26

 

Total return

30.46

%

21.44

%

2.40

%

19.64

%

15.89

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year or period (000s)

$243,580

$196,133

$185,170

$182,362

$155,022

Ratio of expenses to average net assets:

Before expense reimbursements

0.43

%

0.48

%

0.50

%

0.50

%

0.46

%

After expense reimbursements

0.43

%

0.48

%

0.50

%

0.45

%

0.36

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

Before expense reimbursements

1.09

%

1.46

%

1.52

%

1.53

%

1.63

%

After expense reimbursements

1.09

%

1.46

%

1.52

%

1.58

%

1.73

%

Portfolio turnover

9

%

8

%

3

%

3

%

5

%

S&P 500 Index Fund
K Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$62.02

$55.92

$55.96

$48.24

$42.88

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.40

0.53

0.54

0.56

0.55

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

16.89

10.47

0.45

8.48

5.89

Total from investment operations

17.29

11.00

0.99

9.04

6.44

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.45

)

(0.64

)

(0.62

)

(0.56

)

(0.64

)

Distributions from capital gains

(4.41

)

(4.26

)

(0.41

)

(0.76

)

(0.44

)

Total distributions

(4.86

)

(4.90

)

(1.03

)

(1.32

)

(1.08

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$74.45

$62.02

$55.92

$55.96

$48.24

 

Total return

29.82

%

20.84

%

1.88

%

19.05

%

15.31

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year or period (000s)

$3,899

$3,085

$6,165

$9,919

$8,506

Ratio of expenses to average net assets:

Before expense reimbursements

0.93

%

0.98

%

0.99

%

1.00

%

0.96

%

After expense reimbursements

0.93

%

0.98

%

0.99

%

0.95

%

0.86

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

Before expense reimbursements

0.59

%

0.96

%

1.02

%

1.03

%

1.13

%

After expense reimbursements

0.59

%

0.96

%

1.02

%

1.08

%

1.23

%

Portfolio turnover

9

%

8

%

3

%

3

%

5

%

  

(a) Calculated based upon average shares outstanding.

44

S&P Midcap Index Fund
Direct Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$23.07

$23.85

$28.77

$25.75

$26.69

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.29

0.22

0.23

0.25

0.23

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

9.30

0.80

(2.23

)

4.61

2.95

Total from investment operations

9.59

1.02

(2.00

)

4.86

3.18

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.22

)

(0.24

)

(0.24

)

(0.22

)

(0.21

)

Distributions from capital gains

(1.99

)

(1.56

)

(2.68

)

(1.62

)

(3.91

)

Total distributions

(2.21

)

(1.80

)

(2.92

)

(1.84

)

(4.12

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$30.45

$23.07

$23.85

$28.77

$25.75

 

Total return

44.10

%

4.18

%

(6.85

)%

19.48

%

13.01

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year or period (000s)

$132,128

$98,496

$107,054

$124,728

$113,149

Ratio of expenses to average net assets:

Before expense reimbursements

0.62

%

0.66

%

0.67

%

0.66

%

0.62

%

After expense reimbursements

0.62

%

0.66

%

0.67

%

0.63

%

0.58

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

Before expense reimbursements

0.99

%

0.97

%

0.95

%

0.89

%

0.85

%

After expense reimbursements

0.99

%

0.97

%

0.95

%

0.92

%

0.89

%

Portfolio turnover

19

%

13

%

13

%

12

%

34

%

S&P MidCap Index Fund
K Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$22.29

$23.47

$28.37

$25.44

$26.43

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.14

0.11

0.11

0.11

0.10

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

8.97

0.50

(2.19

)

4.55

2.92

Total from investment operations

9.11

0.61

(2.08

)

4.66

3.02

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.09

)

(0.23

)

(0.14

)

(0.11

)

(0.10

)

Distributions from capital gains

(1.99

)

(1.56

)

(2.68

)

(1.62

)

(3.91

)

Total distributions

(2.08

)

(1.79

)

(2.82

)

(1.73

)

(4.01

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$29.32

$22.29

$23.47

$28.37

$25.44

 

Total return

43.33

%

2.37

%

(7.27

)%

18.86

%

12.45

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year or period (000s)

$1,338

$1,059

$3,077

$6,179

$5,442

Ratio of expenses to average net assets:

Before expense reimbursements

1.12

%

1.16

%

1.17

%

1.16

%

1.12

%

After expense reimbursements

1.12

%

1.16

%

1.17

%

1.13

%

1.08

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

Before expense reimbursements

0.48

%

0.49

%

0.45

%

0.39

%

0.35

%

After expense reimbursements

0.48

%

0.49

%

0.45

%

0.42

%

0.39

%

Portfolio turnover

19

%

13

%

13

%

12

%

34

%

  

(a) Calculated based upon average shares outstanding.

45

S&P Smallcap Index Fund
Direct Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$19.03

$20.52

$26.43

$22.33

$20.87

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.15

0.12

0.15

0.13

0.13

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

9.61

(0.05

)

(4.27

)

6.38

2.36

Total from investment operations

9.76

0.07

(4.12

)

6.51

2.49

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.12

)

(0.15

)

(0.15

)

(0.12

)

(0.12

)

Distributions from capital gains

(0.89

)

(1.41

)

(1.64

)

(2.29

)

(0.91

)

Total distributions

(1.01

)

(1.56

)

(1.79

)

(2.41

)

(1.03

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$27.78

$19.03

$20.52

$26.43

$22.33

 

Total return

52.93

%

(0.18

)%

(15.82

)%

30.95

%

12.12

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year or period (000s)

$64,461

$46,948

$61,412

$78,902

$56,076

Ratio of expenses to average net assets:

Before expense reimbursements

0.81

%

0.83

%

0.81

%

0.80

%

0.78

%

After expense reimbursements

0.81

%

0.83

%

0.81

%

0.77

%

0.74

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

Before expense reimbursements

0.59

%

0.60

%

0.70

%

0.53

%

0.56

%

After expense reimbursements

0.59

%

0.60

%

0.70

%

0.56

%

0.60

%

Portfolio turnover

14

%

20

%

14

%

18

%

31

%

S&P SmallCap Index Fund
K Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$18.43

$19.96

$25.77

$21.85

$20.47

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.03

0.02

0.05

0.01

0.02

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

9.30

(0.05

)

(4.16

)

6.23

2.31

Total from investment operations

9.33

(0.03

)

(4.11

)

6.24

2.33

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.02

)

(0.09

)

(0.06

)

(0.03

)

(0.04

)

Distributions from capital gains

(0.89

)

(1.41

)

(1.64

)

(2.29

)

(0.91

)

Total distributions

(0.91

)

(1.50

)

(1.70

)

(2.32

)

(0.95

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$26.85

$18.43

$19.96

$25.77

$21.85

 

Total return

52.18

%

(0.74

)%

(16.22

)%

30.26

%

11.59

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year or period (000s)

$3,569

$2,306

$4,908

$9,851

$8,165

Ratio of expenses to average net assets:

Before expense reimbursements

1.31

%

1.33

%

1.31

%

1.31

%

1.28

%

After expense reimbursements

1.31

%

1.33

%

1.31

%

1.27

%

1.24

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

Before expense reimbursements

0.10

%

0.12

%

0.21

%

0.03

%

0.06

%

After expense reimbursements

0.10

%

0.12

%

0.21

%

0.06

%

0.10

%

Portfolio turnover

14

%

20

%

14

%

18

%

31

%

  

(a) Calculated based upon average shares outstanding.

46

Shelton Equity Income Fund
Direct Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$18.68

$20.05

$24.53

$25.00

$26.82

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.18

0.25

0.36

0.37

0.43

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

4.62

1.22

(0.51

)

2.33

1.81

Total from investment operations

4.80

1.47

(0.15

)

2.70

2.24

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(1.64

)

(1.50

)

(0.68

)

(0.38

)

(0.59

)

Distributions from capital gains

(2.53

)

(1.34

)

(3.65

)

(2.79

)

(3.47

)

Total distributions

(4.17

)

(2.84

)

(4.33

)

(3.17

)

(4.06

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$19.31

$18.68

$20.05

$24.53

$25.00

 

Total return

30.38

%

7.99

%

0.41

%

11.32

%

9.10

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year or period (000s)

$226,412

$150,038

$148,997

$176,019

$176,929

Ratio of expenses to average net assets

0.74

%

0.84

%

0.82

%

0.78

%

0.75

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

0.99

%

1.33

%

1.77

%

1.52

%

1.71

%

Portfolio turnover

108

%

113

%

21

%

35

%

9

%

Shelton Equity Income Fund
K Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$18.21

$19.74

$24.22

$24.75

$26.61

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.09

0.16

0.26

0.25

0.30

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

4.48

1.19

(0.50

)

2.29

1.79

Total from investment operations

4.57

1.35

(0.24

)

2.54

2.09

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(1.56

)

(1.54

)

(0.59

)

(0.28

)

(0.48

)

Distributions from capital gains

(2.53

)

(1.34

)

(3.65

)

(2.79

)

(3.47

)

Total distributions

(4.09

)

(2.88

)

(4.24

)

(3.07

)

(3.95

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$18.69

$18.21

$19.74

$24.22

$24.75

 

Total return

29.73

%

7.40

%

(0.08

)%

10.75

%

8.57

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year or period (000s)

$1,391

$1,382

$2,601

$5,370

$5,369

Ratio of expenses to average net assets

1.24

%

1.34

%

1.32

%

1.28

%

1.25

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

0.49

%

0.85

%

1.27

%

1.02

%

1.22

%

Portfolio turnover

108

%

113

%

21

%

35

%

9

%

  

(a) Calculated based upon average shares outstanding.

47

Nasdaq-100 Index Fund
Direct Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$27.78

$18.78

$18.85

$15.24

$12.25

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.07

0.10

0.11

0.10

0.10

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

7.98

10.32

0.18

3.78

2.98

Total from investment operations

8.05

10.42

0.29

3.88

3.08

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.11

)

(0.10

)

(0.12

)

(0.10

)

(0.09

)

Distributions from capital gains

(0.27

)

(1.32

)

(0.24

)

(0.17

)

Total distributions

(0.38

)

(1.42

)

(0.36

)

(0.27

)

(0.09

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$35.45

$27.78

$18.78

$18.85

$15.24

 

Total return

29.31

%

58.98

%

1.72

%

25.73

%

25.29

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year (000s)

$1,188,238

$889,163

$607,521

$630,845

$460,021

Ratio of expenses to average net assets:

Before expense reimbursements

0.63

%

0.70

%

0.74

%

0.74

%

0.70

%

After expense reimbursements

0.50

%(b) 

0.50

%(b) 

0.50

%(b) 

0.51

%(b) 

0.49

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

Before expense reimbursements

0.11

%

0.27

%

0.40

%

0.36

%

0.53

%

After expense reimbursements

0.24

%

0.47

%

0.64

%

0.59

%

0.74

%

Portfolio turnover

7

%

12

%

18

%

2

%

4

%

Nasdaq 100 Index Fund
K Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$26.88

$18.23

$18.31

$14.83

$11.93

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

(0.07

)

(0.01

)

0.02

0.01

0.03

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

7.70

10.01

0.18

3.67

2.91

Total from investment operations

7.63

10.00

0.20

3.68

2.94

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.03

)

(0.03

)

(0.04

)

(0.03

)

(0.04

)

Distributions from capital gains

(0.27

)

(1.32

)

(0.24

)

(0.17

)

Total distributions

(0.30

)

(1.35

)

(0.28

)

(0.20

)

(0.04

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$34.21

$26.88

$18.23

$18.31

$14.83

 

Total return

28.66

%

58.17

%

1.24

%

25.03

%

24.70

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year (000s)

$38,457

$31,064

$24,755

$28,573

$22,427

Ratio of expenses to average net assets:

Before expense reimbursements

1.13

%

1.20

%

1.24

%

1.24

%

1.20

%

After expense reimbursements

1.00

%(b) 

1.00

%(b) 

1.00

%(b) 

1.01

%(b) 

0.99

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

Before expense reimbursements

(0.38

)%

(0.23

)%

(0.10

)%

(0.15

)%

0.03

%

After expense reimbursements

(0.25

)%

(0.03

)%

0.14

%

0.08

%

0.24

%

Portfolio turnover

7

%

12

%

18

%

2

%

4

%

  

(a) Calculated based upon average shares outstanding.

(b) CCO Fees are not included in the expense limitation.

48

U.S. Government Securities Fund
Direct Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$10.94

$10.57

$9.98

$10.32

$10.61

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.12

0.13

0.15

0.14

0.14

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

(0.35

)

0.37

0.59

(0.33

)

(0.26

)

Total from investment operations

(0.23

)

0.50

0.74

(0.19

)

(0.12

)

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.12

)

(0.13

)

(0.15

)

(0.15

)

(0.17

)

Total distributions

(0.12

)

(0.13

)

(0.15

)

(0.15

)

(0.17

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$10.59

$10.94

$10.57

$9.98

$10.32

 

Total return

(2.14

)%

4.78

%

7.48

%

(1.88

)%

(1.14

)%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year or period (000s)

$18,846

$22,034

$17,263

$15,668

$18,316

Ratio of expenses to average net assets:

Before expense reimbursements

1.00

%

0.93

%

0.99

%

0.89

%

0.81

%

After expense reimbursements

0.75

%(b) 

0.75

%(b) 

0.76

%(b) 

0.75

%(b) 

0.74

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

Before expense reimbursements

0.84

%

1.07

%

1.23

%

1.29

%

1.27

%

After expense reimbursements

1.10

%

1.25

%

1.47

%

1.42

%

1.34

%

Portfolio turnover

15

%

10

%

8

%

13

%

10

%

K Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$10.96

$10.59

$10.01

$10.35

$10.64

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.09

0.09

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

(0.35

)

0.37

0.58

(0.33

)

(0.27

)

Total from investment operations

(0.29

)

0.45

0.68

(0.24

)

(0.18

)

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.06

)

(0.08

)

(0.10

)

(0.10

)

(0.11

)

Total distributions

(0.06

)

(0.08

)

(0.10

)

(0.10

)

(0.11

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$10.61

$10.96

$10.59

$10.01

$10.35

 

Total return

(2.61

)%

4.28

%

6.87

%

(2.37

)%

(1.67

)%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year or period (000s)

$1,385

$1,672

$2,250

$3,691

$3,699

Ratio of expenses to average net assets:

Before expense reimbursements

1.51

%

1.44

%

1.49

%

1.39

%

1.31

%

After expense reimbursements

1.25

%(b) 

1.26

%(b) 

1.26

%(b) 

1.25

%(b) 

1.24

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

Before expense reimbursements

0.33

%

0.58

%

0.75

%

0.78

%

0.77

%

After expense reimbursements

0.60

%

0.76

%

0.98

%

0.92

%

0.84

%

Portfolio turnover

15

%

10

%

8

%

13

%

10

%

  

(a) Calculated based upon average shares outstanding.

(b) CCO fees are not included in the expense limitation.

49

The United States Treasury Trust
Direct Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$1.00

$1.00

$1.00

$1.00

$1.00

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

0.01

0.02

0.01

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

(b) 

Total from investment operations

0.01

0.02

0.01

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.01

)

(0.02

)

(0.01

)

(b) 

Distributions from capital gains

Total distributions

(0.01

)

(0.02

)

(0.01

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$1.00

$1.00

$1.00

$1.00

$1.00

 

Total return

0.00

%

0.67

%

1.75

%

0.98

%

0.03

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year or period (000s)

$37,276

$36,917

$37,479

$53,079

$57,149

Ratio of expenses to average net assets:

Before expense reimbursements

0.77

%

0.78

%

0.77

%

0.77

%

0.71

%

After expense reimbursements

0.07

%(c) 

0.45

%(c) 

0.55

%(c) 

0.46

%(d) 

0.52

%(d) 

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

Before expense reimbursements

(0.70

)%

0.35

%

1.51

%

0.65

%

(0.16

)%

After expense reimbursements

0.00

%

0.68

%

1.73

%

0.96

%(d) 

0.03

%(d) 

  

(a) Calculated based upon average shares outstanding.

(b) Less than $0.01 per share.

(c) CCO Fees are not included in the expense limitation.

(d) Includes negative yield waiver adjustment.

50

Shelton Green Alpha Fund
Direct Shares

Year Ended
August 31,
2021

Year Ended
August 31,
2020

Year Ended
August 31,
2019

Year Ended
August 31,
2018

Year Ended
August 31,
2017

Net asset value, beginning of year

$29.65

$18.44

$17.20

$17.32

$14.53

INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

Net investment income/(loss)(a) 

(0.08

)

(0.01

)

0.03

0.05

0.02

Net gain/(loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized)

19.95

11.24

1.47

0.34

2.77

Total from investment operations

19.87

11.23

1.50

0.39

2.79

LESS DISTRIBUTIONS

Dividends from net investment income

(0.02

)

(0.02

)

(0.05

)

Distributions from capital gains

(0.45

)

(0.24

)

(0.46

)

(b) 

Total distributions

(0.45

)

(0.02

)

(0.26

)

(0.51

)

Net asset value, end of year or period

$49.07

$29.65

$18.44

$17.20

$17.32

 

Total return

67.36

%

60.93

%

8.91

%

2.19

%

19.20

%

 

RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Net assets, end of year (000s)

$343,542

$91,607

$56,567

$49,366

$40,256

Ratio of expenses to average net assets:

Before expense reimbursements

1.16

%

1.28

%

1.34

%

1.30

%

1.30

%

After expense reimbursements

1.16

%

1.28

%

1.34

%

1.30

%

1.30

%

Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets

Before expense reimbursements

(0.35

)%

(0.05

)%

0.15

%

0.30

%

0.13

%

After expense reimbursements

(0.35

)%

(0.05

)%

0.15

%

0.30

%

0.13

%

Portfolio turnover

12

%

27

%

12

%

13

%

24

%

  

(a) Calculated based upon average shares outstanding.

(b) Less than $0.01 per share.

51

Learn More

This Prospectus contains important information on the Funds and should be read and kept for future reference. You can also get more information from the following sources:

Annual and Semi-Annual Reports

Additional information about the Funds’ investments is available in the Funds’ annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders. In the Funds’ annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Funds’ performance during its last fiscal year. The Annual Report is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus, making it a legal part of the Prospectus.

Statement of Additional Information

The Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) provides more detailed information about the Funds. The SAI is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus, making it a legal part of the Prospectus.

How to Obtain Additional Information

You may obtain copies of shareholder reports or the SAI free of charge by calling the Funds at (800) 955-9988, by accessing the Funds’ website at www.sheltoncap.com, or by emailing the Funds at info@sheltoncap.com.

The Funds’ reports and other information about the Funds are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov. Copies of this information may also be obtained, after paying a duplication fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.

Investment Company Act File No.  811-04417

 

 

 

 

1875 Lawrence Street, Suite 300 

Denver, CO 80202 

(800) 955-9988 

www.sheltoncap.com 

Investment Company Act File Number 811-04417

 

SHELTON FUNDS 

1875 Lawrence Street, Suite 300 

Denver, CO 80202. 

(800) 955-9988 

 

Statement of Additional Information – January 1, 2022

 

Ticker Symbols

Green California Tax-Free Income Fund CFNTX
S&P 500 Index Fund – Direct Shares SPFIX
S&P 500 Index Fund – Class K Shares SPXKX
S&P MidCap Index Fund – Direct Shares SPMIX
S&P MidCap Index Fund – Class K Shares MIDKX
S&P SmallCap Index Fund – Direct Shares SMCIX
S&P SmallCap Index Fund – Class K Shares SMLKX
Shelton Equity Income Fund – Direct Shares EQTIX
Shelton Equity Income Fund – Class K Shares EQTKX
Nasdaq-100 Index Fund – Direct Shares NASDX
Nasdaq-100 Index Fund – Class K Shares KDXKX
Green Alpha Fund NEXTX
U.S. Government Securities Fund – Direct Shares CAUSX
U.S. Government Securities Fund – Class K Shares CAUKX
The United States Treasury Trust – Direct Shares UTSXX

 

This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a Prospectus, but provides additional information regarding the funds listed above (each, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”). Each Fund is a separate series of Shelton Funds, a Delaware statutory trust. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Funds’ Prospectus dated January 1, 2022 (as may be amended), which is incorporated by reference into this SAI. The Funds’ Prospectus and most recent Annual Report may be obtained from the at no charge by visiting http://sheltoncap.com, or contacting the Funds at the address or telephone number shown above. This SAI contains additional and more detailed information about the Funds’ operations and activities than the Prospectus.

 

 

 

Table of Contents

 

Investment Objectives and Policies of the Green California Fund 3
Description of Investment Securities and Portfolio Techniques  4
Investment Restrictions  18
Temporary Defensive Positions  21
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings  21
Trustees and Officers  22
Board Leadership Structure and Standing Board Committees  24
Code of Ethics  26
SHAREHOLDER BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP  27
INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT AND OTHER SERVICES  29
Portfolio Managers  34
Policies Regarding Broker-Dealers used for Portfolio Transactions  39
Additional Information Regarding Purchases and Redemptions of Fund Shares  42
FEDERAL INCOME TAXES  44
Taxation of the Funds  45
Sale or Redemption of Shares  49
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION  60
Financial Statements  61
Appendix  62

 

About Shelton Funds

 

Shelton Funds is an open-end management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust (“the “Trust”). The Trust issues its shares of beneficial interest with no par value in different series, each known as a “Fund”. Shares of each Fund represent equal proportionate interest in the assets of that Fund only, and have identical voting, dividend, redemption, liquidation and other rights. Shareholders have no preemptive or other right to subscribe to any additional shares.

 

The Trust originally was organized as two separate Massachusetts business trusts formed by Declarations of Trust dated September 11, 1985, as subsequently amended, and was reorganized into a single Delaware statutory trust after the close of trading on December 29, 2006. The Trust was renamed Shelton Funds on November 22, 2011.

 

2 

 

The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), classifies mutual funds as either “diversified” or “non-diversified.” Each Fund is classified as “diversified.”

 

Currently, the Trust has nine (9) Funds, each of which maintains an entirely separate investment portfolio: the Green California Tax-Free Income Fund (the “Green California Fund”), the S&P 500 Index Fund (the “500 Fund”), S&P MidCap Index Fund (the “MidCap Fund”), the S&P SmallCap Index Fund (the “SmallCap Fund”), the Shelton Equity Income Fund (the “Equity Income Fund”), the Nasdaq-100 Index Fund (the “Nasdaq-100 Fund”), the Shelton Green Alpha Fund (the “Green Alpha Fund”), the U.S. Government Securities Fund (the “US Government Fund”), and The United States Treasury Trust (the “Treasury Trust”). Prior to May 19, 2021, the Equity Income Fund was known as the “Shelton Core Value Fund.” The following chart reflects the collective grouping of each Fund as referenced in this Statement of Additional Information.

 

“Tax-Free Funds” collectively includes: “Index Funds” collectively includes: “Stock Funds” collectively includes: “Government Funds”
collectively includes:
Green California Fund 500 Fund MidCap Fund SmallCap Fund Nasdaq-100Fund Treasury Fund The Index Funds Equity Income Fund Green Alpha Fund U.S. Government Securities Fund
The United States
Treasury Fund 

 

All funds except the Green California Fund, the Green Alpha Fund, and the Treasury Trust offer multiple share classes. The Funds that offer Class K shares began offering an additional class of shares, Class K, on October 16, 2003, which principally differ from the undesignated class shares (which are referred to as Direct Shares) in the ways described below under the heading “miscellaneous information.”

 

Investment Objectives and Policies of the Green California Fund

 

The following information supplements the Green California Fund’s investment objectives and basic policies as set forth in the Prospectus.

 

The Green California Fund generally is as fully invested as practicable in municipal securities, although there may occasions when, as a result of maturities of certain portfolio securities or sales of Fund shares, or to meet anticipated redemption requests, the Fund may hold cash which does not earn income.

 

Under California law, a mutual fund, or series thereof, must have at least 50% of its total assets invested in obligations that produce interest that is exempt from California personal income tax if received by an individual (including California state and local obligations, direct obligations of the U.S. Government and obligations of certain U.S. territories and possessions) at the end of each quarter of its taxable year in order to be eligible to pay dividends to California residents which will be exempt from California personal income tax. Accordingly, as described in the Funds’ Prospectus, under normal market conditions, the Green California Fund attempts to invest at least 80% of the value of its net assets in securities exempt from regular federal and from California personal income taxes, and is not a separate tax preference item subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. Thus, it is possible, although not anticipated, that up to 20% of the Green California Fund’s assets could be invested in municipal securities from another state and/or in taxable obligations.

 

The Green California Fund seeks to reduce, to the extent possible, the credit risks of its portfolio by investing in California municipal securities having at the time of purchase one of the top four ratings, or if unrated, being of similar quality to one of the top four ratings provided by Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (“S&P”), Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or Fitch Ratings, Inc. (“Fitch”). These are considered to be “investment grade” securities, although securities rated BBB, Baa, BBB by S&P, Moody’s and Fitch, respectively, in the fourth highest category are regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay principal and interest but with greater vulnerability to adverse economic conditions and to have some speculative characteristics. No more than 20% of the Green California Fund’s total assets will be invested in securities in the fourth highest category.

 

3 

If the rating on an issue held in the Green California Fund’s portfolio is downgraded, Shelton Capital Management will consider such event in its evaluation of the overall investment merits of that security but such consideration will not necessarily result in the automatic sale of the security. When the Green California Fund invests in securities not rated by S&P, Moody’s, or Fitch, it is the responsibility of Shelton Capital Management to evaluate them and reasonably determine that they are of at least equal quality to securities rated in the four highest categories.

 

Description of Investment Securities and Portfolio Techniques

 

Municipal Securities

Discussed below are the major attributes of the various municipal and other securities in which the Green California Fund may invest and of the portfolio techniques the Green California Fund may utilize.

 

Tax Anticipation Notes are used to finance working capital needs of municipalities and are issued in anticipation of various seasonal tax revenues, to be payable from these specific future taxes. They are usually general obligations of the issuer, secured by the issuer’s taxing power for the payment of principal and interest.

 

Revenue Anticipation Notes are issued in expectation of receipt of other kinds of revenue, such as federal revenues available under the Federal Revenue Sharing Program. They also are usually general obligations of the issuer.

 

Bond Anticipation Notes normally are issued to provide interim financing until long-term financing can be arranged. The long-term bonds then provide the money for the repayment of the notes.

 

Construction Loan Notes are sold to provide construction financing for specific projects. After successful completion and acceptance, many projects receive permanent financing through the FHA under the Federal National Mortgage Association or the Government National Mortgage Association.

 

Project Notes are instruments sold by the Department of Housing and Urban Development but issued by a state or local housing agency to provide financing for a variety of programs. They are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, and generally are for periods of one year or less.

 

Short-Term Discount Notes (tax-exempt commercial paper) are short-term (397 days or less) promissory notes issued by municipalities to supplement their cash flow.

 

Municipal Bonds, which meet longer term capital needs and generally have maturities of more than one year when issued, have two principal classifications: general obligation bonds and revenue bonds.

 

General Obligation Bonds: Issuers of general obligation bonds include states, counties, cities, towns and regional districts. The proceeds of these obligations are used to fund a wide range of public projects, including construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, and water and sewer systems. The basic security behind general obligation bonds is the issuer’s pledge of its full faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to the rate or amount of special assessments. General obligation bonds are generally paid from a municipality’s general fund, so that the credit of the security is determined by the overall credit of the issuer. Economic and political events that negatively impact the municipality could also affect the value of the bonds issued by the municipality.

 

4 

 

Revenue Bonds: A revenue bond is not secured by the full faith, credit and taxing power of an issuer. Rather, the principal security for a revenue bond is generally the net revenue derived from a particular facility, group of facilities, or, in some cases, the proceeds of a special excise or other specific revenue source. Revenue bonds are issued to finance a wide variety of capital projects including: electric, gas, water, and sewer systems; highways, bridges, and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; and hospitals. Although the principal security behind these bonds may vary, many provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund which may be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuer’s obligations. Housing finance authorities have a wide range of security, including partially or fully insured mortgages, rent subsidized and/or collateralized mortgages, and/or the net revenues from housing or other public projects. Some authorities are provided further security in the form of a state’s assurance (although without obligation) to make up deficiencies in the debt service reserve fund.

 

Revenue bonds are generally paid from revenues generated from facilities or projects financed by the bond. Economic and political events which affect the ability to generate revenue could potentially impact the value of a revenue bond.

 

Industrial development bonds which pay tax-exempt interest are in most cases revenue bonds and are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to raise money to finance various privately operated facilities for business manufacturing, housing, sports, and pollution control. These bonds are also used to finance public facilities such as airports, mass transit systems, ports, and parking. The payment of the principal and interest on such bonds is dependent solely on the ability of the facility’s user to meet its financial obligations and the pledge, if any, of the real and personal property so financed as security for such payment. As a result of 1986 federal tax legislation, industrial revenue bonds may no longer be issued on a tax-exempt basis for certain previously permissible purposes including sports and pollution control facilities.

 

The quality of an industrial development bond is in part based on the corporation’s ability to make payments of principal and interest. Unfavorable developments that affect the ability or willingness for the corporation to make the payments could have an impact on the value of the bond.

 

There may, of course, be other types of municipal securities that become available which are similar to the foregoing described municipal securities in which the Green California Fund may invest.

 

Special Considerations Affecting Investment in California Municipal Obligations

 

Payment of interest and preservation of principal is dependent upon the continuing ability of California issuers and/or obligors of state, municipal and public authority debt obligations to meet their obligations thereunder. In addition to general economic pressures, certain California constitutional amendments, legislative measures, executive orders, administrative regulations and voter initiatives could adversely affect a California issuer’s ability to raise revenues to meet its financial obligations. The following is not an exhaustive list, constitutes only a brief summary, does not purport to be a complete description, and is based on information drawn from official statements and prospectuses relating to municipal securities offerings in the State of California that have come to the attention of the Green California Fund and were available before the date of this Statement of Additional Information. The Green California Fund has not independently verified such information.

 

5 

 

As used below, “California Tax-Exempt Securities” include issues secured by a direct payment obligation of the State of California and obligations of other issuers that rely in whole or in part on California revenues to pay their obligations, the interest on which is, in the opinion on bond counsel, exempt from federal income tax and California personal income tax. Property tax revenues and part of the State’s General Fund surplus are distributed to counties, cities and their various taxing entities; whether and to what extent a portion of the State’s General Fund will be so distributed in the future is unclear.

 

State Budgetary Considerations

 

The California Legislative Analyst Office (CLAO) publishes on an annual basis a fiscal outlook for the coming fiscal year (the “Fiscal Outlook”), based on the state’s laws and policies then in effect. It should be noted that the Fiscal Outlook does not purport to predict how the California government may act to change those laws or policies.

 

According to the Fiscal Outlook for 2022-23, California is expected to end the 2020-21 fiscal year with approximately$12.8 billion in total reserves. For the 2021-22 fiscal year, the CLAO projects approximately $17.7 billion in total reserves. For the 2022-23 fiscal year, the CLAO projects approximately $21.8 billion in total reserves The Fiscal Outlook estimates a surplus of $31 billion in 2022-23, driven by higher revenues across 2020-21 and 2021-22 compared to Budget Act estimates, higher spending on schools and community colleges, lower other spending, and an operating surplus, but notes that the actual surplus will be different.

  

The Fiscal Outlook includes that under CLAO’s revenue estimates for 2022-23, the balance of California’s constitutional reserve would reach about 10% of revenues and transfers by the end of that fiscal year, and in order to balance of the state’s total reserves to their pre-pandemic level of 13 percent of revenues and transfers, the Legislature would need to make additional, discretionary deposits into one of its reserves.

 

The Fiscal Outlook includes that if current revenue collection conditions persist in December and January 2021, the Legislature may want to seriously consider, early in the year, how it plans to meet the State Appropriations Limit (“SAL”) requirements for 2020-21 and 2021-22.

 

On the expenditure side, the Fiscal Outlook for 2022-23 states that expenditures could be somewhat lower, increasing the surplus described above. Some key areas where expenditures could be lower identified by the Fiscal Outlook include: Medi-Cal, Medicaid Programs, Pensions, California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs), but includes that there are some areas where the outlook may underestimate costs, including natural disasters such as wildfires.

  

According to the office of the California State Treasurer, as of December 15, 2021, Fitch Ratings rated the State’s general obligation bonds “AA”, Moody’s Investors Service rated the State’s general obligation bonds “Aa2”, and Standard & Poor’s rated the State’s general obligation bonds “AA-”. It is not presently possible to determine whether, or the extent to which, Moody’s, S&P or Fitch will change such ratings in the future. It should be noted that the creditworthiness of obligations issued by local California issuers may be unrelated to the creditworthiness of obligations issued by the State, and there is no obligation on the part of the State to make payment on such local obligations in the event of default.

 

Issues Affecting Local Governments and Special Districts 

 

Proposition 13: Certain California Tax-Exempt Securities may be obligations of issuers that rely in whole or in part on ad valorem real property taxes for revenue. In 1978, California voters approved Proposition 13, which amended the State Constitution to limit ad valorem real property taxes and restrict the ability of taxing entities to increase property tax and other revenues. With certain exceptions, the maximum ad valorem real property tax is limited to 1% of the value of real property. The value of real property may be adjusted annually for inflation at a rate not exceeding 2% per year, or reduced to reflect declining value, and may also be adjusted when there is a change in ownership or new construction with respect to the property. Constitutional challenges to Proposition 13 to date have been unsuccessful.

 

6 

 

Propositions 98 and 111: These initiatives changed the State appropriations limit and State funding of public education below the university level by guaranteeing K-14 schools a minimum share of General Fund revenues. The initiatives also require that the State establish a prudent reserve fund for public education.

 

Appropriations Limit: Many units of local government -- cities, counties, K-12 school districts, community college districts, and special districts are subject to statutory annual appropriations limits. If an entity’s revenues in any year exceed the limit, the excess must be returned to the public through a reduction of tax rates or as a fee reduction.

 

Natural Disaster Costs: As discussed in the Fiscal Outlook, throughout 2020 and 2021, the federal government took actions and passed legislation that impacted California’s budget, including American Rescue Plan (ARP) Act fiscal relief funds, enhanced federal match for Medicaid, and enhanced federal match for home-and community-based services. As noted above, the state may incur costs related to wildfires that underestimate costs.

 

Conclusion: The aforementioned list outlines some considerations that are most likely to impact holders of municipal bonds. The effect of Constitutional and statutory changes and of budget developments on the ability of California issuers to pay interest and principal on their obligations remains unclear, and may depend upon whether a particular bond is a general obligation or limited obligation bond (limited obligation bonds being generally less affected). The Green California Fund’s concentration in California tax-exempt securities provides a greater level of risk than a fund that is diversified across numerous states.

 

It is not possible to predict the future impact of the voter initiatives, State constitutional amendments, legislation or economic considerations described above, or of such initiatives, amendments or legislation that may be enacted in the future, on the long-term ability of the State of California or California municipal issuers to pay interest or repay principal on their obligations. There is no assurance that any California issuer will make full or timely payments of principal or interest or remain solvent. For example, in December 1994, Orange County, California, together with its pooled investment funds, which included investment funds from other local governments, filed for bankruptcy. In 2012, the California cities of Stockton, San Bernardino and Mammoth Lakes all filed for bankruptcy. Moreover, during periods of strong economic growth, the State and local governments come under increased pressure from public employee unions for improved compensation and retirement benefits, which add more stress to the relevant entities’ finances during subsequent economic slowdowns.

 

Certain tax-exempt securities in which the Fund may invest may be obligations payable solely from the revenues of specific institutions, or may be secured by specific properties, which are subject to provisions of California law that could adversely affect the holders of such obligations. For example, the revenues of California health care institutions may be subject to changes in state or federal laws, and California law limits the remedies of a creditor secured by a mortgage or deed of trust on real property.

 

Additional Issues

 

Mortgages and Deeds of Trust: The Green California Fund may invest in issues that are secured in whole or in part by mortgages or deeds of trust on real property. California law limits the remedies of a creditor secured by a mortgage or a deed of trust, which may result in delays in the flow of revenues to, and debt service paid by an issuer.

 

Lease Financing: Some local governments and districts finance certain activities through lease arrangements. It is uncertain whether such lease financing are debt that requires voter approval.

 

7 

 

Seismic Risk: It is impossible to predict the time, location, or magnitude of a major earthquake or its effect on the California economy. In 1989, a major earthquake struck in the San Francisco metropolitan area causing significant infrastructure damage. In January 1994, a major earthquake struck Los Angeles, causing significant damage to structures and facilities in a four-county area. The possibility exists that another such earthquake could create a major dislocation of the California economy.

 

Terrorism: It is impossible to predict the timing or economic impact of an act of terrorism. The Federal, State, and local authorities have greatly stepped up security at major landmarks and infrastructure points since September 11, 2001, but the possibility of major acts of terrorism is an ongoing risk.

 

Variable Rate Demand Notes 

 

Variable Rate Demand Notes (“VRDNs”) are tax-exempt obligations which contain a floating or variable interest rate adjustment formula and an unconditional right of demand to receive payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest upon a short notice period prior to specified dates, generally at 30, 60, 90, 180, or 365 day intervals. The interest rates are adjustable at intervals ranging from daily to six months. Adjustment formulas are designed to maintain the market value of the VRDN at approximately the par value of the VRDN upon the adjustment date. The adjustments are typically based upon the prime rate of a bank or some other appropriate interest rate adjustment index.

 

The Green California Fund may also invest in VRDNs in the form of participation interests (“Participating VRDNs”) in variable rate tax-exempt obligations held by a financial institution, typically a commercial bank (“institution”). Participating VRDNs provide the Green California Fund with a specified undivided interest (up to 100%) of the underlying obligation and the right to demand payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest on the Participating VRDNs from the institution upon a specified number of days’ notice, not to exceed seven days. In addition, the Participating VRDN is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit or guaranty of the institution. The Green California Fund have an undivided interest in the underlying obligation and thus participate on the same basis as the institution in such obligation except that the institution typically retains fees out of the interest paid on the obligation for servicing the obligation, providing the letter of credit and issuing the repurchase commitment.

 

VRDN’s may be unrated or rated and their creditworthiness may be a function of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the institution furnishing the irrevocable letter of credit, or both. Accordingly, the Green California Fund may invest in such VRDN’s the issuers or underlying institutions of which Shelton Capital Management believes are creditworthy and satisfy the quality requirements of the Green California Fund. Shelton Capital Management will continuously monitor the creditworthiness of the issuer of such securities and the underlying institution.

 

Periods of high inflation and periods of economic slowdown, together with the fiscal measures adopted to attempt to deal with them, have caused wide fluctuations in interest rates. While the value of the underlying VRDN may change with changes in interest rates generally, the variable rate nature of the underlying VRDN should tend to reduce changes in the value of the instruments. Accordingly, as interest rates decrease or increase, the potential for capital appreciation and the risk of potential capital depreciation is less than would be the case with a portfolio of fixed income securities. The Green California Fund may invest in VRDNs on which stated minimum or maximum rates, or maximum rates set by state law, limit the degree to which interest on such VRDNs may fluctuate; to the extent it does, increases or decreases in value may be somewhat greater than would be the case without such limits. Because the adjustment of interest rates on the VRDNs is made in relation to movements of various interest rate adjustment indices, the VRDNs are not comparable to long-term fixed rate securities. Accordingly, interest rates on the variable rate demand instruments may be higher or lower than current market rates for fixed rate obligations of comparable quality with similar maturities.

 

8 

 

For purposes of determining whether a VRDN held by the Green California Fund matures within one year from the date of its acquisition, the maturity of the instrument will be deemed to be the longer of (1) the demand period required before the Green California Fund is entitled to receive payment of the principal amount of the instrument, or (2) the period remaining until the instrument’s next interest rate adjustment. The maturity of a VRDN will be determined in the same manner for purposes of computing the Green California Fund’s dollar- weighted average portfolio maturity.

 

Obligations with Puts Attached: The Green California Fund may purchase municipal securities together with the right to resell the securities to the seller at an agreed upon price or yield within a specified period prior to the maturity date of the securities. Although it is not a put option in the usual sense, such a right to resell is commonly known as a “put” and is also referred to as a “stand-by commitment.” The Green California Fund will use such puts in accordance with regulations issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

 

Shelton Capital Management understands that the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) has issued a revenue ruling, Revenue Ruling 82-144, to the effect that, under specified circumstances, a registered investment company will be the owner of tax-exempt municipal obligations acquired subject to a put option.

 

The IRS has also issued private letter rulings to certain taxpayers (which do not serve as precedent for other taxpayers) to the effect that tax-exempt interest received by a regulated investment company with respect to such obligations will be tax-exempt in the hands of the company and may be distributed to its shareholders as exempt-interest dividends. The IRS has subsequently announced that it will not ordinarily issue advance ruling letters as to the identity of the true owner of property in cases involving the sale of securities or participation interests therein if the purchaser has the right to cause the security, or the participation interest therein, to be purchased by either the seller or a third party.

 

The Green California Fund intends to take the position that it is the owner of any municipal obligations acquired subject to a stand-by commitment or similar put right and that tax-exempt interest earned with respect to such municipal obligations will be tax-exempt in its hands. There is no assurance that stand-by commitments will be available to the Green California Fund nor has the Green California Fund assumed that such commitments would continue to be available under all market conditions.

 

U.S. Government Obligations, Other Securities and Portfolio Techniques

 

U.S. Government Obligations: U.S. Treasury obligations are issued by the U.S. Treasury and include U.S. Treasury bills (maturing within one year of the date they are issued), certificates of indebtedness, notes and bonds (issued with maturities longer than one year). Such obligations are backed by the full faith and credit pledge of the U.S. Government. Agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government are established under the authority of an act of Congress and include, but are not limited to, GNMA, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Bank for Cooperatives, the Farmer’s Home Administration, Federal Home Loan Banks, the FHA, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Federal Land Banks and the Federal National Mortgage Association. Obligations are issued by such agencies or instrumentalities in a range of maturities and may be either (1) backed by the full faith and credit pledge of the U.S. Government, or (2) backed only by the rights of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury.

 

Repurchase Transactions: The Green California Fund, the US Government Fund and the Stock Funds may enter into repurchase agreements with government securities dealers recognized by the Federal Reserve Board or with member banks of the Federal Reserve System. Such a transaction is an agreement in which the seller of U.S. Government securities agrees to repurchase the securities sold to the Fund at a mutually agreed upon time and price. It may also be viewed as the loan of money by the Fund to the seller. The resale price normally is in excess of the purchase price, reflecting an agreed upon interest rate. The rate is effective for the period of time in the agreement and is not related to the coupon rate on the underlying security. The period of these repurchase agreements is usually short, from overnight to one week. The U.S. Government securities which are subject to repurchase agreements, however, may have maturity dates in excess of one year from the effective date of the repurchase agreement. A Fund always receives as collateral U.S. Government securities whose market value, including accrued interest, is at least equal to 100% of the dollar amount invested by the Fund in each agreement, and such Fund makes payment for such securities only upon physical delivery or evidence of book entry transfer to the account of its custodian. If the seller defaults, the Fund might incur a loss if the value of the collateral securing the repurchase agreement declines and might incur disposition costs in connection with liquidating the collateral. A Fund may not enter into a repurchase agreement with more than seven days to maturity if, as a result, more than 10% of the market value of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in such repurchase agreements. With respect to the Green California Fund and the US Government Fund, Shelton Capital Management, on an ongoing basis, will review and monitor the creditworthiness of institutions with which it has entered into repurchase agreements. The current policy of the Stock Funds is to limit repurchase agreements to those parties whose creditworthiness has been reviewed and found satisfactory by Shelton Capital Management.

 

9 

 

When-Issued Purchases and Forward Commitments: New issues of U.S. Government securities and municipal securities may be offered on a when-issued basis. Accordingly, the Green California Fund and the US Government Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis. When-issued purchases and forward commitments involve a commitment by the Funds to purchase securities at a future date. The price of the underlying securities (usually expressed in terms of yield) and the date when the securities will be delivered and paid for (the settlement date) are fixed at the time the transaction is negotiated. Thus, the Fund bears the market risk of the security immediately following its commitment to buy the security. The value of the securities underlying a when-issued purchase or a forward commitment to purchase securities, and any subsequent fluctuations in their value, is taken into account when determining a Fund’s net asset value starting on the day the Fund agrees to purchase the securities. Therefore, if a Fund remains substantially fully invested at the same time that it has committed to purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis, its net asset value per share may be subject to greater price fluctuation. A Fund does not earn interest on the securities it has committed to purchase until they are paid for and delivered on the settlement date. Settlement of when-issued purchases and forward commitments generally takes place within two months of the date of the transaction, but delayed settlements beyond two months may be negotiated.

 

The Funds make commitments to purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis only with the intention of completing the transaction. If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, however, each Fund may dispose of or renegotiate a commitment after it is entered into, and may sell securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to that Fund on the settlement date. In these cases, a Fund may realize a capital gain or loss.

 

When a Fund enters into a when-issued purchase or a forward commitment to purchase securities, the Funds’ Custodian, U.S. Bank N.A. (the “Custodian”) will establish, and maintain on a daily basis, a separate account of that Fund consisting of cash or portfolio securities having a value at least equal to the amount of that Fund’s purchase commitments. These procedures are designed to insure that the Fund maintains sufficient assets at all times to cover its obligations under when-issued purchases and forward commitments.

 

GNMA’s are mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) representing part ownership of a pool of mortgage loans on real property.

 

The Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA” or “Ginnie Mae”) is a wholly owned U.S. Government corporation within the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (“HUD”). The main focus of Ginnie Mae is to ensure liquidity for U.S. Government insured mortgages including those insured by the Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”), the Veterans Administration (“VA”) and the Rural Housing Administration (“RHA”). The majority of mortgages secured as Ginnie Mae MBS are those guaranteed by FHA. FHA mortgagors are typically first-time homebuyers and low-income borrowers. The GNMA guarantee carries the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government and is considered to be the safest federal agency.

 

10 

 

A GNMA Certificate differs from a bond in that principal is scheduled to be paid back by the borrower over the length of the loan rather than returned in a lump sum at maturity. The US Government Fund may purchase “modified pass-through” type GNMA Certificates for which the payment of principal and interest on a timely basis is guaranteed, rather than the “straight-pass through” Certificates for which such guarantee is not available. The US Government Fund may also purchase GNMA Certificates that offer coupons with a variable rate - where rates periodically reset to a market rate, hybrid structures – where the coupon is fixed for a defined period of time, then coverts to a variable rate, or any other type which may be issued with GNMA’s guarantee. The balance of the US Government Fund’s assets is invested in other securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, including U.S. Treasury bills, notes, and bonds.

 

Securities of the type to be included in the US Government Fund have historically involved little risk of principal if held to maturity. However, due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary during the period of a shareholder’s investment in the US Government Fund.

 

GNMA Certificates are created by an “issuer”, which is an FHA approved lender, such as mortgage bankers, commercial banks and savings and loan associations, who also meet criteria imposed by GNMA. The issuer assembles a specific pool of mortgages insured by either the FHA or the Farmers Home Administration or guaranteed by the VA. Upon application by the issuer, and after approval by GNMA of the pool, GNMA provides its commitment to guarantee timely payment of principal and interest on the GNMA Certificates secured by the mortgages included in the pool. The GNMA Certificates, endorsed by GNMA, are then sold by the issuer through securities dealers.

 

The GNMA guarantee of timely payment of principal and interest on GNMA Certificates is backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. GNMA may borrow U.S. Treasury funds to the extent needed to make payments under its guarantee.

 

When mortgages in the pool underlying a GNMA Certificate are prepaid by mortgagees or by result of foreclosure, such principal payments are passed through to the GNMA Certificate holders (such as the US Government Fund). Accordingly, the life of the GNMA Certificate is likely to be substantially shorter than the stated maturity of the mortgages in the underlying pool. Because of such variation in prepayment rights, it is not possible to predict the life of a particular GNMA Certificate.

 

Generally, GNMA Certificates bear a nominal “coupon rate” which represents the effective FHA-VA mortgage rates for the underlying pool of mortgages, less GNMA fees and issuer’s fees. Payments to holders of GNMA Certificates consist of the monthly distributions of interest and principal less the GNMA and issuer’s fees. The actual yield to be earned by the holder of a GNMA Certificate is calculated by dividing such payments by the purchase price paid for the GNMA Certificate (which may be at a premium or a discount from the face value of the Certificate).

 

The portion of the payments received by the US Government Fund as a holder of the GNMA Certificates which constitutes a return of principal is added to the US Government Fund’s cash available for investment in additional GNMA Certificates or other U.S. Government guaranteed securities. The interest portion received by the US Government Fund is distributed as net investment income to the Fund’s shareholders.

 

11 

 

Lending Portfolio Securities

 

Each Fund may lend up to one-third of its portfolio securities to non-affiliated brokers, dealers, and financial institutions provided that cash or U.S. Government securities equal to at least 105% of the market value of the securities loaned is deposited by the borrower with the lending Fund and is maintained each business day. While such securities are on loan, the borrower will pay such Fund any income accruing thereon, and the Fund may invest or reinvest the collateral (depending on whether the collateral is cash or U.S. Government securities) in portfolio securities, thereby earning additional income. Each Fund will not lend its portfolio securities if such loans are not permitted by the laws or regulations of any state in which its shares are qualified for sale. Loans are typically subject to termination by a Fund in the normal settlement time, currently five business days after notice, or by the borrower on one day’s notice. Borrowed securities must be returned when the loan is terminated. Any gain or loss in the market price of the borrowed securities which occurs during the term of the loan inures to the lending Fund and its shareholders. A Fund may pay reasonable finders’, borrowers’, administrative, and custodial fees in connection with a loan of its securities. Shelton Capital Management will review and monitor the creditworthiness of such borrowers on an ongoing basis.

 

Fund

Green
California

Fund

US
Government

Fund

Nasdaq-
100 Index

Fund

Treasury
Trust

500 

Fund 

Gross income from securities lending activities (including income from cash collateral reinvestment)

N/A

N/A

$2,370.54

N/A

$87.46

Fees and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services           
Fees paid to securities lending agent from a revenue split ($436.83) ($16.68)
Fees paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split ($184.67) ($3.15)
Administrative fees not included in revenue split
Indemnification fees not included in revenue split
Rebates paid to borrowers
Other fees not included in revenue split 
Aggregate fees/compensation for securities lending activities   ($621.50) ($19.83)
Net income from securities lending activities $1,749.04 $67.63

 

Fund

MidCap

Fund

SmallCap

Fund

Equity
Income
Fund

Green
Alpha

Fund

Gross income from securities lending activities (including income from cash collateral reinvestment) $334.10 $2,008.98 N/A N/A
Fees and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services        
Fees paid to securities lending agent from a revenue split ($59.51) ($382.77)
Fees paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split ($35.22) ($96.28)
Administrative fees not included in revenue split
Indemnification fees not included in revenue split
Rebates paid to borrowers
Other fees not included in revenue split        
Aggregate fees/compensation for securities lending activities ($94.73) ($479.05)
Net income from securities lending activities $239.37 $1,529.93

 

12 

 

Stock Index Futures Contracts

 

The Stock Funds may enter into agreements to “buy” or “sell” a stock index at a fixed price at a specified date. No stock actually changes hands under these contracts; instead, changes in the underlying index’s value are settled in cash. The cash settlement amounts are based on the difference between the index’s current value and the value contemplated by the contract. An option on a stock index futures contract is an agreement to buy or sell an index futures contract; that is, exercise of the option results in ownership of a position in a futures contract. Most stock index futures are based on broad-based common stock indices, such as the S&P 500 and the MidCap Index, both registered trademarks of Standard & Poor’s Corporation. Other broad-based indices include the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index, S&P BARRA/Value, Russell 2000, Value Line Composite Index, Standard & Poor’s 100 Stock Index, The Nasdaq-100 Index, Dow Jones Euro Stoxx, and the MSCI (Morgan Stanley Capital International) Euro Index.

 

Additionally, each Stock Fund may take advantage of opportunities in the area of futures contracts and options on futures contracts and any other derivative investments which are not presently contemplated for use by such Fund or which are not currently available but which may be developed, to the extent such opportunities are both consistent with each Stock Fund’s investment objective and legally permissible for such Fund.

 

Shelton Capital Management expects that futures transactions for the 500 Fund, the MidCap Fund, the SmallCap Fund and the Nasdaq-100 Fund will typically involve the S&P 500 Index, the MidCap Index, the Russell 2000, and the Nasdaq-100 Index respectively. Futures transactions for the Equity Income Fund and the Green Alpha Fund may involve futures that track any major index for which Shelton Capital Management believes is in the best interest of the shareholders. The indices used may include, but are not limited to, the S&P 500, the MidCap Index and the Russell 2000 Index. Because the value of index futures depends primarily on the value of their underlying indices, the performance of broad-based contracts will generally reflect broad changes in common stock prices. Each Fund’s investments may be more or less heavily weighted in securities of particular types of issuers, or securities of issuers in particular industries, than the indexes underlying its index futures positions. Therefore, while a Fund’s futures positions should provide exposure to changes in value of the underlying indexes (or protection against declines in their value in the case of hedging transactions), it is possible that, in the case of hedging transactions, the price changes of a Fund’s futures positions will not match the price changes of the Fund’s other investments. Other factors that could affect the correlation of a Fund’s futures positions with its other investments are discussed below.

 

Futures Margin Payments: When the purchaser and seller of a futures contract enter into a contract, both are required to deposit “initial margin” with a futures broker (known as a “futures commission merchant,” or “FCM”). Initial margin deposits are equal to a percentage of the contract’s value, as set by the exchange where the contract is traded, and may be maintained in cash or high quality liquid securities. If the value of either party’s position declines, that party will be required to make additional “variation margin” payments to settle the change in value on a daily basis. The party that has a gain may be entitled to receive all or a portion of this amount. Initial and variation margin payments are similar to good faith deposits or performance bonds, unlike margin extended by a securities broker, and initial and variation margin payments do not constitute purchasing securities on margin for purposes of a Fund’s investment limitations. In the event of the bankruptcy of a FCM that holds margin on behalf of a Fund, that Fund may be entitled to a return of margin owed to it only in proportion to the amount received by the FCM’s other customers. Shelton Capital Management will attempt to minimize this risk by monitoring the creditworthiness of the FCMs with which the Stock Funds do business.

 

13 

 

Limitations on Stock Index Futures Transactions: Each Stock Fund has filed a notice of eligibility for exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”) and the National Futures Association, which regulate trading in the futures markets. Pursuant to Section 4.5 of the regulations under the Commodity Exchange Act, each Fund may use futures contracts for bona fide hedging purposes within the meaning of CFTC regulations; provided, however, that, with respect to positions in futures contracts which are not used for bona fide hedging purposes within the meaning of CFTC regulations, the aggregate initial margin required to establish such position will not exceed five percent of the liquidation value of each Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such contracts into which the Fund has entered.

 

Shelton Capital Management and Green Alpha Advisors, with respect to the Green Alpha Fund, also intend to follow certain other limitations on each of the Stock Fund’s futures activities. Under normal conditions, a Fund will not enter into any futures contract if, as a result, the sum of (i) the current value of assets hedged in the case of strategies involving the sale of securities, and (ii) the current value of the indexes or other instruments underlying the Fund’s other futures positions would exceed 20% of such Fund’s total assets. In addition, each Fund does not intend to enter into futures contracts that are not traded on exchanges or Boards of trade.

 

The above limitations on the Stock Funds’ investments in futures contracts, and these Funds’ policies regarding futures contracts discussed elsewhere in this Statement of Additional Information, are not fundamental policies and may be changed as regulatory agencies permit. Non-fundamental policies may be changed without shareholder approval.

 

Various exchanges and regulatory authorities have undertaken reviews of futures trading in light of market volatility. Among the possible actions that have been presented are proposals to adopt new or more stringent daily price fluctuation limits for futures transactions, and proposals to increase the margin requirements for various types of strategies. It is impossible to predict what actions, if any, will result from these reviews at this time.

 

Each Stock Fund may purchase index futures contracts in order to attempt to remain fully invested in the stock market. For example, if a Fund had cash and short-term securities on hand that it wished to invest in common stocks, but at the same time it wished to maintain a highly liquid position in order to be prepared to meet redemption requests or other obligations, it could purchase an index futures contract in order to approximate the activity of the index with that portion of its portfolio. Each Stock Fund may also purchase futures contracts as an alternative to purchasing actual securities. For example, if a Fund intended to purchase stocks but had not yet done so, it could purchase a futures contract in order to participate in the index’s activity while deciding on particular investments. This strategy is sometimes known as an anticipatory hedge. In these strategies a Fund would use futures contracts to attempt to achieve an overall return -- whether positive or negative -- similar to the return from the stocks included in the underlying index, while taking advantage of potentially greater liquidity than futures contracts may offer. Although a Fund would hold cash and liquid debt securities in a segregated account with a value sufficient to cover its open future obligations, the segregated assets would be available to the Fund immediately upon closing out the futures position, while settlement of securities transactions can take several days.

 

14 

 

When a Fund wishes to sell securities, it may sell stock index futures contracts to hedge against stock market declines until the sale can be completed. For example, if Shelton Capital Management anticipated a decline in common stock prices at a time when a Fund anticipated selling common stocks, it could sell a futures contract in order to lock in current market prices. If stock prices subsequently fell, the futures contract’s value would be expected to rise and offset all or a portion of the anticipated loss in the common stocks the Fund had hedged in anticipation of selling them. Of course, if prices subsequently rose, the futures contract’s value could be expected to fall and offset all or a portion of any gains from those securities. The success of this type of strategy depends to a great extent on the degree of correlation between the index futures contract and the securities hedged.

 

Asset Coverage for Futures Positions: Each Stock Fund will comply with guidelines established by the SEC with respect to coverage of futures and strategies by mutual funds, and if the guidelines so require will set aside cash and or other appropriate liquid assets (e.g., U.S. equities, U.S. Government securities or other high grade debt obligations) in a segregated custodial account in the amount prescribed. Securities held in a segregated account cannot be sold while the futures or option strategy is outstanding, unless they are replaced with other suitable assets. As a result, there is a possibility that segregation of a large percentage of a Fund’s assets could impede portfolio management or such Fund’s ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.

 

Correlation of Price Changes: As noted above, price changes of a Fund’s futures positions may not be well correlated with price changes of its other investments because of differences between the underlying indices and the types of securities the Fund invests in. For example, if a Fund sold a broad-based index futures contract to hedge against a stock market decline while the Fund completed a sale of specific securities in its portfolio, it is possible that the price of the securities could move differently from the broad market average represented by the index futures contract, resulting in an imperfect hedge which could affect the correlation between the Fund’s return and that of the respective benchmark index. In the case of an index futures contract purchased by the Fund either in anticipation of actual stock purchases or in an effort to be fully invested, failure of the futures contract to track its index accurately could hinder such Fund in the achievement of its objective.

 

Stock index futures prices can also diverge from the prices of their underlying indexes: Futures prices are affected by such factors as current and anticipated short-term interest rates, changes in volatility of the underlying index, and the time remaining until expiration of the contract, which may not affect security prices the same way. Imperfect correlation may also result from differing levels of demand in the futures markets and the securities markets, from structural differences in how futures and securities are traded, or from imposition of daily price fluctuation limits for futures contracts. A Fund may sell futures contracts with a greater or lesser value than the securities it wishes to hedge in order to attempt to compensate for differences in historical volatility between the futures contract and the securities, although this may not be successful in all cases.

 

Liquidity of Futures Contracts: Because futures contracts are generally settled on trade date, compared with a settlement period of up to three days for equity securities, the futures markets can provide superior liquidity to the securities markets in many cases. Nevertheless, there is no assurance a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular futures contract at any particular time. In addition, futures exchanges may establish daily price fluctuation limits for futures contracts, and may halt trading if a contract’s price moves upward or downward more than the limit in a given day. On volatile trading days when the price fluctuation limit is reached, it may be impossible for a Fund to enter into new positions or close out existing positions. Trading in index futures can also be halted if trading in the underlying index stocks is halted. If the secondary market for a futures contract is not liquid because of price fluctuation limits or otherwise, it would prevent prompt liquidation of unfavorable futures positions, and potentially could require a Fund to continue to hold a futures position until the delivery date regardless of potential consequences. If a Fund must continue to hold a futures position, its access to other assets held to cover the position could also be impaired.

 

15 

 

Real Estate Investment Trusts: A Fund may invest in shares of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”). REITs are companies that develop, own or finance real estate. Most specialize in a commercial property like apartments, offices, malls, clinics and warehouses. Some specialize in a city or region. Some finance real estate transactions by making loans or buying mortgages. REITs and real estate operating companies may be affected by changes in the value of their underlying properties or by defaults by their borrowers or tenants. Furthermore, these entities depend upon specialized management skills, have limited diversification and are, therefore, subject to risks inherent in financing a limited number of projects. In certain cases, the organizational documents of a REIT may grant the REIT’s sponsors the right to exercise control over the operations of the REIT even though the sponsor owns only a minority share, or a conflict of interest (for example, the desire to postpone certain taxable events) could influence a sponsor to not act in the best interests of the REIT’s shareholders. The organizational documents of many REITs also contain various anti-takeover provisions that could have the effect of delaying or preventing a transaction or change in control of the REIT that might involve a premium price for the REIT’s shares or otherwise may not be in the best interests of the REIT’s shareholders. REITs depend generally on their ability to generate cash flow to make distributions to shareholders, and certain REITs have self-liquidation provisions by which mortgages held may be paid in full and distributions of capital returns may be made at any time. In addition, the performance of a REIT or a real estate operating company may be affected by changes in the tax laws or by its failure to qualify for tax-free pass-through of income.

 

American Depository Receipts

 

Under normal circumstances, the Green Alpha Fund typically invests in sponsored and unsponsored ADRs. Such investments may subject the Fund to significant investment risks that are different from, and in addition to, those related to investments of U.S. domestic issuers or in the U.S. markets. Unsponsored ADRs may involve additional risks in that they are organized without the cooperation of the issuer of the underlying securities. As a result, available information concerning the issuer may not be as current as that for sponsored ADRs.

 

The value of securities denominated in or indexed to foreign currencies and of dividends and interest from such securities can change significantly when foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the U.S. dollar. Foreign securities markets generally have less trading volume and less liquidity than the U.S. markets, and prices on some foreign securities can be highly volatile.

 

Many foreign countries lack uniform accounting and disclosure standards comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies, and it may seem more difficult to obtain reliable information regarding an issuer’s financial conditions and operations.

 

Settlement of transactions in some foreign markets may be delayed or may be less frequent than in the U.S., which could affect the liquidity of a Fund’s investments. In addition, the cost of foreign investing, including withholding taxes, brokerage commissions and custodial costs, are generally higher than for U.S. investments.

 

Foreign markets may offer less protection to investors than U.S. markets. Foreign issuers, brokers, and securities markets may be subject to less government supervision. Foreign security trading practices, including those involving the release of assets in advance of payment, may involve increased risks in the event of a failed trade or the insolvency of the broker-dealer, which may result in substantial delays in settlement. It may also be more difficult to enforce legal rights in foreign countries.

 

16 

 

Investing abroad also involves different political and economic risks. Foreign investments may be affected by actions of foreign governments adverse to the interests of U.S. investors, including the possibility of expropriation or nationalization of assets, confiscatory taxation, restriction on U.S. investments or on the ability to repatriate assets or convert currency into U.S. dollars, or other government intervention. There may be a greater possibility of default by foreign governments or foreign government sponsored enterprises. Investments in foreign countries also involve the risk of local political, economic, or social instability, military action or unrest, or adverse diplomatic developments. There is no assurance that Shelton Capital Management will be able to anticipate these potential events or counter their effects.

 

Put and Call Option Strategies

 

The Equity Income Fund and Green Alpha Fund may use put and call option strategies. The option strategy may limit the upside performance of any position for which a call is sold and may increase costs when puts are purchased. When selling a call, the fund is effectively selling upside stock performance in exchange for immediate cash flow. In markets where a stock position goes up dramatically, this could cause the fund to under-perform its benchmark and the equity markets in general. When buying a put, the Fund is spending premium to protect the downward movement of the value of a position in the Fund’s portfolio. In the event the value of the position went up during the life of the put option, the option would expire worthless and the Fund will have lost the premium paid.

 

The Fund may buy or sell options in an effort to generate additional cash flow above and beyond the dividends paid by the stocks or hedge the portfolio from potential losses. A call option is a right for the buyer to purchase the stock from the Fund at a predetermined price. When the Fund sells a call option, the Fund is paid cash and the buyer of the option may exercise the right to purchase the stock at a fixed price over the life of the option. The Fund may do this in order to generate additional cash flow for one or more positions in the portfolio beyond the current dividend yield. A put option is the right to sell a stock to the seller at a predetermined price. When the Fund buys a put option, it pays the seller for the write to sell a stock at a predetermined price. The Fund may do this in order to protect the value of one or more positions in the portfolio. While there is no assurance that a strategy will work as planned, option strategies used by the Fund will generally be used in an effort to reduce the risk exposure of the Fund’s portfolio.

 

While there are several factors impacting option values, typically, the higher the share price relative to the strike price of the option and the longer the life of the option, the higher the call premium paid to the Fund.

 

Options on Securities, Securities Indices and Currencies

 

The Equity Income Fund and Green Alpha Fund may purchase or sell put and call options on securities in which it has invested, on foreign currencies represented in its portfolios and on any securities index based in whole or in part on securities in which the Funds may invest. In an effort to minimize risks, the Funds will usually not use options for speculative purposes or as leverage.

 

The Funds may purchase call options in anticipation of an increase in the market value of securities of the type in which it may invest or a positive change in the currency in which such securities are denominated. The purchase of a call option would entitle the Fund, in return for the premium paid, to purchase specified securities or a specified amount of a foreign currency at a specified price during the option period.

 

The Funds may purchase and sell options traded on U.S. and foreign exchanges. Although the Funds will generally purchase only those options for which there appears to be an active secondary market, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an exchange will exist for any particular option or at any particular time. For some options, no secondary market on an exchange may exist. In such event, it might not be possible to effect closing transactions in particular options, with the result that a Fund would have to exercise its options in order to realize any profit and would incur transaction costs upon the purchase or sale of the underlying securities.

 

17 

 

Secondary markets on an exchange may not exist or may be illiquid for a variety of reasons including: (i) insufficient trading interest in certain options; (ii) restrictions on opening transactions or closing transactions imposed by an exchange; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options; (iv) unusual or unforeseen circumstances which interrupt normal operations on an exchange; (v) inadequate facilities of an exchange or the Options Clearing Corporation (the “OCC”) to handle current trading volume at all times; or (vi) discontinuance in the future by one or more exchanges for economic or other reasons, of trading of options (or of a particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options on that exchange that had been issued by the OCC as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.

 

There is no assurance that higher than anticipated trading activity or other unforeseen events might not, at times, render certain of the facilities of the OCC inadequate, and result in the institution by an exchange of special procedures that may interfere with the timely execution of the Fund’s orders.

 

Securities of Other Investment Companies – Closed End Funds and ETFs

 

The Nasdaq-100 Fund and Green Alpha Fund may purchase closed-end funds and ETFs. Unlike open-end investment companies, closed-end funds issue a fixed number of shares that trade on major stock exchanges or over the counter. Additionally, closed-end funds do not stand ready to issue or redeem on a continuous basis. Closed-end funds often sell at a discount to net asset value. ETFs are traded on national exchanges similar to individual stocks. While a fund may offer to redeem at NAV, this feature is not available to anyone owning an ETF, except authorized participants. Applicable provisions of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) require that the Fund limit its investments so that, as determined immediately after a securities purchase is made: (a) not more than 10% of the value of that Fund’s total assets will be invested in the aggregate in securities of investment companies as a group; and (b) either (i) that Fund and affiliated persons of that Fund not own together more than 3% of the total outstanding shares of any one investment company at the time of purchase (and that all shares of the investment company held by that Fund in excess of 1% of the company’s total outstanding shares be deemed illiquid), or (ii) that Fund not invest more than 5% of its total assets in any one investment company and the investment company not represent more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of the investment company at the time of purchase. As a shareholder in an investment company, the Fund bears its ratable share of that investment company’s expenses, including advisory and administration fees, resulting in an additional layer of management fees and expenses for shareholders. This duplication of expenses would occur regardless of the type of investment company, i.e., open-end (mutual fund) or closed-end.

 

Investment Restrictions

Fundamental Investment Policies

 

Except as noted with respect to any Fund, the Trust has adopted the following restrictions as additional fundamental policies of its Funds, which means that they may not be changed without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of that Fund. Under the 1940 Act, a “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” of the Trust or of a particular Fund means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (l) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Trust or of such Fund, or (2) 67% or more of the shares of the Trust or of such Fund present at a meeting of shareholders if more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Trust or of such Fund are represented at the meeting in person or by proxy. A Fund may not:

 

  1. Borrow money or mortgage or pledge any of its assets, except that borrowings (and a pledge of assets therefore) for temporary or emergency purposes may be made from banks in any amount up to 10% (15% in the case of the Stock Funds) of the Fund’s total asset value. However, a Fund will not purchase additional securities while the value of its outstanding borrowings exceeds 5% of its total assets. Secured temporary borrowings may take the form of a reverse repurchase agreement, pursuant to which a Fund would sell portfolio securities for cash and simultaneously agree to repurchase them at a specified date for the same amount of cash plus an interest component. (As a matter of operating policy, the Funds currently do not intend to utilize reverse repurchase agreements, but may do so in the future.)

 

18 

 

  2. Except as required in connection with permissible futures contracts (Stock Funds only), buy any securities on “margin” or sell any securities “short,” except that it may use such short-term credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions.

 

  3. Make loans, except (a) through the purchase of debt securities which are either publicly distributed or customarily purchased by institutional investors, (b) to the extent the entry into a repurchase agreement may be deemed a loan, or (c) to lend portfolio securities to broker-dealers or other institutional investors if at least 100% collateral, in the form of cash or securities of the U.S. Government or its agencies and instrumentalities, is pledged and maintained by the borrower.

 

  4. Act as underwriter of securities issued by other persons except insofar as the Fund may be technically deemed an underwriter under the federal securities laws in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities.

 

  5. With respect to 75% of its total assets, purchase the securities of any one issuer (except securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government and its agencies or instrumentalities, as to which there are no percentage limits or restrictions) if immediately after and as a result of such purchase (a) the value of the holdings of the Fund in the securities of such issuer would exceed 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets, or (b) the Fund would own more than 10% of the voting securities of any such issuer (both the issuer of the municipal obligation as well as the financial institution/ intermediary shall be considered issuers of a participation certificate).

 

  6. Purchase securities from or sell to the Trust’s officers and Trustees, or any firm of which any officer or Trustee is a member, as principal, or retain securities of any issuer if, to the knowledge of the Trust, one or more of the Trust’s officers, Trustees, or investment advisor own beneficially more than 1/2 of 1% of the securities of such issuer and all such officers and Trustees together own beneficially more than 5% of such securities (non-fundamental for the Stock Funds).

 

  7. Acquire, lease or hold real estate, except such as may be necessary or advisable for the maintenance of its offices, and provided that this limitation shall not prohibit the purchase of securities secured by real estate or interests therein.

 

  8. (a) Invest in commodities and commodity contracts, or interests in oil, gas, or other mineral exploration or development programs; provided, however, that a Fund may invest in futures contracts as described in the Prospectus and in this Statement of Additional Information (Stock Funds only).

 

(b) Invest in commodities and commodity contracts, puts, calls, straddles, spreads, or any combination thereof, or interests in oil, gas, or other mineral exploration or development programs, except that the Government Fund may purchase, hold, and dispose of “obligations with puts attached” in accordance with its investment policies (all Funds except the Stock Funds).

 

  9. Invest in companies for the purpose of exercising control or management.

 

  10. (a) Purchase securities of other investment companies, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and as such securities may be acquired in connection with a merger, consolidation, acquisition, or reorganization (Stock Funds only, excluding the Nasdaq-100 Fund).

 

19 

 

(b) Purchase securities of other investment companies, except in connection with a merger, consolidation, acquisition, or reorganization (all Funds except the Stock Funds).

 

  11. Purchase illiquid securities, including (under current SEC interpretations) securities that are not readily marketable, and repurchase agreements with more than seven days to maturity if, as a result, more than 10% of the total assets of the Fund would be invested in such illiquid securities.

 

  12. Invest 25% or more of its assets in securities of any one industry, although for purposes of this limitation, tax-exempt securities and obligations of the U.S. Government and its agencies or instrumentalities are not considered to be part of any industry (both the industry of the issuer of the municipal obligation as well as the industry of the financial institution/intermediary shall be considered in the case of a participation certificate). Index funds may exceed this limitation and will invest in proportion to the underlying index.

 

  13. Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, except that this restriction shall not be deemed to prohibit a Fund from (a) making any permitted borrowings, mortgages or pledges, and (b) entering into permissible repurchase and futures transactions.

 

Non-Fundamental Investment Policies

 

In addition, each Stock Fund has adopted the following restrictions as operating policies, which are not fundamental policies, and may be changed without shareholder approval in accordance with applicable regulations. Each Stock Fund may not:

 

  1. Engage in short sales of securities.

 

  2. Invest in warrants, valued at the lower of cost or market, in excess of 5% of the value of a Fund’s net assets. Included in such amount, but not to exceed 2% of the value of the Fund’s net assets, may be warrants that are not listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) or American Stock Exchange. Warrants acquired by a Fund in units or attached to securities may be deemed to be without value.

 

  3. Enter into a futures contract or option on a futures contract, if, as a result thereof, more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets (taken at market value at the time of entering into the contract) would be committed to initial deposits and premiums on open futures contracts and options on such contracts.

 

  4. With the exception of the Nasdaq-100 Fund, invest more than 5% of its total assets in the securities of companies (including predecessors) that have been in continuous operation for a period of less than three years.

 

  5. Invest in puts, calls, straddles or spread options, or any combination thereof. (Excluding the Core Value Fund, the SmallCap Fund, the Nasdaq-100 Fund and the Green Alpha.)

 

Other than with respect to Number 11 above (illiquid securities), if a percentage restriction is adhered to at the time of investment, a subsequent increase or decrease in a percentage resulting from a change in the values of assets will not constitute a violation of that restriction, except as otherwise noted.

 

20 

 

Temporary Defensive Positions

 

In certain market conditions, some or all of a of a Fund’s securities may be sold and the proceeds retained as cash, or temporarily invested in U.S. government securities or money market instruments, if the Fund’s investment manager believes it is in the best interest of shareholders to do so. As of the date of this Prospectus, this has never happened; but if it were to occur, the investment goals of the relevant Funds might not be achieved.

 

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings

 

The Funds provide a complete list of their holdings four times in each fiscal year, as of the end of each quarter. The lists also appear in the Funds’ Semi-Annual and Annual Reports to shareholders. The Funds file the lists with the SEC on Form N-CSR (second and fourth quarters) and Form N-PORT (first and third quarters). Shareholders may view the Funds’ Forms N-CSR and N-PORT on the SEC’s website at sec.gov.

 

Occasionally, certain third parties—including the Funds’ service providers, independent rating and ranking organizations, intermediaries that distribute the Funds’ shares, institutional investors and others—request information about the Funds’ portfolio holdings. The Funds’ policy is to disclose portfolio holdings to third parties only if legally required to do so or when the Funds believe there is a legitimate business purpose for the Funds to disclose the information and the recipient is subject to a duty of confidentiality, including a duty not to use the information to engage in any trading of the Funds’ holdings or Fund shares on the basis of nonpublic information. This duty of confidentiality may exist under law or may be imposed by contract. Confidentiality agreements must be in form and substance acceptable to the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer, who must approve any new disclosure arrangements in advance. In situations where the Funds’ policies and procedures require a confidentiality agreement, persons and entities unwilling to execute an acceptable confidentiality agreement may only receive portfolio holdings information that has otherwise been publicly disclosed.

 

The Funds may provide, at any time, portfolio holdings information to their service providers, such as the Funds’ investment manager, transfer agent, custodian/fund accounting agent, financial printer, pricing services, auditors, counsel, and proxy voting services, as well as to state, federal, and foreign regulators and government agencies, and as otherwise required by law or judicial process. Government entities and Fund service providers are generally subject to duties of confidentiality, including a duty not to trade on non- public information, imposed by law and/or contract.

 

From time to time, officers of the Funds or Shelton Capital Management may express their views orally or in writing on one or more of the Funds’ portfolio securities or may state that the Funds have recently purchased or sold one or more securities. Such views and statements may be made to members of the press, shareholders in the Funds, persons considering investing in the Funds or representatives of such shareholders or potential shareholders, such as fiduciaries of a 401(k) plan or a trust and their advisers and rating and ranking organizations. The nature and content of the views and statements provided to each of these persons may differ. The securities subject to these views and statements may be ones that were purchased or sold since the Funds’ most recent quarter-end and therefore may not be reflected on the list of the Funds’ most recent quarter-end portfolio holdings disclosed on its website. Additionally, when purchasing and selling its securities through broker-dealers, requesting bids or offers on securities, obtaining price quotations on securities, as well as in connection with litigation involving the Funds’ portfolio securities, the Funds may disclose one or more of their securities. The Funds have not entered into formal nondisclosure agreements in connection with these situations; however, the Funds would not continue to conduct business with a person who Shelton Capital Management believed was misusing the disclosed information.

 

Shelton Capital Management provides investment advice to clients other than the Funds that have investment objectives that may be substantially similar to those of the Funds. These clients also may have portfolios consisting of holdings substantially similar to those of the Funds and generally have access to current portfolio holding 24 information for their accounts. These clients do not owe Shelton Capital Management or the Funds a duty of confidentiality with respect to disclosure of their portfolio holdings.

 

21 

 

Trustees and Officers

 

The Trustees of the Trust have the responsibility for the overall management of the Trust, including general supervision and review of the Funds’ investment activities. The Trustees appoint the officers of the Trust who are responsible for administering the day-to-day operations of such Trust and its Funds. The affiliations of the officers and Trustees and their principal occupations for the past five years are listed below.

 

Qualifications of Independent Trustees

 

Individual Trustee qualifications are noted in the table below. In addition, the following characteristics are among those that were considered for each existing Trustee and will be considered for any Nominee Trustee.

 

  Outstanding skills in disciplines deemed by the Independent Trustees to be particularly relevant to the role of Independent Trustee and to the Funds, including legal, accounting, the financial industry and the investment industry.

 

  No conflicts which would interfere with qualifying as independent.

 

  Appropriate interpersonal skills to work effectively with other Independent Trustees.

 

  Understanding and appreciation of the important role occupied by Independent Trustees in the regulatory structure governing regulated investment companies.

 

  Diversity of background.

 

22 

 

TRUSTEES

 

Name,
Address,
and Year
of Birth
Positions
Held
with
Fund
Term of
Office**
and
Length
of Time
Served
Principal
Occupation(s)
During Past 5
Years
Number of
Portfolios
in Fund
Complex
Overseen
by Trustee
Other
Trusteeships
Held
by
Director
Experience
Independent Trustees

Kevin T. Kogler*,

1966

 

Trustee Since 2006 Director MicroBiz AM LLC, (June 2015 to present); President & Founder of MicroBiz, LLC (2012 to present); Principal, Robertson Piper Software Group, (2006 to 2012); Senior Vice President, Investment Banking, FBR Capital Markets (2003 to 2006). 20 SCM Trust Experience in investment banking and technology industry. M.B.A.
             
Stephen H. Sutro*,
1969

Trustee

 

Since 2006 Managing Partner, San Francisco, Duane Morris LLP (law firm), (2014 to present); Partner, Duane Morris LLP (2003 to 2014). 20 SCM Trust Service on Boards for nonprofit organizations, J.D.
             
Marco L. Quazzo*,
1962
Trustee Since 2014 Principal, Bartko Zankel Bunzel & Miller, (March 2015 to present); Partner, Barg Coffin Lewis & Trapp LLP (law firm), (2008 to March 2015). 20 SCM Trust Experience with risk management for mortgage banks, investment banks, and real estate investment trusts, J.D.
Interested Trustee1
Stephen C. Rogers*,
1966
President, Trustee, and Chairman of the Board Since 1999 Portfolio Manager, Shelton Capital Management (“Shelton”), (2003 to present); Chief Executive Officer, Shelton, (1999 to present) Secretary (1999 to November 2012) 20 SCM Trust Portfolio management and operations experience, MBA. ]

 

23 

 

OFFICERS

Name, Address* and Year of Birth Position(s) Held with Trust Term of Office** and Length of Time Served Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years
Gregory T. Pusch*,
1966
Chief Compliance Officer and Secretary Since 2017 Global Head of Risk & Compliance, Matthews Asia 2015-2016; Head of Legal & Regulatory Compliance/CCO HarbourVest Partners, 2012-2015; SVP, CCO, Pyramis Global Advisors, 2007-2011
       
William P. Mock*,
1966
Treasurer Since 2010 Portfolio Manager, Shelton Capital Management, 2010 to present; Portfolio Manager

1 Basis of Interestedness. Stephen C. Rogers is affiliated with Shelton Capital Management Capital Management, which is the investment advisor of Funds.
   
* The address of each Trustee and Officer is: 1875 Lawrence Street, Suite 300, Denver, Colorado 80202.
** Each Trustee serves an indefinite term, until such Trustees’ successor is elected and appointed, or such Trustee resigns or is deceased. The officers of the Trust are appointed by the Board of Trustees and shall serve until such officer’s resignation or removal.

 

The Board met four times during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021. Currently, the Board has an Audit Committee. The responsibilities of the committee and its members are described below.

 

Board Leadership Structure and Standing Board Committees 

Stephen C. Rogers currently serves as the chairman of the Board and has served in such capacity since 1999. Of the Board’s four members, Stephen C. Rogers is the only member who is an “interested person” as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act. 1 The remaining members are independent trustees. The independent trustees meet separately to consider a variety of matters that are scheduled to come before the Board and meet periodically with the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer and fund auditors. They are advised by independent legal counsel. No independent trustee may serve as an officer or employee of a fund. The Board has also established an Audit Committee, as described below. The Audit Committee is comprised solely of independent trustees. The Board believes that the current leadership structure, with independent trustees filling all but one position on the Board is appropriate and allows for independent oversight of the Funds.

 

Audit Committee: The Board has an Audit Committee comprised only of the Independent Trustees (currently, Messrs. Quazzo, Kogler, and Sutro). The Audit Committee has the responsibility, among other things, to (1) recommend the selection of the Funds’ independent auditors; (2) review and approve the scope of the independent auditors’ audit activity; (3) review the financial statements which are the subject of the independent auditor’s certifications; and (4) review with such independent auditors the adequacy of the Funds’ basic accounting system and the effectiveness of the Funds’ internal accounting controls. During the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021, there were eight meetings of the Audit Committee.

 

Risk Oversight by the Board 

As previously described, the Board oversees the management of the Funds and meets at least quarterly with management of Shelton Capital Management to review reports and receive information regarding Fund operations. Risk oversight relating to the Funds is one component of the Board’s oversight and is undertaken in connection with the duties of the Board. As described in the previous section, the Board’s Audit Committee assists the Board in overseeing various types of risks relating to the Funds. The Board receives regular reports from the Audit Committee regarding the committee’s areas of responsibility and, through those reports and its regular interactions with management of Shelton Capital Management during and between meetings, analyzes, evaluates, and provides feedback on Shelton Capital Management’s risk management processes. In addition, the Board receives information regarding, and has discussions with senior management of Shelton Capital Management about, Shelton Capital Management’s enterprise risk management systems and strategies. There can be no assurance that all elements of risk, or even all elements of material risk, will be disclosed to or identified by the Board.

 

24 

 

Compensation Table 

As shown in the following table, the total annual Trustee fees allocated to the Trust are equally divided between each series within the Trust and paid to the Trustees who are not affiliated with Shelton Capital Management. The fees are $6,250 per quarter for all series within the fund complex, a portion of which are series of the Trust. The table provides information regarding the Funds as of August 31, 2021.

 

Name/Position

Aggregate
Compensation from
Trust

Pension or
Estimated
retirement
benefits
accrued as Part
of Fund
expenses
Estimated Annual
Benefits Upon
Retirement
Total
Compensation
From
Trust
and Fund
Complex paid
to Trustee*
Stephen C. Rogers None None None None
President & Trustee        
         
Kevin T. Kogler $11,072 None None $25,000
Trustee        
         
Stephen H. Sutro $11,072 None None $25,000
Trustee        
         
Marco L. Quazzo $11,072 None None $25,000
Trustee        

* The Fund Complex includes all series of the Trust, currently 9, and any other investment companies for which any Trustee serves as trustee for and for which Shelton Capital Management or Green Alpha provides investment advisory services (currently 20 funds, and 0 funds, respectively).

 

Dollar Range of Fund shares beneficially owned in the respective Funds as of December 31, 2020:

 

  Income
Fund
Government
Fund
Nasdaq-100
Index Fund
Treasury
Trust
500
Fund
MidCap
Fund
Stephen C. Rogers None Above $10,001- $50,001- $1- 10,001-
  $100,000 $50,000 $100,000 $10,000 $50,000 
             
Marco Quazzo None None $50,000- None None None
  $100,000        
             
Kevin T. Kogler None None Above None Above None
  $100,000    $100,000   
             
Stephen H. Sutro None None $50,001- None $10,001- $10,001-
      $100,000   $50,000 $50,000

 

  SmallCap
Fund
Shelton Equity
Income Fund
Green Alpha
Fund
Stephen C. Rogers $1- Above None
  $10,000 $100,000  
       
Marco Quazzo None None None
       
Kevin T. Kogler None None None
       
Stephen H. Sutro $10,001- $10,001- None
  $50,000 $50,000  

 

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Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in all Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Director in Family of Investment Companies as of December 31, 2020:

 

  Shelton Capital
Management
Funds
Stephen C. Rogers Above $100,000
Marco Quazzo 50,000-100,000
Kevin T. Kogler Above $100,000
Stephen H. Sutro Above $100,000

 

Code of Ethics

 

The Trust, Shelton Capital Management and Sub-Advisor have each adopted a Code of Ethics pursuant to Section 17(j) of the 1940 Act and Rule 17j-1 thereunder (and Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended). RFS Partners, LP fulfills its obligations utilizing employees of Shelton Capital Management all of whom are subject to the Code of Ethics. Currently, the Code of Ethics prohibits personnel subject to the Code of Ethics from buying or selling securities for their own individual accounts if such purchase or sale represents $2,000, and if the securities at the time of such purchase or sale (i) are being considered for purchase or sale by a Fund (except the Index Funds) (ii) have been purchased or sold by a Fund within the most recent seven (7) days if such person participated in the recommendation to, or the decision by, the Fund to purchase or sell such security (except the Index Funds). Notwithstanding these prohibitions, there are limited circumstances in which personnel subject to the Code of Ethics may buy or sell securities for their own account (e.g. purchases which are part of an automatic dividend reinvestment plan). The Code of Ethics also requires personnel subject to the Code to report personal holdings to the Trust or Shelton Capital Management on both an annual and a quarterly basis.

 

Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

The Board of Trustees of the Trust has delegated to Shelton Capital Management the authority to vote proxies of companies held in the Stock Funds’ portfolios. Shelton Capital Management has entered into a proxy service agreement with Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc. (“ISS”) and intends to apply ISS’ pre- determined proxy voting guidelines when voting proxies on behalf of the Funds.

 

Shelton Capital Management recognizes that an investment advisor is a fiduciary that owes its clients, including the Funds, a duty of utmost good faith and full and fair disclosure of all material facts. An investment advisor’s duty of loyalty requires an advisor to vote proxies in a manner consistent with the best interest of its clients and precludes the advisor from subrogating the clients’ interests to its own. In addition, an investment advisor voting proxies on behalf of a fund must do so in a manner consistent with the best interests of the fund and its shareholders. The Board, in conjunction with Shelton Capital Management, seeks to balance the benefits of voting the proxies against the associated costs to the shareholders and have determined that entry into a third party proxy services agreement is in the best interest of the Trust and its shareholders. The Board will review its determination at least annually.

 

Shelton Capital Management seeks to avoid material conflicts of interest by voting in accordance with an independent third-party’s pre-determined written proxy voting guidelines (the “Voting Guidelines”). These Voting Guidelines vote proxies in an objective and consistent manner across client accounts, based on internal and external research performed by ISS without consideration of any client relationship factors. Further, Shelton Capital Management may engage a third party as an independent fiduciary, as required, to vote all proxies of the Funds, and may engage an independent fiduciary to vote proxies of other issuers at its discretion.

 

26 

 

All proxies received by the Funds are reviewed, categorized, analyzed and voted in accordance with the Voting Guidelines. The guidelines are reviewed periodically and updated as necessary to reflect new issues and any changes in Shelton Capital Management’s or ISS’ policies on specific issues. Items that can be categorized under the Voting Guidelines are voted in accordance with any applicable guidelines.

 

Proposals that cannot be categorized under the Voting Guidelines and raise a material conflict of interest between Shelton Capital Management and the Fund are referred to the Fund’s Board of Trustees. Specifically, Shelton Capital Management will disclose the conflict to the Board and obtain its consent to the proposed vote in question prior to voting the securities. The disclosure to the Board will include sufficient detail regarding the matter to be voted on and the nature of Shelton Capital Management’s conflict so that the Board would be able to make an informed decision regarding the vote. When the Board does not respond to such a conflict disclosure request or denies the request, Shelton Capital Management will abstain from voting the securities held by the Fund.

 

With regard to voting proxies of foreign companies, Shelton Capital Management weighs the cost of voting and potential inability to sell the securities (which may occur during the voting process) against the benefit of voting the proxies to determine whether or not to vote. With respect to securities lending transactions, Shelton Capital Management seeks to balance the economic benefits of continuing to participate in an open securities lending transaction against the inability to vote proxies.

 

When evaluating proposals, Shelton Capital Management recognizes that the management of a publicly- held company may need protection from the market’s frequent focus on short-term considerations, so as to be able to concentrate on such long-term goals as productivity and development of competitive products and services. In addition, Shelton Capital Management generally supports proposals designed to provide management with short-term insulation from outside influences so as to enable them to bargain effectively with potential suitors to the extent such proposals are discrete and not bundled with other proposals. Shelton Capital Management believes that a shareholder’s role in the governance of a publicly-held company is generally limited to monitoring the performance of the company and its management and voting on matters which properly come to a shareholder vote. However, Shelton Capital Management generally opposes proposals designed to insulate an issuer’s management unnecessarily from the wishes of a majority of shareholders. Accordingly, Shelton Capital Management generally votes in accordance with management on issues that, at Shelton Capital Management’s sole discretion, it believes neither unduly limits the rights and privileges of shareholders nor adversely affects the value of the investment.

 

Information regarding how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30, 2021 is available (1) by calling the Funds at (800) 955-9988, or (2) on the SEC’s website at http:///www.sec.gov.

 

SHAREHOLDER BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP

 

To the Trust’s knowledge, entities shown as owning more than 25% of the outstanding shares of a Fund are not the beneficial owners of such shares, unless otherwise indicated. A shareholder who owns beneficially 25% or more of the outstanding securities of a fund is presumed to “control” that fund, as defined by the 1940 Act. Such control may affect the voting rights of other shareholders. As of December 17, 2021, the following shareholders, to the Trust’s knowledge, owned beneficially more than 5% of a Fund’s outstanding shares, as noted:

 

27 

 

Share Class

Shareholder

Address

Percentage of Shares Owned
       
US TREASURY TRUST
Direct American National Insurance Co League City, TX 25.84%
       
S&P 500 INDEX FUND
Direct Charles Schwab & Co San Francisco, CA 8.71%
Direct National Financial Services New York, NY 5.64%
Direct TD Ameritrade Inc Omaha, NE 12.53%
Direct Merrill Lynch Jersey City, NE 11.17%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 15.35%
K TD Ameritrade Inc Omaha, NE 17.94%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 9.32%
K Ascensus Trust Co Fargo, ND 8.55%
K Ascensus Trust Co Fargo, ND 13.05%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 16.40%
 
MIDCAP INDEX FUND
Direct Charles Schwab & Co San Francisco, CA 6.15%
Direct National Financial Services New York, NY 5.95%
Direct TD Ameritrade Inc Omaha, NE 7.26%
Direct Private Shareholder San Gabriel, CA 5.67%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 6.05%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 22.88%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 8.17%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 11.54%
K Ascensus Trust Co Fargo, ND 8.39%
K Ascensus Trust Co Fargo, ND 25.38%
 
SMALLCAP INDEX FUND
Direct Private Shareholder Mercer Island, WA 16.95%
Direct National Financial Services New York, NY 5.26%
Direct TD Ameritrade Inc Omaha, NE 7.74%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 43.99%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 8.60%
K Ascensus Trust Co Fargo, ND 15.70%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 17.81%
 
US GOVERNMENT SECURITES FUND
Direct Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 6.50%
Direct SEI Private Trust Co Oaks, PA 13.61%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 5.31%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 57.12%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 10.66%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 13.14%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 7.64%
 
NASDAQ-100 INDEX FUND
Direct LPL Financial San Diego, CA 6.57%
Direct Wells Fargo St. Louis, MO 9.38%
Direct Charles Schwab & Co San Francisco, CA 24.40%
Direct National Financial Services New York, NY 16.86%
Direct TD Ameritrade Inc Omaha, NE 17.02%
K Charles Schwab & Co San Francisco, CA 22.06%
K TD Ameritrade Inc Omaha, NE 66.93%
 

 

28 

 

SHELTON EQUITY INCOME FUND
Direct Charles Schwab & Co San Francisco, CA 51.07%
Direct TD Ameritrade Inc Omaha, NE 15.58%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 42.96%
K TD Ameritrade Inc Omaha, NE 5.92%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 10.16%
K Ascensus Trust Co Fargo, ND 10.25%
K Matrix Trust Co Denver, CO 18.18%
 
SHELTON GREEN ALPHA FUND
K National Financial Services New York, NY 30.52%
K TD Ameritrade Inc Omaha, NE 8.67%
K Charles Schwab & Co San Francisco, CA 34.51%
 
GREEN CALIFORNIA TAX-FREE INCOME FUND
Direct Charles Schwab & Co San Francisco, CA 6.28%

 

As of December 17, 2021, the Trustees and Officers of the Trust, as a group, beneficially owned less than 1% of each class of each of the nine Funds.

 

INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT AND OTHER SERVICES

 

Management Services

Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated January 1, 2007, between the Trust on behalf of each Fund (except the Green Alpha Fund) and Shelton Capital Management, a California limited partnership, (the “Agreement”), Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to each such Fund. pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated March 8, 2013 between the Trust, on behalf of the Green Alpha Fund, and Shelton Capital Management (the “Green Alpha Agreement” and collectively with the Agreement, the “Agreements”), Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Green Alpha Fund. Shelton Capital Management is controlled by a privately held partnership, RFS Partners, LP, which in turn is controlled by a family trust of which Mr. Stephen C. Rogers is a co-trustee.

 

Pursuant to the Agreement, Shelton Capital Management supplies investment research and portfolio management, including the selection of securities for the Funds to purchase, hold, or sell and the selection of brokers or dealers through whom the portfolio transactions of each Fund are executed. Shelton Capital Management’s activities are subject to review and supervision by the Trustees to whom Shelton Capital Management renders periodic reports of the Funds’ investment activities.

 

Each Fund pays for its own operating expenses and for its share of the Trust’s expenses not assumed by Shelton Capital Management, including, but not limited to, costs of custodian services, brokerage fees, taxes, interest, costs of reports and notices to shareholders, costs of dividend disbursing and shareholder record-keeping services (including telephone costs), auditing and legal fees, the fees of the independent Trustees and the salaries of any officers or employees who are not affiliated with Shelton Capital Management, and its pro rata portion of premiums on the fidelity bond covering the Fund. Shelton Capital Management pays the sub-advisory fees of Green Alpha Advisors, LLC in respect of the Green Alpha Fund, and there is no other advisory fee paid by the Fund other than that described below.

 

29 

 

For Shelton Capital Management’s services, each Fund pays a monthly fee computed at the annual rates shown in the table below:

 

Funds Management Fee per annum Range of average daily net assets
of each fund
Green California Fund, 1/2 of 1% (0.50%) Up to and including assets of $100
US Government Fund, million 
Treasury Trust 45/100 of 1% (0.45%) over $100 million up to and
    including $500 million
  4/10 of 1% (0.40%) over $500 million
MidCap Fund 4/10 of 1% (0.40%) All assets
500 Fund 25/100 of 1% (0.25%) All assets
Green Alpha Fund 1.00% All assets
SmallCap Fund, Shelton Equity 1/2 of 1% (0.50%) Up to and including assets of $500
Income Fund, Nasdaq-100 Index   million
Fund 45/100 of 1% (0.45%) over $500 million up to and
    including $1 billion
  4/10 of 1% (0.40%) over $1 billion

 

The Agreement provides that Shelton Capital Management is obligated to reimburse each of the Funds (through a reduction of its management fees or otherwise) for all expenses (except for expenses such as front-end or contingent deferred loads, taxes, interest, brokerage commissions, short sale dividend expenses, expenses incurred in connection with any merger or reorganization or extraordinary expenses such as litigation) in excess of 1% for the undesignated class shares and 1.50% for the Class K shares of the Fund’s average daily net assets. Shelton Capital Management may also, and has to date for certain Funds, reduced its fees in excess of its obligations under the Agreements.

 

The following fees were paid to Shelton Capital Management:

 

For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2019:

 

Fund Fee
Reimbursement
Net to
Shelton
Capital
Management
Green California Fund $328,183 $— $328,183
US Government Fund 94,498 (43,929) 50,569
Treasury Trust 245,569 (108,593) 136,976
500 Fund 463,120 463,120
MidCap Fund 458,149 458,149
SmallCap Fund 366,836 366,836
Shelton Core Value Fund 788,495 788,495
Green Alpha Fund 485,219 485,219
Nasdaq-100 Index Fund 3,070,634 (1,448,548) 1,622,086

 

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For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2020:

 

Fund Fee
Reimbursement
Net to
Shelton
Capital
Management
Green California Fund $314,912 $— $314,912
US Government Fund 112,958 (40,952) 72,006
Treasury Trust 189,985 (127,093) 62,892
500 Fund 460,423 460,423
MidCap Fund 409,667 409,667
SmallCap Fund 288,326 288,326
Shelton Core Value Fund 739,808 739,808
Green Alpha Fund 650,329 650,329
Nasdaq-100 Index Fund 3,414,527 (1,405,450) 2,009,077

 

For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021:

 

Fund Fee
Reimbursement
Net to
Shelton
Capital
Management
Green California Fund $295,560 $295,560
US Government Fund 106,651 ($54,782) 51,869
Treasury Trust 188,362 (265,471) (77,109)
500 Fund 541,815 541,815
MidCap Fund 479,366 479,366
SmallCap Fund 308,244 308,244
Shelton Equity Income Fund 923,737 923,737
Green Alpha Fund 2,256,331 2,256,331
Nasdaq-100 Index Fund 4,810,416 (1,308,192) 3,502,224

 

The Agreement is currently in effect for a one year term, and will be in effect thereafter only if it is renewed for each Fund for successive periods not exceeding one year by (i) the Board of Trustees of the Trust or a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of each Fund, and (ii) a vote of a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the Agreement or an interested person of any such party (other than as a Trustee), cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such Agreement.

 

The Green Alpha Agreement is currently in effect for a one-year term, and will be in effect thereafter only if it is renewed for each Fund for successive periods not exceeding one year by (i) the Board of Trustees of the Trust or a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of each Fund, and (ii) a vote of a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the Agreement or an interested person of any such party (other than as a Trustee), cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such Agreement.

 

Each Agreement may be terminated without penalty at any time by the Trust with respect to one or more of the Funds (either by the applicable Board of Trustees or by a majority vote of the terminating Fund’s outstanding shares). Each Agreement may also be terminated by Shelton Capital Management with 60- days’ written notice and will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment as defined in the 1940 Act.

 

Investment Sub-Advisory Services

Green Alpha Advisors, LLC, is the investment Sub-Advisor to the Fund pursuant to a Sub-Advisory Agreement dated March 8, 2013, between Shelton Capital Management and the Sub-Advisor (the “Sub- Advisory Agreement”).

 

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The Sub-Advisor is a registered investment advisor under the Investment Advisors Act of 1940, as amended, and, as of August 31, 2021, managed and advised approximately $864 million in assets. The Sub-Advisor’s office is located at 287 Century Circle, Suite 201, Louisville, CO 80027.

 

Pursuant to the Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Sub-Advisor’s duties to the Fund include: (i) investment decisions and (ii) supervising the acquisition and disposition of investments and selecting brokers or dealers to execute these transactions in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and policies. The Sub- Advisor’s activities are subject to review and supervision by the Board of Trustees to which the Sub- Advisor renders periodic reports of the Fund’s investment activities.

 

The Green Alpha Fund pays for its own operating expenses and for its share of the Fund expenses not assumed by Shelton Capital Management and/or Sub-Advisor including, but not limited to, taxes and governmental fees, fees and expenses of the Fund’s custodian, agents, broker and dealers; expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition and disposal of the assets of the Fund, including brokerage commissions; expenses in connection with the exercise of the voting rights of the Fund’s shares; expenses relating to interest charges; expenses incurred regarding registration and transfer; and any litigation expenses.

 

For the services provided pursuant to the Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Sub-Advisor is entitled to receive from Shelton Capital Management, an advisory fee at an annual rate of ½ of 1% of the average daily net asset value of the Fund. Such fees will be calculated daily and paid by the 30th day following the end of each month. Shelton Capital Management has paid the Sub-Advisor:

 

August 31, 2021 $1,128,166
August 31, 2020 $325,165
August 31, 2019 $242,610

 

The Green Alpha Agreement became effective March 8, 2013, and will be in effect only if it is renewed for the Fund for successive periods not exceeding one year by (i) the Board of Trustees or a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, and (ii) a vote of a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the Sub-Advisory Agreement or an interested person of any such party (other than as a Trustee), cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Sub-Advisory Agreement.

 

The Sub-Advisory Agreement may be terminated without penalty at any time by the Fund (either by the Board of Trustees or by a majority vote of the Fund’s outstanding shares) upon sixty (60) days’ written notice and will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment as defined in the 1940 Act.

 

Administrative Services 

Pursuant to the Fund Administration Servicing Agreement, Shelton Capital Management (“Administrator”) also serves as the Funds’ Administrator. The Administrator is responsible for handling the administrative requirements of the Funds and, as compensation for these duties, receives fees of 0.10% on the first $500 million in combined assets of the Trust, 0.08% on the next $500 million in combined assets of the Trust, and 0.06% on the Trust combined assets over $1 billion. For the most recent three fiscal years ended August 31, 2021 the Shelton Funds paid Shelton Capital Management the following fees for services as Administrator:, $1,164,764 (2019), $1,093,611 (2020) and $1,492,733 (2021).

 

Restated Distribution and Services Plan 

The Trust has adopted a Restated Distribution and Services Plan (the “12b-1 Plan”) with respect to the K Class pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act. Specifically, the Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the 12b-1 Plan or in any agreement related to the 12b-1 Plan (the “Independent Trustees”), adopted the 12b-1 Plan. In Reviewing the Plan, the Board of Trustees considered the proposed range and nature of payments and terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Trust on behalf of each Fund and Shelton Capital Management and the nature and amount of other payments, fees and commissions that may be paid to Shelton Capital Management, its affiliates and other agents of the Trust.

 

32 

 

Under the 12b-1 Plan, each Fund pays distribution fees to the Fund’s distributor at an annual rate of 0.25% of the Fund’s aggregate average daily net assets attributable to its Class K shares, to reimburse the distributor for its expenses in connection with the promotion and distribution of the Class K shares. The 12b-1 Plan provides that the Fund’s distributor may use the distribution fees received from the Class K shares of the Fund covered by the 12b-1 Plan only to pay for the distribution expenses of that Class. Expenses include, but are not limited to: costs of payments, including incentive compensation, made to agents for and consultations to Shelton Capital Management, any affiliate of Shelton Capital Management or the Trust, including pension administration firms that provide distribution and shareholder related services and broker-dealers that engage in the distribution of the Class’ shares; payments made to, and expenses of, persons who provide support services in connection with the distribution of the Class’ shares and servicing of the Class’ shareholders; office space and equipment, telephone facilities, answering routine inquiries regarding the classes, processing shareholder transactions, providing any other shareholder services not otherwise provided by transfer agency or other servicing arrangements; all payments made pursuant to the form of Distribution Agreement; costs relating to the formulation and implementation of marketing and promotional activities (including but not limited to, direct mail promotions and television, radio, newspaper, magazine and other mass media advertising); costs of printing and distributing prospectuses, statements of additional information and reports of the Funds to prospective shareholders of the Class; costs of printing and distributing sales literature pertaining to the Class; and costs involved in obtaining whatever information, analyses and reports with respect to marketing and promotional activities that the Trust may, from time to time, deem advisable. For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021, the Funds paid 12b-1 fees as follows: US Government Fund, $4,098; Treasury Trust, $0; 500 Fund, $8,580; MidCap Fund, $3,164; SmallCap Fund, $7,773; Equity Income Fund, $3,482; Nasdaq-100 Fund, $84,263.

 

Shareholder Services Plan

The Trust has adopted a Shareholder Services Plan (the “Services Plan”) with respect to Class K. Shelton Capital Management serves as the service provider under the Services Plan and, as such, receives any fees paid by the Funds pursuant to the Services Plan.

 

The Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Services Plan or in any agreement related to the Services Plan (the “Independent Trustees”), adopted the Services Plan for the Class K shares of each Fund. Under the Services Plan, the covered shares of each Fund will pay a continuing service fee to Shelton Capital Management, the Fund’s distributor or other service providers, in an amount, computed and prorated on a daily basis, equal to 0.25% per annum of the average daily net assets of the covered shares of each Fund. Such amounts are compensation for providing certain services to clients owning those shares of the Funds, including personal services such as processing purchase and redemption transactions, assisting in change of address requests and similar administrative details, and providing other information and assistance with respect to a Fund, including responding to shareholder inquiries.

 

For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021, the Funds paid Shareholder servicing fees as follows: US Government Fund, $4,098; Treasury Trust, $0; 500 Fund, $8,580; MidCap Fund, $3,164; SmallCap Fund, $7,773; Equity Income Fund, $3,482; Nasdaq-100 Fund, $84,263.

 

33 

 

Portfolio Managers

 

The table below includes details about the type, number, and assets under management for the various types of accounts, and total assets in the accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the accounts that Messrs. Rogers, Falk, Mock, Martin, and Griebenow managed as of August 31, 2021:

 

Stephen C. Rogers        
Type of Account Number of
Accounts
Managed
Total Assets
Managed
Number of
Accounts
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Assets
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Registered Investment Companies 5 $1,903,521,000 $-
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Other Accounts

 

David S. Falk        
Type of Account Number of
Accounts
Managed
Total Assets
Managed
Number of
Accounts
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Assets
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Registered Investment Companies 2 $109,740,117 $-
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Other Accounts 72 49,653,071 5

 

William P. Mock        
Type of Account Number of
Accounts
Managed
Total Assets
Managed
Number of
Accounts
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Assets
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Registered Investment Companies 5 $171,048,488 $-
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Other Accounts 69 40,205,980

 

34 

 

Barringer H. Martin        
Type of Account Number of
Accounts
Managed
Total Assets
Managed
Number of
Accounts
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Assets
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Registered Investment Companies 1 $227,561,175 $-
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Other Accounts 671 518,749,297

 

Nick M. Griebenow        
Type of Account Number of
Accounts
Managed
Total Assets
Managed
Number of
Accounts
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Assets
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Registered Investment Companies 1 $227,561,175 $-
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Other Accounts 671 518,749,297

 

Anthony M. D. Jacoby*        
Type of Account Number of
Accounts
Managed
Total Assets
Managed
Number of
Accounts
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Assets
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Registered Investment Companies
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Other Accounts

 

* Anthony M.D. Jacoby will begin as a Portfolio Manager on January 1, 2022. All data for Mr. Jacoby is as of November 30, 2021.

 

35 

 

Sub-Advisor Portfolio Managers

The table below includes details about the type, number, and assets under management for the various types of accounts, and total assets in the accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the accounts that Messrs. Jabusch and Deems, managed as of August 31, 2021:

 

Garvin Jabusch        
Type of Account Number of
Accounts
Managed
Total Assets
Managed
Number of
Accounts
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Assets
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Registered Investment Companies 1 $343,055,288 $-
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles 24,541,711
Other Accounts 483 495,979,500

 

Jeremy Deems        
Type of Account Number of
Accounts
Managed
Total Assets
Managed
Number of
Accounts
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Assets
Managed for
which
Investment
Advisory Fee
is
Performance-
Based
Registered Investment Companies 1 $343,055,288 $-
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles 24,541,711
Other Accounts 483 495,979,500

 

Portfolio Manager Securities Ownership

The table below identifies the dollar range of Fund shares beneficially owned by each portfolio manager of such Fund, as of August 31, 2021.

 

  Green California
Fund
US
Government
Fund
Nasdaq-100
Index
Fund
Treasury
Trust
500 Fund MidCap
Fund
Stephen C. Rogers None Above None $50,001- None None
  $100,000   $100,000    
             
David S. Falk None None None None None None
             
William P. Mock None $10,001- $10,001- $50,001- $10,001- None
  $50,000 $50,000 $100,000 $50,000  
             
Barringer H. Martin None None Above None Above Above
  $100,000   $100,000 $100,000
             
Nick M. Griebenow None None $10,001- None None None
    $50,000      
             
Anthony M.D. Jacoby* None None $1-$10,000 None None $1-$10,000
             
Garvin Jabusch None None None None None None
             
Jeremy Deems None None None None None None

 

36 

 

  SmallCap
Fund
Shelton Equity
Income Fund
Green Alpha
Fund
Stephen C. Rogers None Above None
  $100,000  
       
David S. Falk None None None
       
William P. Mock $10,001- None $10,001-
  $50,000 $50,000
       
Barringer H. Martin Above None None
  $100,000    
       
Nick M. Griebenow None $1-$10,000 None
       
Anthony M.D. Jacoby* $1-$10,000 $1-$10,000 $1-$10,000
       
Garvin Jabusch None None None
       
Jeremy Deems None None Above
  $100,000    

 

* Anthony M.D. Jacoby will begin as a Portfolio Manager on January 1, 2022. Securities Ownership is as of November 30, 2021.

 

Potential Conflicts 

Individual portfolio managers may manage multiple accounts. Shelton Capital Management and the Sub- Advisor manage potential conflicts between the Funds and other accounts through allocation policies and procedures, internal review processes, including, but not limited to reports and oversight by management. Shelton Capital Management and the Sub-Advisor have developed trade allocation systems and controls to help ensure that no one account, regardless of type, is intentionally favored at the expense of another. Allocation policies are designed to address potential conflicts in situations where two or more accounts participate in investment decisions involving the same securities.

 

Compensation 

Compensation of portfolio managers of Shelton Capital Management includes a base salary, cash bonus, and a package of employee benefits that are generally available to all salaried employees. Compensation is structured to emphasize the success of Shelton Capital Management rather than that of any one individual. Compensation is not linked to the distribution of Fund shares or to the performance of any account or Fund. Some of the portfolio managers also participate in equity ownership of Shelton Capital Management. Each element of compensation is detailed below:

 

Base Salary: Portfolio managers are paid a fixed base salary that is intended to be competitive in light of each portfolio manager’s experience and responsibilities.

 

Bonus: Bonus payments are based on a number of factors including the profitability of the firm and the employee’s long-term contributions, full-time employees of Shelton Capital Management with sufficient tenure participate in an annual bonus program. Bonuses are not linked to the volume of assets managed or to measurements of relative or absolute investment returns.

 

37 

 

Incentive Compensation: The portfolio managers may receive incentive compensation based on revenue in relation to certain newly opened accounts.

 

Partnership interests: In the past Shelton Capital Management has made partnership interests available in its general partner, RFS Partners to employees of Shelton Capital Management. portfolio managers have participated in these offerings by purchasing interests in the partnership. Partnership interests may provide pass-through income of the firm’s profits and annual cash distributions based on each Partner’s proportionate profit sharing interest. Distributions are generally determined based on considerations of Shelton Capital Management’s working capital requirements and on estimated tax liabilities associated with the pass-through income.

 

Employee Benefit Program: portfolio managers participate in benefit plans and programs available generally to all employees, which includes a 401K plan and optional company matching provisions.

 

Compensation of the Portfolio Managers for the Sub-Advisor: Compensation of Portfolio Managers of the Green Alpha Fund (PMSAs) includes a base salary, cash bonus, and a package of employee benefits that are generally available to all salaried employees. Compensation is structured to emphasize the success of the Sub-Advisor rather than that of any one individual. The Sub-Advisor does not have any “incentive compensation” or “deferred compensation” programs for the PMSAs. Compensation is not linked to the distribution of Fund shares or to the performance of any account or Fund. Some of the PMSAs also participate in equity ownership of the Sub-Advisor. Each element of compensation is detailed below:

 

Base Salary. Portfolio managers are paid a fixed base salary that is intended to be competitive in light of each PMSAs’ experience and responsibilities.

 

Bonus. Bonus payments are based on a number of factors including the profitability of the firm and the employee’s long-term contributions, full-time employees of the Sub-Advisor with at least one year of tenure participate in the annual bonus program. Bonuses are not linked to the volume of assets managed or to measurements of relative or absolute investment returns.

 

Partnership interests. In the past, the firm has made partnership interests available in the Sub-Advisor to employees of the Sub-Advisor. PMSAs have participated in these offerings by purchasing interests in the partnership. Partnership interests may provide pass-through income of the firm’s profits and annual cash distributions based on each Partner’s proportionate profit sharing interest. Distributions are generally determined based on considerations of the Sub-Advisor’s working capital requirements and on estimated tax liabilities associated with the pass-through income.

 

Employee Benefit Program. PMSAs participate in benefit plans and programs available generally to all employees of Green Alpha, which includes a qualified, defined-contribution profit sharing plan and company match.

 

The above information regarding compensation of portfolio managers is current as of December 31, 2021.

 

Other Service Providers

 

Principal Underwriter. RFS Partners, a California limited partnership, is located at the 1875 Lawrence Street, Suite 300, Denver, CO 80202 and is the principal underwriter of each Fund’s shares under an underwriting agreement with each Fund, pursuant to which RFS Partners agrees to act as each Fund’s distribution agent. Each Fund’s shares are sold to the public on a best efforts basis in a continuous offering without a sales load or other commission or compensation. RFS Partners is the general partner of the Shelton Capital Management. The general partner of RFS Partners is Richard F. Shelton, Inc., a corporation that is controlled by a family trust, of which Stephen C. Rogers serves as a co-trustee.

 

38 

 

During the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021, the below compensation was paid by the Funds to the Distributor:

 

Name of Principal Underwriter

 

Net Underwriting Discounts and Commissions

 

Compensation on Redemptions and Repurchases

 

Brokerage Commissions

 

Other Compensation1

RFS Partners, LP

 

$0

 

$0

 

$0

 

$32,400

 

1

During the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021, the Trust began paying compensation to the Distributor at an annual rate of $4,500 per Fund for services. The payments began November 2020 at a prorated amount. For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021 such payments from the Trust totaled $32,400.

 

 

Transfer Agent and Fund Accounting Agent. Gemini Fund Services, LLC (“Gemini”), 17605 Wright Street, Omaha, NE 68130, acts as the shareholder servicing agent for the Trust and acts as the Trust’s Transfer Agent and Fund Accounting Agent. In such capacities it performs many services, including portfolio and net asset valuation, bookkeeping, and shareholder record-keeping. The fees paid to Gemini by the Shelton Funds for the past three fiscal years ended August 31 were $828,268 (2019), $745,842 (2020) and $687,576 (2021).

 

Custodian. US Bank N.A., 425 Walnut St, Cincinnati, OH 45202, as custodian of the securities and other assets of the Trust. The Custodian does not participate in decisions relating to the purchase and sale of portfolio securities. Under the custodian agreement, the Custodian (i) maintains a separate account or accounts in the name of each Fund, (ii) holds and transfers portfolio securities on account of each Fund, (iii) accepts receipts and makes disbursements of money on behalf of each Fund, (iv) collects and receives all income and other payments and distribution on account of each Fund’s securities and (v) makes periodic reports to the Trustees of each Trust concerning each Fund’s operations. As Foreign Custody Manager, the bank selects and monitors foreign sub-custodian banks, selects and evaluates non-compulsory foreign depositaries, and furnishes information relevant to the selection of compulsory depositaries.

 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Cohen & Company, Ltd., 1350 Euclid Avenue, Suite 800, Cleveland, OH 44115, is the independent registered public accounting firm for the Trust, subject to annual appointment by the Board of Trustees. Cohen & Company conducts an annual audit of the Funds’ annual financial statements, and performs tax and accounting advisory services.

 

Counsel. Davis Graham & Stubbs, 1550 17th Street, Suite 500, Denver, Colorado 80202 currently serves as Independent Legal Counsel to the Independent Trustees and counsel to the Trust.

 

Policies Regarding Broker-Dealers used for Portfolio Transactions

 

Decisions to buy and sell securities for the Funds, assignment of their portfolio business, and negotiation of commission rates and prices are made by Shelton Capital Management and the Sub-Advisor in the cases where a Sub-Advisor is employed by a Fund. It is each Fund’s policy to obtain the “best execution” available (i.e., prompt and reliable execution at the most favorable security price). If purchases made by the Funds are effected via principal transactions with one or more dealers (typically a market maker firm in the particular security or a selling group member in the case of an initial or secondary public offering) at net prices, the Funds will generally incur few or no brokerage costs. These dealers are compensated through the principal “spread,” and may also charge related transaction fees. Purchases of portfolio securities from underwriters may include a commission or concession paid by the issuer to the underwriter, and purchases from dealers will include a spread between the bid and asked price.

 

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Neither Shelton Capital Management nor the Sub-Advisor currently utilize soft dollar arrangements, but may do so in the future. However, in order to obtain additional research and brokerage services on a “soft dollar” basis, and in order to obtain other qualitative execution services that Shelton Capital Management believes are important to best execution, Shelton Capital Management may place over-the-counter (“OTC”) equity transactions and/or place fixed-income transactions with specialized broker-dealers with which they have a “soft dollar” credit arrangement, and that execute such transactions on an agency basis (“Brokers”). When Shelton Capital Management uses Brokers to execute OTC equity transactions and/or fixed-income transactions on an agency basis, Shelton Capital Management takes steps to ensure that the prices obtained in such transactions are competitive with the prices that could have been obtained had the transactions been conducted on a principal basis, i.e., directly with the dealers. However, the total cost (i.e., price plus/minus commission) of executing an OTC equity transaction and/or or a fixed income transaction through a Broker on an agency basis may be less favorable than that of executing that same transaction with a dealer because the Broker will receive a commission for its services, including for the provision of research products, services or credits. Shelton Capital Management will take steps to ensure that commissions paid are reasonable in relation to, among other things: (i) the value of all the brokerage and research products and services provided by that Broker and (ii) the quality of execution provided by that Broker. Accordingly, Shelton Capital Management uses Brokers to effect OTC equity transactions and/or fixed income transactions for the Funds where the total cost is, in Shelton Capital Management’s opinion, reasonable, but not necessarily the lowest total cost available.

 

In selecting broker-dealers and in negotiating commissions, Shelton Capital Management generally considers, among other things, the broker-dealer’s reliability, the quality of its execution services on a continuing basis, the financial condition of the broker-dealer, and the research services provided, which include furnishing advice as to the value of securities, the advisability of purchasing or selling specific securities and furnishing analysis and reports concerning state and local governments, securities, and economic factors and trends, and portfolio strategy. Shelton Capital Management considers such information, which is in addition to and not in lieu of the services required to be performed by Shelton Capital Management under the Agreements, to be useful in varying degrees, but of indeterminable value.

 

Green Alpha Advisors, as Sub-Advisor, selects brokers on the basis of parameters including execution capability, average commission rate, financial responsibility, and responsiveness to the needs of Green Alpha Advisors and its clients. Commission rate is an important consideration and the Sub-Advisor seeks to identify brokers offering lower-than-average direct execution costs to its client accounts. The aggregation or blocking of client transactions allows the Sub-Advisor to execute transactions in a more timely, equitable, and efficient manner and seeks to reduce overall commission charges to clients. The Sub-Advisor’s policy is to aggregate client transactions where possible and when advantageous to clients. In these instances, clients participating in any aggregated transactions receive an average share price while transaction costs are shared equally and on a pro-rata basis. For house accounts, employee accounts and accounts of family members managed by the Sub-Advisor, when applicable, trades are aggregated and allocated pro-rata among all other client accounts participating in the same strategy trade. An exception to this practice will occur if the house account, employee or family member account involves directed trading. In that case, the account will follow the Sub-Advisor’s standard trading rotation practices. Given the currently high volume of accounts under management with the Sub-Advisor that include brokerage in the custody arrangement, the Sub-Advisor does not typically aggregate together client accounts when executing changes to a given model account and accounts following that model. Therefore, when decisions are made to purchase or sell securities for client portfolios simultaneously, relevant transactions are not typically aggregated together, resulting in clients at different custodians receiving different average share prices for each strategy trade. The rotation of trade execution priority order between execution venues is tracked in a Trade Rotations spreadsheet maintained by the Sub-Advisor’s CFO/CCO.

 

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The Funds may pay brokerage commissions in an amount higher than the lowest available rate for brokerage and research services as authorized, under certain circumstances, by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Where commissions paid reflect research services and information furnished in addition to execution, Shelton Capital Management believes that such services were bona fide and rendered for the benefit of its clients. For the fiscal year ended August 31 of each year shown, the commissions paid are as follows: 

 

 

 

2019

 

2020

 

2021

500 Fund

 

$2,487

 

$4,972

 

$1,547

MidCap Fund

 

5,844

 

7,340

 

4,696

SmallCap Fund

 

6,982

 

12,493

 

3,594

Nasdaq-100 Fund

 

22,538

 

21,740

 

6,637

Equity Income Fund

 

68,527

 

100,760

 

75,931

Green Alpha Fund

 

6,444

 

15,822

 

55,519

 

If purchases or sales of securities of the Funds are considered at or about the same time, transactions in such securities will be allocated among the several Funds in a manner deemed equitable to all by Shelton Capital Management, taking into account the respective sizes of the Funds, and the amount of securities to be purchased or sold. It is recognized that it is possible that in some cases this procedure could have a detrimental effect on the price or volume of the security so far as a Fund is concerned. In other cases, however, it is possible that the ability to participate in volume transactions and to negotiate lower brokerage commissions or net prices will be beneficial to a Fund.

 

The SmallCap and Nasdaq-100 Funds experienced significant decreases from 2020 to 2021. Changes in the commissions year-over-year are due to the changing fund size, amount of shareholder activity and changes in portfolio composition. To a lesser extent, there are vagaries year-to-year in trade costs based on trade allocations made to different brokers, consistent with our best execution policies.

 

The Equity Income Fund transitioned its investment approach to the greater use of options related strategies in 2021 compared to 2020, and this resulted in brokerage commission being higher in 2021 than in 2020.

 

The Green Alpha Fund experienced significant increases in from 2020 to 2021. Brokerage commissions were higher in 2021 as compared to 2020, which resulted in increased trading activity, and therefore brokerage commissions also were higher in 2021.

 

Voting Rights

The Trust is not required, nor does it intend, to hold annual shareholder meetings. However, the Trust may hold special meetings for a specific Fund or for the Trust as a whole for purposes such as electing Trustees, changing fundamental policies, or approving an investment management agreement. You have equal rights as to voting and to vote separately by Fund as to issues affecting only your Fund (such as changes in fundamental investment policies and objectives). Your voting rights are not cumulative, so that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voting in any election of Trustees can, if they choose to do so, elect the Trustees. Meetings of shareholders may be called by the Trustees in their discretion or upon demand of the holders of 10% or more of the outstanding shares of any Fund for the purpose of electing or removing Trustees.

 

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Additional Information Regarding Purchases and Redemptions of Fund Shares

 

Purchase Orders

The purchase price for shares of the Funds is the net asset value of such shares next determined after receipt and acceptance of a purchase order in proper form by the Funds’ Transfer Agent. Once shares of a Fund are purchased, they begin earning income immediately, and income dividends will start being credited to the investor’s account on the day following the effective date of purchase and continue through the day the shares in the account are redeemed. All checks are accepted subject to collection at full face value in U.S. funds and must be drawn in U.S. dollars on a U.S. bank. Checks drawn in U.S. funds on foreign banks will not be credited to the shareholder’s account and dividends will not begin accruing until the proceeds are collected, which can take a long period of time.

 

Payments transmitted by wire and received by the Transfer Agent prior to the close of the Funds, normally at 4:00 p.m. Eastern time (1:00 p.m. Pacific time) on any business day, are effective on the same day as received. Wire payments received by the Transfer Agent after that time will normally be effective on the next business day and such purchases will be made at the net asset value next calculated after receipt of that payment.

 

Shareholder Accounting

All purchases of Fund shares will be credited to the shareholder in full and fractional shares of the relevant Fund (rounded to the nearest 1/1000 of a share) in an account maintained for the shareholder by the Trust’s transfer agent. Share certificates will not be issued for any Fund at any time. To open an account in the name of a corporation, a resolution of that corporation’s Board of Directors will be required. Other evidence of corporate status or the authority of account signatories may be required.

The Trust reserves the right to reject any order for the purchase of shares of any Fund, in whole or in part. In addition, the offering of shares of any Fund may be suspended by the Trust at any time and resumed at any time thereafter.

 

Shareholder Redemptions

Requests for redemption and share assignments may be sent to the applicable Fund at 1875 Lawrence Street, Suite 300, Denver, CO 80202, or for those with telephone redemption privileges, by calling the Fund at (800) 955-9988. For online redemptions, visit the Funds’ website at www.sheltoncap.com.

 

Redemptions will be made in cash at the net asset value per share next determined after receipt by the transfer agent of a redemption request in proper form, including all share certificates, share assignments, signature guarantees, and other documentation as may be required by the transfer agent. The amount received upon redemption may be more or less than the shareholder’s original investment.

 

The Trust will attempt to make payment for all redemptions within one business day, but in no event later than seven days after receipt of such redemption request in proper form. However, the Trust reserves the right to suspend redemptions or postpone the date of payment (1) for any periods during which the New York Stock Exchange is closed (other than for the customary weekend and holiday closings), (2) when trading in the markets the Trust usually utilize is restricted or an emergency exists, as determined by the SEC, so that disposal of the Trust’s investments or the determination of a Fund’s net asset value is not reasonably practicable, or (3) for such other periods as the SEC by order may permit for the protection of a Trust’s shareholders. Also, the Trust will not mail redemption proceeds until checks used for the purchase of the shares have cleared, which can take up to 15 days.

 

As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information, the Trust understands that the New York Stock Exchange is closed for the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, President’s Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas. The U.S. Government Securities Fund and The United States Treasury Fund will be open for business Columbus Day and Veterans Day. The Green California Fund will be closed in observance of Columbus Day and Veteran’s Day. On holidays in which the Custodian is closed, transactions will be processed on the following business day.

 

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Due to the relatively high cost of handling small investments, the Trust reserves the right to redeem, involuntarily, at net asset value, the shares of any shareholder whose accounts in the Trust have an aggregate value of less than $1,000, but only where the value of such accounts has been reduced by such shareholder’s prior voluntary redemption of shares. In any event, before the Trust redeems such shares and sends the proceeds to the shareholder, it will notify the shareholder that the value of the shares in that shareholder’s account is less than the minimum amount and allow that shareholder 30 days to make an additional investment in an amount which will increase the aggregate value of that shareholder’s accounts to at least $1,000 before the redemption is processed.

 

Use of the Exchange Privilege as described in the Prospectus in conjunction with market timing services offered through numerous securities dealers has become increasingly popular as a means of capital management. In the event that a substantial portion of a Fund’s shareholders should, within a short period, elect to redeem their shares of that Fund pursuant to the Exchange Privilege, the Fund might have to liquidate portfolio securities it might otherwise hold and incur the additional costs related to such transactions. The Exchange Privilege may be terminated or suspended by the Funds upon 60-days’ prior notice to shareholders.

 

Redemptions In Kind

The Trust has committed itself to pay in cash all requests for redemption by any shareholder of record, limited in amount, however, during any 90-day period to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the value of the applicable Fund’s net assets at the beginning of such period. Such commitment is irrevocable without the prior approval of the SEC. In the case of requests for redemption in excess of such amounts, the Trustees reserve the right to make payments in whole or in part in securities or other assets of the Fund from which the shareholder is redeeming in case of an emergency, or if the payment of such a redemption in cash would be detrimental to the existing shareholders of that Fund or the Trust. In such circumstances, the securities distributed would be valued at the price used to compute such Fund’s net asset value. Should a Fund do so, a shareholder would likely incur transaction fees in converting the securities to cash.

 

Determination of Net Asset Value Per Share (“NAV”)

The valuation of the portfolio securities of the Treasury Trust (including any securities held in the separate account maintained for when-issued securities) is based upon their amortized cost, which does not take into account unrealized capital gains or losses. This involves valuing an instrument at its cost and thereafter assuming a constant amortization to maturity of any discount or premium, regardless of the impact of fluctuating interest rates on the market value of the instrument. While this method provides certainty in valuation, it may result in periods during which value, as determined by amortized cost, is higher or lower than the price such Fund would receive if they sold the instrument. During periods of declining interest rates, the daily yield on shares of the Treasury Trust computed as described above may tend to be higher than a like computation made by a fund with identical investments utilizing a method of valuation based upon market prices. Thus, if the use of amortized cost by the Fund resulted in a lower aggregate portfolio value on a particular day, a prospective investor in the Fund would be able to obtain a somewhat higher yield than would result from investment in a fund utilizing solely market values, and existing investors in the Fund would receive less investment income. The converse would apply in a period of rising interest rates.

 

The use of amortized cost by the Treasury Trust, and the maintenance of the Fund’s per share net asset value at $1.00 is permitted by Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act, pursuant to which the Fund must adhere to certain conditions. There are policies that Shelton Capital Management follows regarding Rule 2a-7. Under the amortized cost method, securities are valued at their acquisition cost, as adjusted for amortization of premium or discount, rather than at current market value. Calculations are made at least weekly to compare the value of the Fund’s investments valued at amortized cost with market values.

 

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The Treasury Trust maintains a dollar-weighted average portfolio maturity of 60 days or less, only purchase instruments having remaining maturities of 397 days or less, and only invest in securities determined by the Trustees to be of high quality with minimal credit risks. The Trustees have also established procedures designed to stabilize, to the extent reasonably possible, the Fund’s price per share as computed for the purpose of sales and redemptions at $1.00. Such procedures include review of the Fund’s portfolio holdings by the Trustees, at such intervals as they may deem appropriate, to determine whether each Fund’s net asset value calculated by using available market quotations deviates from $1.00 per share based on amortized cost. The extent of any deviation is examined by the Trustees. If such deviation exceeds 1/2 of 1%, the Trustees will promptly consider what action, if any, will be initiated. In the event the Trustees determine that a deviation exists which may result in material dilution or other unfair results to investors or existing shareholders, they have agreed to take such corrective action as they regard as necessary and appropriate, which may include the sale of portfolio securities prior to maturity to realize capital gains or losses or to shorten average portfolio maturity, adjusting or withholding of dividends, redemptions of shares in kind, or establishing a net asset value per share by using available market quotations.

 

The portfolio securities of the Stock Funds are generally valued at the last reported sale price. In the case of the futures contracts held by the Stock Funds, the valuation is determined using the settle price provided by either the Chicago Mercantile Exchange or the ICE, depending on the exchange the contract trades on, typically as of 1:15 p.m., Pacific Time. Securities held by the Stock Funds that have no reported last sale for any day that a Fund’s NAV is calculated and securities and other assets for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the latest available bid price. Portfolio securities held by the Green California Fund for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the last available bid. The US Government Fund and the Short-Term Government Fund for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the mean between the bid and ask price of the security. All other securities and assets are valued at their fair value as determined in good faith by the Board of Trustees. Securities with remaining maturities of 60 days or less are valued on the amortized cost basis unless the Trustees determine that such valuation does not reflect fair value. The Trust may also utilize a pricing service, bank, or broker/dealer experienced in such matters to perform any of the pricing functions.

 

FEDERAL INCOME TAXES

 

This section provides additional information concerning U.S. federal income taxes. It is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), applicable Treasury Regulations, judicial authority, and administrative rulings and practice, all as of the date of this SAI, and all of which are subject to change, including changes with retroactive effect. The following does not address any state, local or foreign or estate or gift tax matters, except where otherwise specifically noted.

 

A shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax consequences from acquiring, holding and disposing of shares in the Fund may vary depending upon his or her particular situation. This discussion only applies to shareholders who are U.S. persons, except where otherwise stated. For purposes of this discussion, U.S. persons are: (i) U.S. citizens or residents, (ii) U.S. corporations (i.e., entities treated classified as corporations for U.S. tax purposes that are organized under the laws of the United States or any state), (iii) an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or certain electing trusts that were in existence on August 20, 1996, and were treated as domestic trusts on August 19, 1996.

 

Except where otherwise noted, this discussion does not address issues of significance to U.S. persons in special situations such as: (i) tax-exempt organizations, (ii) shareholders holding shares through tax-advantaged accounts (such as 401(k) plan accounts or individual retirement accounts), (iii) shareholders holding investments through foreign institutions (financial and non-financial) or foreign accounts, (iv) financial institutions, (v) insurance companies, (vi) broker-dealers, (vii) entities not organized under the laws of the United States or a political subdivision thereof, (viii) shareholders holding shares as part of a hedge, straddle or conversion transaction, and i(ix) shareholders who are subject to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax.

 

44 

 

If a partnership (including for this purpose any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partners of partnerships that are considering the purchase of shares should consult their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares.

 

The Funds have not requested and will not request an advance ruling from the IRS as to the U.S. federal income tax matters described below. The IRS could adopt positions contrary to those discussed below and such positions could be sustained. In addition, the foregoing discussion only addresses some of the U.S. federal income tax considerations generally affecting investments in the Funds. Prospective shareholders are urged to consult with their tax advisers as to the particular U.S. federal tax consequences to them of an investment in the Fund, as well as the applicability and effect of any state, local or foreign laws, and the effect of possible changes in applicable tax laws.

 

U.S. federal tax information will be furnished to each shareholder for each calendar year as required by federal law.

 

Taxation of the Funds

 

The Funds intend to elect to be treated and qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. The Funds also intend to be treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes. Thus, the provisions of the Code applicable to regulated investment companies generally will apply separately to each Fund even though each is a series of the Trust. Furthermore, each Fund will separately determine its income, gain, losses and expenses for federal income tax purposes.

 

In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their shareholders, a Fund must, among other things: (i) derive at least 90% of its gross income in each taxable year from dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships;” (ii) diversify its holdings so that at the end of each fiscal quarter, (a) at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of cash and cash items (including receivables), U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities limited generally, with respect to any one issuer, to no more than 5% of the value of a Fund’s total assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of a Fund’s total assets are invested in (1) the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer, (2) the securities (other than the securities of other regulated investment companies) of two or more issuers which a Fund controls and which are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses, or (3) in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships; and (iii) distribute with respect to each taxable year an amount equal to or exceeding the sum of (a) 90% of its “investment company taxable income,” as that term is defined in the Code (which generally includes, among other things, dividends, taxable interest, and the excess of any net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses, as reduced by certain deductible expenses) without regard to the deduction for dividends paid, and (b) 90% of its tax-exempt interest income, net of expenses allocable thereto. For purposes of meeting the diversification requirement described in (ii) above, in the case of a Fund’s investment in loan participations, the issuer may be the financial intermediary or the borrower. The requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company may significantly limit the extent to which a Fund may invest in some investments.

 

45 

 

With respect to (i) above, the IRS may limit qualifying income from foreign currency gains and from certain derivatives to the amount of such income that is directly related to a regulated investment company’s principal business of investing in stock or securities pursuant to regulations that may be promulgated in the future. For purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in (i) above, income derived from a partnership will generally be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if realized by the regulated investment company. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (defined as a partnership (x) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof and (y) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in (i) above) will be treated as qualifying income. In addition, although in general the passive activity loss rules of the Code do not apply to regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership. Finally, for purposes of (ii)(a) above, the term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” will include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership.

 

To the extent that a Fund qualifies for treatment as a regulated investment company, the Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income distributed to its shareholders in a timely manner in the form of dividends (including capital gain dividends, defined below). In certain situations, a Fund can cure failures to meet the income and diversification tests described above, including, in some cases, by paying a Fund-level tax and, in the case of diversification failures, disposing of certain assets. If a Fund were to fail to qualify as a regulated investment company accorded special tax treatment in any taxable year – for example, because it was not sufficiently diversified under the applicable Code tests – the Fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. To qualify again to be taxed as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment in a subsequent year, the Fund could be required to pay substantial taxes, penalties and interest and make substantial distributions. In addition, if a Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company for a period greater than two taxable years, the Fund may be required to recognize and pay tax on any net built-in gain (the excess of aggregate gain, including items of income, over aggregate loss that would have been realized if the Fund had been liquidated) or, alternatively, to be subject to taxation on such built-in gain recognized for a period of five years, in order to qualify as a regulated investment company in a subsequent year.

 

As a regulated investment company, each Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its net capital gains (that, is any net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses) properly reported by each Fund in a written statement to shareholders as capital gain dividends (“capital gain dividends”) and its investment company taxable income if any, that each Fund distributes to shareholders on a timely basis. Each Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its investment company taxable income and all of its net capital gains, after offsetting any capital loss carryforwards. If a Fund does retain any investment company taxable income, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained. However, a Fund may elect to have certain distributions paid after the close of a tax year treated as having been paid during the tax year for purposes of the regulated investment company distribution requirements and for purposes of determining its taxable income (“spill-over dividends”). Spill-over dividends are taxed to shareholders in the year in which they are received.

 

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If a Fund retains any net capital gain, it will also be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained, but may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, (ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any, and (iii) will be entitled to obtain a refund of the excess, if any, of their allocable share of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount over the shareholder’s tax liability on such amount. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of a Fund will be increased by an amount equal to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence.

 

Generally, the excess (if any) of a Fund’s net short-term capital loss over the net long-term capital gain for a taxable year will carry over as a short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the next tax year. In addition, the excess (if any) of a Fund’s net long-term capital loss over the net short-term capital gain for the year will carry over as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the next tax year. Unused capital losses realized by a Fund may be carried forward indefinitely until they can be used to offset capital gains.

 

A Fund may be limited under Code Section 382 in its ability to offset its taxable income by capital loss carryforwards and net unrealized built-in losses after an “ownership change” of the Fund. The term “net unrealized built-in loss” refers to the excess, if any, of a Fund’s aggregate adjusted basis in its assets immediately before an ownership change, over the fair market value of such assets at such time, subject to a de minimis rule.  A Fund would experience an ownership change under Code Section 382 if and when 5-percent shareholders of the Fund increase their ownership by more than 50 percentage points in the aggregate over their respective lowest percentage ownership of the Fund’s shares in a 3-year period.  Under Code Section 382, if a Fund experiences an ownership change, the Fund may use its pre-change tax capital loss carryforwards and net unrealized built-in losses in a year after the ownership change generally only up to the product of the fair market value of the Fund’s equity immediately before the ownership change and a certain interest rate published monthly by the U.S. Treasury known as the applicable long-term tax-exempt rate.  The foregoing limitation on the use of pre-ownership change net unrealized built-in losses only applies for a period of five years after the ownership change, while the foregoing limitation on the use of pre-ownership change capital loss carryforwards lasts indefinitely.

 

Capital loss carry forwards were the following as of August 31, 2021:

 

Expiring

 

Green California Tax-Free Income Fund

 

U.S. Government Securities Fund

 

United States Treasury Trust Fund

Long-term with No Expiration

 

$(50,600)

 

$(163,784)

 

$(1680)

Short-term with No Expiration

 

(30,120)

 

(717)

 

Total

 

$(80,720)

 

$(164,501)

 

$(1680)

 

If future capital gains are offset by carried-forward capital losses, such future capital gains are not subject to Fund-level federal income tax, regardless of whether they are distributed to shareholders. However, future capital gains offset by carried-forward capital losses are generally subject to taxation as ordinary dividends to shareholders if distributed. Accordingly, the Funds do not expect to distribute any capital gains offset by carried-forward capital losses. A Fund cannot carry back or carry forward any net operating losses.

 

A regulated investment company may elect to treat any post-October capital loss (defined as the company’s net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss, as applicable, in each case attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31) and late-year ordinary loss (generally, (i) net ordinary losses from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property, attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31, plus (ii) other net ordinary losses attributable to the portion of the taxable year after December 31) as if incurred in the succeeding taxable year.

 

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If a Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year at least an amount equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98.2% of its net capital gain income for the one year period ending on October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount for the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a non-deductible excise tax on the undistributed amounts. For these purposes, ordinary gains and losses from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property that would be properly taken into account after October 31 are treated as arising on January 1 of the following calendar year. For purposes of the excise tax, a Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax in the taxable year ending within the calendar year. A dividend paid to shareholders in January of a year generally is deemed to have been paid on December 31 of the preceding year, if the dividend is declared and payable to the shareholders of record on a date in October, November or December of that preceding year.

 

The Funds intend to make distributions sufficient to avoid imposition of the excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so. Moreover, the Funds reserve the right to pay an excise tax rather than make an additional distribution when circumstances warrant (for example, the amount of excise tax to be paid is deemed de minimis by the Funds).

 

Equalization Accounting

 

Each Fund may use “equalization accounting” to determine the portion of its income and gains that has been distributed with respect to each taxable year. Under equalization accounting, a Fund would allocate a portion of its undistributed investment company taxable income and net capital gain to redemptions proceeds. This method would allow a Fund to reduce the amount of such income and gains that it distributes to non-redeeming shareholders but would not reduce the total return on a shareholder’s investment. If the IRS determines that a Fund’s equalization method is improper and that the Fund has under-distributed its income and gain for any taxable year, the Fund may be liable for federal income and/or excise tax. Equalization accounting is not available for a Fund that is a personal holding company for federal income tax purposes.

 

Taxation of Fund Distributions

 

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment company taxable income are generally taxable as ordinary income to the extent of a Fund’s current or accumulated “earnings and profits.” Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long a Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares. Distributions of net capital gains from the sale of investments that a Fund owned for more than one year and from other long-term capital gains recognized by the Fund that are properly designated by the Fund as capital gain dividends (i.e., “capital gain dividends”) will be taxable to Fund shareholders as long-term capital gains. Generally, distributions of gains from the sale of investments that the Fund owned for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income.

 

A Fund may designate certain dividends as derived from “qualified dividend income,” which, when received by an individual or other non-corporate shareholder, will be taxed at a maximum federal income tax rate applicable to long-term capital gain, in addition to the 3.8% surtax on net investment income, described under “Surtax on Net Investment Income,” below. Dividend income distributed to individual or other non-corporate shareholders will qualify as “qualified dividend income” as that term is defined in section 1(h)(11)(B) of the Code to the extent such distributions are attributable to income from the Fund’s investments in common and preferred stock of U.S. companies and stock of certain qualified foreign corporations provided that certain holding period and other requirements are met by both a Fund (with respect to the dividend paying corporation’s stock) and its shareholders (with respect to the Fund’s shares). If 95% or more of a Fund’s gross income (excluding net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) constitutes qualified dividend income, all of its distributions (other than capital gain dividends) generally will be treated as qualified dividend income in the hands of individual shareholders, as long as they satisfy certain holding period requirements with respect to their Fund shares.

 

48 

 

Distributions of earnings and gains are taxable to shareholders even if such distributions are paid from income or gains earned by a Fund before a shareholder invested in the Fund (and thus were included in the price the shareholder paid), and are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares (other than distributions, if any, designated by a Fund as “exempt-interest dividends,” a designation which the Funds, other than the Green California Fund, generally do not expect to make). Any gain resulting from the sale of Fund shares generally will be taxable as capital gains. Distributions declared and payable by the Fund during October, November or December to shareholders of record on a date in any such month and paid by the Fund during the following January will be treated for U.S. federal tax purposes as paid by a Fund and received by shareholders on December 31st of the year in which declared rather than the calendar year in which they were received.

 

Dividends received by corporate shareholders that are reported by a Fund in a written statement furnished to shareholders may qualify for a dividends-received deduction to the extent of the amount of qualifying dividends received by the Fund from domestic corporations and to the extent (if any) that a portion of interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by the Fund are treated as dividends.

 

If a Fund makes a distribution in excess of its current and accumulated “earnings and profits” in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of a shareholder’s tax basis in his or her shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is generally not taxable, but it reduces a shareholder’s basis in his or her shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of such shares.

 

Sale or Redemption of Shares

 

The sale or redemption of Fund shares may give rise to a gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount received for the shares (or deemed received in the case of an exchange of shares issued by different Funds) and the shareholder’s tax basis in the shares. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than 12 months. Otherwise, such gain or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitation.

 

All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of Fund shares will be disallowed if other substantially identical shares of the Fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.

 

Special Tax Considerations

 

The following discussion relates to the particular U.S. federal income tax consequences of the investment policies of the Funds.

 

49 

 

Passive Foreign Investment Companies

 

A Fund may invest in foreign investment entities referred to as “passive foreign investment companies” (“PFICs”). In general, a foreign company is classified as a PFIC if at least one-half of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its gross income is investment-type income. When investing in PFIC securities, a Fund may elect to “mark-to-market” annually its investments in such entities, which would result in the Fund being treated as if it had sold and repurchased all the PFIC stock at the end of each year. As a result of the mark-to-market election, the Fund would report any gains (reduced by allowable losses) as ordinary income, and deductions for losses would be allowable only to the extent of previously recognized gains.

 

By making the mark-to-market election, a Fund could potentially mitigate certain adverse tax consequences with respect to its ownership of shares in a PFIC, but in any particular year may be required to recognize income in excess of the distributions it receives from PFICs and its proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock. A Fund may have to distribute this “phantom” income and gain to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid imposition of the excise tax described above.

 

Alternatively, a Fund may elect to treat a PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” (a “QEF election”), in which case the Fund would be required to include its share of the company’s income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives distributions from the PFIC. As with the mark-to-market election, these amounts would be taken into account by the Funds for purposes of satisfying the distribution requirement and the excise tax distribution requirement. Under Treasury Regulations, earnings included in income under a QEF election would not be qualifying income for a regulated investment company unless such earnings are (i) distributed in the taxable year in which they are included, or (ii) derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in stock, securities or currencies. In order to make a QEF election, a Fund must obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests, which may be difficult or impossible to obtain. Dividends paid by PFICs or foreign corporations that were PFICs in the year preceding the payment of the dividend will not be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income.

 

If a Fund is unable to identify an investment as a PFIC and thus does not make a mark-to-market election or a QEF election, the Fund may be subject to U.S. federal income tax and interest on a portion of any “excess distribution” or gain from the disposition of such shares even if such income is distributed as a taxable dividend by the Fund to its shareholders.

 

Controlled Foreign Corporations

 

A Fund also may invest in entities classified as “controlled foreign corporations” (“CFCs”). A CFC is a foreign corporation in which more than 50% of the stock, by vote or value, is owned, directly or constructively, by U.S. persons each of whom own, directly or constructively, 10% or more of the stock of the foreign corporation by vote or by value (“U.S. shareholders”). If a Fund is a U.S. shareholder with respect to a CFC, the Fund will generally be required to annually include in income its allocable share of the CFC’s (i) “subpart F income” and (ii) global intangible low-tax income (“GILTI”), both as defined by the Code, regardless of whether or not the CFC distributes such amounts to the Fund. Amounts included in gross income by a Fund as subpart F income of a CFC will be qualifying income for the Fund under Code Section 851(b) if either (i) such amounts are distributed to the Fund in the taxable year in which they are earned by the CFC, or (ii) such income is derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in stock, securities or currencies. Treasury Regulations provide that GILTI inclusions will be treated in the same manner for purposes of Code Section 851(b) as subpart F inclusions, except as may be provided in future Treasury Regulations.

 

50 

 

Non-U.S. Taxes

 

Funds that invest in non-U.S. securities may be liable to non-U.S. governments for taxes relating primarily to investment income or capital gains on non-U.S. securities in the Fund’s portfolio. If at the close of its taxable year more than 50% of the value of a Fund’s total assets consist of securities of foreign corporations (including foreign governments), the Fund may make an election under the Code that would allow Fund shareholders who are U.S. persons or U.S. corporations to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction (but not both) on their U.S. income tax return for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by that Fund to non-U.S. countries in respect of non-U.S. securities held at least a minimum period as specified in the Code. If a Fund were eligible for and were to make the election, the amount of each shareholder’s distribution reported on the information returns filed by such Fund with the IRS must be increased by the amount of the shareholder’s portion of the Fund’s foreign tax paid. A shareholder’s ability to claim all or a part of a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by a Fund would also be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code.

 

If a Fund qualifies as a “qualified fund of funds,” the Fund could be entitled to elect to pass-through its foreign tax credits without regard to the above-described 50% requirement. For this purpose, the term “qualified funds of funds” means a regulated investment company if (at the close of each quarter of the taxable year) at least 50% of the value of its total assets is represented by interests in other regulated investment companies.

 

The Funds make no assurances as to either the availability of any election discussed in this section or its willingness to make any such election.

 

Non-U.S. Currency Transactions

 

Transactions in non-U.S. currencies, non-U.S. currency denominated debt obligations and certain non-U.S. currency options, future contracts, and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the non-U.S. currency concerned and may increase the amount and affect the timing and character of taxes payable by shareholders of a Fund. Certain of a Fund’s transactions, if any, in foreign currencies and foreign currency denominated instruments are likely to result in a difference between the Fund’s book income and taxable income. This difference may cause a portion of such Fund’s income distributions to constitute a return of capital or capital gain for tax purposes or require the Fund to make distributions exceeding book income to avoid excise tax liability and to qualify as a regulated investment company, which may have the effect of accelerating taxable distributions to shareholders of such Fund.

 

Financial Products

 

A Fund’s investments in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, and certain other transactions may be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale, short sale and other rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income recognized by the Fund, defer Fund losses, cause adjustments in the holding periods of Fund securities, convert capital gain into ordinary income and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to Fund shareholders.

 

Some of the Funds’ investments, such as certain option transactions and certain futures transactions may be “section 1256 contracts.” Gains and losses on section 1256 contracts are generally treated as 60% long-term capital and 40% short-term capital, although certain foreign currency gains and losses from such contracts may be treated as entirely ordinary in character. Section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of a taxable year are “marked to market” for income tax purposes, meaning that unrealized gains or losses are treated as though they were realized (and treated on the 60/40 basis described above).

 

51 

 

Certain positions undertaken by the Funds may constitute “straddles” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The straddle rules may affect the character of gains or losses realized by a Fund. Losses realized by a Fund that are part of a straddle may be deferred beyond the point in time that they are realized. The straddle rules, if applicable, could increase the amount of short-term capital gain realized by such Fund which is taxed as ordinary income when distributed to shareholders. Certain income tax elections that a Fund may make with respect to straddles could affect the character and timing of recognition of gains and losses.

 

Rules governing the tax aspects of notional principal contracts in which a Fund, or a Subsidiary, may invest are not clear in various respects. As a result, the IRS could challenge such Fund’s methods of accounting for such contracts for tax purposes, and such a challenge could affect the status of such Fund as a regulated investment company.

 

The Funds may make short sales of securities. Short sales may increase the amount of short-term capital gains realized by a Fund, which is taxed as ordinary income to the shareholders when distributed. Short sales may also constitute “constructive sales,” which would result in taxable income before the short-sale positions are terminated.

 

Certain of the Funds’ hedging activities including its transactions in options, and certain futures contracts may result in a difference between a Fund’s book income and taxable income. This difference may cause a portion of such Fund’s income distributions to constitute a return of capital or capital gain for tax purposes or require such Fund to make distributions exceeding book income to avoid excise tax liability and to qualify as a regulated investment company, which may have the effect of accelerating taxable distributions to shareholders.

 

Securities Issued or Purchased at a Discount

 

A Fund may acquire debt obligations that have original issue discount. “Original issue discount” is the excess of a debt obligation’s stated redemption price at maturity over the obligation’s issue price. Under long-standing tax rules, a taxpayer that acquires an obligation with original issue discount generally is required to include the original issue discount in income on a constant yield-to-maturity basis without regard to when, or whether, payments are made on the obligation. Obligations owned by a Fund that have original issue discount may include investment in payment-in-kind securities, and certain other obligations. Obligations with original issue discount owned by a Fund will give rise to income that the Fund will be required to distribute even though the Fund does not receive an interest payment in cash on the obligation during the year. In order to generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, a Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio that it otherwise would have continued to hold. A Fund may realize gains or losses from such sales. If a Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.

 

Some debt obligations that are acquired by the Funds in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. “Market discount” is generally the excess of the stated redemption price of the bond at maturity over the basis of the bond immediately after its acquisition by the taxpayer. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain does not exceed the “accrued market discount” on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. The Funds may make certain elections applicable to debt obligations having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.

 

High-Risk Securities

 

The Funds may invest in debt obligations that are in the lowest rating categories or are unrated. Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of, or in default, present special tax issues for a Fund. The application of the tax rules with respect to these types of investments is complicated and will depend upon the application of the law to facts that may be unclear, which may result in uncertainty about the tax treatment of these investments (e.g., such as when a Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts, or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income). These and other related issues will be addressed by the Fund if the Fund invests in such securities in order to increase the likelihood that the Fund distributes sufficient income to avoid becoming subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.

 

52 

 

Transfers between Classes of a Single Fund

 

Exchanges of shares between classes of a single Fund are generally not taxable transactions. Certain “significant holders” of a Fund within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.368-3(c)(1) will be required to include in their federal income tax returns for the year of the exchange of one class of stock for another the information listed in Treasury Regulation Section 1.368-3(b). The term “significant holders” refers to shareholders of a Fund who own at least one percent (by vote or value) of the total outstanding shares of the Fund, as well as shareholders who own shares of the Fund (immediately before the exchange in question) having a tax basis of at least $1 million.

 

Real Estate Investment Trusts

 

If a Fund were to invest in REITs, its REIT equity securities could result in such Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings. If a Fund receives such distributions all or a portion of these distributions will constitute a return of capital to the Fund. Receiving a return of capital distribution from a REIT will reduce the amount of income available to be distributed to Fund shareholders. Income from REIT securities generally will not be eligible for treatment as qualified dividend income.

 

Under Code Section 199A, introduced by the 2017 Tax Act, a deduction of up to 20% is available for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026, for taxpayers other than corporations for qualified business income from certain pass-through businesses, including “qualified REIT dividends” from REITs (i.e., ordinary REIT dividends other than capital gains dividends and REIT dividends designated as qualified dividend income). Qualified REIT dividends” are ordinary dividends from REITs other than capital gains dividends and REIT dividends designated as qualified dividend income. Under Treasury Regulations, a regulated investment company may pay and report “section 199A dividends” to its shareholders with respect its qualified REIT dividends. Under these regulations, the amount of section 199A dividends that the Funds may pay and report to its shareholders is limited to the excess of the “qualified REIT dividends” that the Funds receives from REITs for a taxable year over the Funds’ expenses allocable to such dividends. A shareholder may treat section 199A dividends received on a share of a Fund as “qualified REIT dividends” if the shareholder has held the share for more than 45 days during the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the date on which the share becomes ex-dividend, but only to the extent that the shareholder is not under an obligation (under a short-sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. A shareholder may include 20% of the shareholder’s “qualified REIT dividends” in the computation of the shareholder’s “combined qualified business income amount” under Code Section 199A. Code Section 199A allows a taxpayer (other than a corporation) a deduction for a taxable year equal to the lesser of (A) the taxpayer’s “combined qualified business income amount” or (B) 20% of the excess of the taxpayer’s taxable income over the taxpayer’s net capital gain for the year.

 

Investments in the Green California Fund

 

Provided that, as anticipated, the Green California Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company under the Code, and, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of the total assets of the Green California Fund consists of municipal obligations, the Green California Fund may designate and, if the Green California Fund has designated, pay exempt-interest dividends from interest earned on such obligations. Such exempt-interest dividends may be excluded by individual shareholders of the Green California Fund from their gross income for federal income tax purposes. The Green California Fund might purchase municipal obligations at a discount from the prices at which they were originally issued, especially during periods of rising interest rates. For federal income tax purposes, some or all of this market discount may be included in the Green California Fund’s ordinary income and will be taxable to shareholders as such when it is distributed.

 

53 

 

If, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of the total assets of the Green California Fund consists of obligations that produce interest that is exempt from California personal income tax if received by an individual (including exempt California municipal obligations and direct obligations of the federal government), and if the Green California Fund maintains its qualification as a regulated investment company, then the Green California Fund will be qualified to pay exempt-interest dividends that are exempt from California personal income tax. Although, California has an alternative minimum tax similar to the federal alternative minimum tax, California does not include interest from private activity municipal obligations as an item of tax preference for purposes of the California alternative minimum tax. In the case of corporate taxpayers, exempt-interest dividends will not be exempt for purposes of the California corporate franchise tax, and may not be exempt for purposes of the California corporate income tax. The total amount of exempt-interest dividends paid by the Green California Fund to its shareholders with respect to any taxable year cannot exceed the amount of interest received by the Fund during such year on tax-exempt obligations less any expenses attributable to such interest.

 

From time to time, proposals have been introduced before Congress for the purpose of restricting or eliminating the federal income tax exemption for interest on municipal obligations. It can be expected that similar proposals may be introduced in the future. Proposals by members of state legislatures may also be introduced which could affect the state tax treatment of the Green California Fund’s distributions. If such proposals were enacted, the availability of municipal obligations for investment by the Tax-Free Funds and the value of the Green California Fund’s portfolio would be affected. In such event, the Green California Fund would reevaluate their investment objectives and policies.

 

Interest on indebtedness incurred or continued by a shareholder to purchase or carry shares of the Green California Fund is not deductible for federal income tax purposes. Under regulations used by the IRS for determining when borrowed funds are considered used for the purpose of purchasing or carrying particular assets, the purchase of shares may be considered to have been made with borrowed funds even though the borrowed funds are not directly traceable to the purchase of shares of a Fund. California personal income tax law restricts the deductibility of interest on indebtedness incurred by a shareholder to purchase or carry shares of a Fund paying dividends exempt from California personal income tax, as well as the allowance of losses realized upon a sale or redemption of shares, in substantially the same manner as federal tax law. Further, the Green California Fund may not be an appropriate investment for persons who are “substantial users” of facilities financed by industrial revenue bonds or are “related persons” of such users. Such persons should consult their tax advisor before investing in the Green California Fund.

 

Under the 2017 Tax Act, interest paid on a bond issued after December 31, 2017, to advance refund another bond is subject to federal income tax.

 

Up to 85% of Social Security or railroad retirement benefits may be included in federal taxable income for benefit recipients whose adjusted gross income (including income from tax-exempt sources such as tax-exempt bonds and the Green California Fund) plus 50% of their benefits exceeds certain base amounts. Income from the Green California Fund, and others like it, is included in the calculation of whether a recipient’s income exceeds certain established amounts but is not taxable directly. California does not impose personal income tax on Social Security or railroad retirement benefits.

 

54 

 

State Taxation of Interest Attributable to Direct Obligations of the United States Government

 

Depending on applicable state law, dividends received from the Treasury Trust that are attributable to direct obligations of the United States government may be exempt from state income taxation. Certain states require a minimum investment in government securities before dividends attributable to direct obligations of the United States are exempt from state taxation. In particular, the Treasury Trust will be qualified to pay dividends to its shareholders that will be exempt from California personal income tax to the extent that they are attributable to interest received by the Treasury Trust on obligations of the U.S. government, provided that, as anticipated, the Treasury Trust qualifies as a regulated investment company and meets certain requirements of California tax law, including the requirement that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its individual total assets are invested in direct obligations of the United States (or other U.S. and California tax-exempt obligations). Because, among other reasons, the GNMA certificates in which the US Government Fund and Short Term Government Fund invests are not considered direct obligations of the United States for this purpose, the US Government Fund or Short Term Government Fund may not meet the 50% requirement imposed by California. As a result, dividends paid by those Funds Fund may be subject to California personal income tax. Certain other states have similar rules. Shareholders and prospective shareholders should confirm with their own tax advisors concerning whether their states provide for an exclusion of some or all of the income earned from mutual funds that invest in U.S. government obligations.

 

Backup Withholding

 

The Funds generally are required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and redemption proceeds paid to any non-corporate shareholder who (i) fails to properly furnish a Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number (“TIN”), (ii) has under-reported dividend or interest income, (iii) fails to certify to a Fund that it is not subject to such withholding, or (iv) has not certified that it is a U.S. person. The backup withholding tax rate is 24% for tax years beginning before January 1, 2026.

 

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from a payment to a shareholder generally may be refunded or credited against the shareholder’s federal income tax liability, if any, provided that certain required information is timely furnished to the IRS. A shareholder may normally avoid backup withholding by furnishing a properly completed IRS Form W-9. If a shareholder fails to furnish a valid TIN upon request, the shareholder can be subject to IRS penalties.

 

Cost Basis Reporting

 

The Funds (or their administrative agents) must report to the IRS and furnish to fund shareholders the cost basis information for every fund share purchased on or after January 1, 2012 (“covered shares”) and whether the shares had a short-term or long-term holding period, when redeemed, exchanged or otherwise sold. In addition, the Funds must report the gross proceeds from the sale of all Fund shares (regardless of whether the shares are covered shares).

 

In the absence of an election for covered shares by a shareholder to elect from certain cost basis methods which have been accepted by the IRS, each Fund will use its default cost basis method. The cost basis method elected or applied may not be changed after the settlement date of a sale of Fund shares. Once a Fund shareholder has elected a cost basis reporting method, the election will apply to all future transactions in covered shares unless the shareholder revokes or changes the standing election. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisers concerning the most desirable IRS-accepted cost basis method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how the new cost basis reporting law applies to them.

 

55 

 

Surtax on Net Investment Income

 

A surtax of 3.8% applies to net investment income of an individual taxpayer and on the undistributed net investment income of certain estates and trusts, to the extent that such taxpayer’s gross income, as adjusted, exceeds a certain amount. Net investment income includes interest and dividends (other than exempt-interest dividends), royalties, rents, gross income from a trade or business involving passive activities, and net gain from disposition of property (other than property held in a non-passive trade or business). Net investment income also includes ordinary income and capital gain distributions received from a Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Fund shares. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to such income.

 

The 2017 Tax Act

 

The 2017 Tax Act substantially altered the U.S. federal income tax rules. Among many other tax changes introduced by the Act, the Act changed marginal income tax rates applicable to individuals and other taxpayers. Most of the changes applicable to individuals are temporary and apply only to taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026. The 2017 Tax Act did not change the maximum federal income tax rates that apply to long-term capital gains recognized by noncorporate taxpayers.

 

The 2017 Act also established a deduction of up to 20% for qualified business income recognized in taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026, from certain pass-through businesses, including publicly traded partnerships and REITS but generally excluding regulated investment companies. Under Treasury Regulations, this deduction is available for shareholders of regulated investment companies (including the Funds) for certain qualified dividends that regulated investment companies derive from REITs as discussed above under “FEDERAL INCOME TAXES – Real Estate Investment Trusts,” but not with respect to income derived from publicly traded partnerships.

 

Other Tax Matters

 

Special tax rules apply to investments through defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans and investments by tax-exempt organizations. Shareholders should consult their tax adviser to determine the suitability of shares of a Fund as an investment through such plans and the precise effect of an investment on their particular tax situation.

 

The foregoing discussion relates solely to U.S. federal income tax law except where expressly noted otherwise with respect to the Green California Fund, US Government Fund and Short-Term Government Fund. Dividends and distributions may be subject to state and local taxes. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding specific questions as to U.S. federal, state, local and, where applicable, foreign taxes.

 

The foregoing is a general and abbreviated summary of the applicable provisions of the Code and related regulations currently in effect. For the complete provisions, reference should be made to the pertinent Code sections and regulations. The Code and regulations are subject to change by legislative or administrative actions, possibly with retroactive effect.

 

The information above is only a summary of some of the tax considerations generally affecting the Funds and their shareholders. No attempt has been made to discuss individual tax consequences and this discussion should not be construed as applicable to all shareholders’ tax situations. Investors should consult their own tax advisor to determine the suitability of a particular Fund and the applicability of any federal, state, local, or foreign taxation.

 

56 

 

Yield Disclosure and Performance Information

 

As noted in this SAI, each Fund may from time to time quote various performance figures in advertisements and investor communications to illustrate the Fund’s past performance. Performance information published by the Funds will be in compliance with rules adopted by the SEC. These rules require the use of standardized performance quotations or, alternatively, that every non-standardized performance quotation furnished by a Fund be accompanied by certain standardized performance information computed as

 

Yield Disclosure and Performance Information

 

As noted in this SAI, each Fund may from time to time quote various performance figures in advertisements and investor communications to illustrate the Fund’s past performance. Performance information published by the Funds will be in compliance with rules adopted by the SEC. These rules require the use of standardized performance quotations or, alternatively, that every non-standardized performance quotation furnished by a Fund be accompanied by certain standardized performance information computed as required by the SEC. An explanation of the methods used by the Funds to compute or express performance is discussed below.

 

Average Annual Total Return

 

Total return for the Funds may be stated for any relevant period as specified in the advertisement or communication. Any statements of total return or other performance data for the Funds will be limited to or accompanied by standardized information on the Fund’s average annual compounded rate of return over the most recent four calendar quarters, five years, 10 years (if applicable) and over the life of the Fund (i.e., the period from the Fund’s inception of operations through the end of the most recent calendar quarter). The average annual compounded rate of return is determined by reference to a hypothetical $1,000 investment that includes capital appreciation and depreciation for the stated period and assumes reinvestment (on the reinvestment date) of all distributions at net asset value and redemption at the end of the stated period. It is calculated according to the following standardized formula:

 

P(1+T)n = ERV where:

 

P

=

a hypothetical initial payment of $1,000

T

=

average annual total return

n

=

number of years

ERV

=

ending redeemable value of a hypothetical $1,000 investment made at the beginning of a 1-, 5-, or 10-year periods at the end of a 1-, 5- or 10-year periods (or fractional portion).

 

Average Annual Total Return (after taxes on distributions):

 

The Funds compute their average annual total return after taxes on distributions by determining the average annual compounded rates of return during specified periods that equate the initial amount invested to the ending redeemable value of such investment after taxes on fund distributions:

 

P(1+T)n =

ATVD

where:

P

=

a hypothetical initial payment of $1,000.

T

=

average annual total return (after taxes on distributions).

n

=

number of years

ATVD

=

ending value of a hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the beginning of the 1-, 5-, or 10-year periods at the end of such periods, after taxes on fund distributions but not after taxes on redemptions.

 

57 

 

Average Annual Total Return (after taxes on distributions and redemptions)

 

The Funds compute their average annual total return after taxes on distributions and redemptions by determining the average annual compounded rates of return during specified periods that equate the initial amount invested to the ending redeemable value of such investment after taxes on fund distributions and redemptions:

 

P(1+T)n =
ATVDR

 

where:

 

 

 

P

=

a hypothetical initial payment of $1,000.

T

=

average annual total return (after taxes on distributions and redemptions).

n

=

number of years

ATVDR

=

ending value of a hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the beginning of the 1-, 5-, or 10-year periods at the end of such periods, after taxes on fund distributions and redemptions.

 

After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.

 

Since performance will fluctuate, performance data for the Funds should not be used to compare an investment in the Funds’ shares with bank deposits, savings accounts and similar investment alternatives which often provide an agreed-upon or guaranteed fixed yield for a stated period of time. Shareholders should remember that performance is generally a function of the kind and quality of the instruments held in a portfolio, portfolio maturity, operating expenses and market conditions.

 

The average annual compounded rates of return, or total return, for the Direct share class of the Green California Fund, the US Government Fund, the Insured Fund, the 500 Fund, the MidCap Fund, the SmallCap Fund, the Equity Income Fund, the Nasdaq-100 Fund, and the Short-Term Government Fund for the following periods were:

 

Yield

 

As stated in the Prospectus, a Fund may also quote its current yield and, where appropriate, effective yield and tax equivalent yield in advertisements and investor communications.

 

The current yield for the Green California Fund, US Government Fund and Short-Term Govt. Fund is determined by dividing the net investment income per share earned during a specified 30-day period by the net asset value per share on the last day of the period and annualizing the resulting figure, according to the following formula:

 

Yield = 2[(((a-b)/cd)+1)6 – 1)] where: 

a

=

dividends and interest earned during the period;

b

=

expenses accrued for the period (net of reimbursements);

c

=

the average daily number of shares outstanding during the period that were entitled to receive dividends;

d

=

the maximum offering price per share on the last day of the period.

 

The current yield for the 30-day period ended August 31, 2021 is as follows for the Green California Fund and US Government Fund:

 

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Direct

K Class

Green California Fund

0.03%

 

US Government Fund

-0.06%

-0.55%

 

The current yield for the Treasury Trust is computed in accordance with a standardized method which involves determining the net change in the value of a hypothetical pre-existing account having a balance of one share at the beginning of a specified 7-day period, subtracting a hypothetical charge reflecting deductions of expenses, and dividing the net change or difference by the value of the account at the beginning of the period to obtain the base period return, and annualizing the results (i.e., multiplying the base period return by 365/7). The net change in the value of the account does not include realized gains and losses or unrealized appreciation and depreciation.

 

The Treasury Trust may also quote an effective yield. Effective yield is calculated by compounding the base period return (calculated as described above) by adding 1, raising that sum to a power equal to 365 divided by 7, and subtracting 1 from the result, according to the following formula:

 

EFFECTIVE YIELD = [(BASE PERIOD RETURN + 1)(365/7)] - 1.

 

The current yield and effective yield for the 7-day period ended August 31, 2021 is as follows:

 

 

Current yield

Effective yield

Treasury Trust

0.00%

0.00%

 

A tax equivalent yield demonstrates the taxable yield necessary to produce an after-tax yield equivalent to that of a Fund which invests in tax-exempt obligations. The tax equivalent yields for the Treasury Trust and the Green California Fund are computed by dividing that portion of the current yield (or effective yield) of each Fund (computed for each Fund as discussed for the current yield indicated above) which is tax-exempt by one minus a stated income tax rate and adding the product to that portion (if any) of the yield of the Fund that is not tax-exempt. In calculating tax equivalent yields, the Green California Fund assumes an effective tax rate (combining federal and California rates) of 49.2. The effective rate used in determining such yield does not reflect the tax costs resulting from the loss of the benefit of personal exemptions and itemized deductions that may result from the receipt of additional taxable income by taxpayers with adjusted gross incomes exceeding certain levels. The tax equivalent yield may be higher than the rate stated for taxpayers subject to the loss of these benefits. As of August 31, 2021, the 30-day tax equivalent yield for the Green California Fund was 0.00%.

 

Distribution Rate

 

Each Fund may also include a reference to its current distribution rate in investor communications and sales literature preceded or accompanied by the Prospectus, reflecting the amounts actually distributed to shareholders. All calculations of a Fund’s distribution rate are based on the distributions per share, which are declared, but not necessarily paid, during the fiscal year. The distribution rate is determined by dividing the distributions declared during the period by the net asset value per share on the last day of the period and annualizing the resulting figure. In calculating its distribution rate, each Fund uses the same assumptions that apply to its calculation of yield. The distribution rate will differ from a Fund’s yield because it may include capital gains and other items of income not reflected in the Fund’s yield, as well as interest income received by the Fund and distributed to shareholders which is reflected in the Fund’s yield. The distribution rate does not reflect capital appreciation or depreciation in the price of the Fund’s shares and should not be considered to be a complete indicator of the return to the investor on his investment.

 

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Comparisons

 

From time to time, advertisements and investor communications may compare a Fund’s performance to the performance of other investments as reported in various indices or averages, in order to enable an investor better to evaluate how an investment in a particular Fund might satisfy his investment objectives. The Funds may also publish an indication of past performance as measured by Lipper Analytical Services, Inc., Morningstar or other widely recognized independent services that monitor the performance of mutual funds. The performance analysis will include the reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions, but does not take any sales charges into consideration and is prepared without regard to tax consequences. Independent sources may include the American Association of Individual Investors, Weisenberger Investment Companies Services, Donoghue’s Money Fund Report, Barron’s, Business Week, Financial World, Money Magazine, Forbes, and The Wall Street Journal. The Green California Fund may also quote (among others) the Barclays Municipal Bond Index and the Barclays five-year Municipal Bond Index. These indices are not managed for any investment goal. Their composition may, however, be changed from time to time by Barclays. The US Government Fund and Short-term Government Fund may also quote (among others) the following indices of bond prices prepared by Barclays: Barclays GNMA Index, Barclays Treasury Index and Barclays 1-3 Year Treasury Index. These indices are not managed for any investment goal. Their composition may, however, be changed from time to time by Barclays. The MidCap Fund, 500 Fund, SmallCap Fund, and the Nasdaq-100 Index Fund each may compare its performance to the performance of the MidCap Index, S&P 500, SmallCap Index, Nasdaq-100 Index, respectively. Additionally, the Equity Income Fund may compare its performance to the 500 Index or the S&P/Citigroup Value Index. The Green Alpha may compare against the 500 Index and other market benchmarks deemed appropriate by the Sub-Advisor. Each such Fund may compare its performance to the Value Line Composite Index, the Russell 2000 and/or other widely recognized market indices. These indices are unmanaged indices of common stock prices. The performance of each index is based on changes in the prices of stocks comprising such index and assumes the reinvestment of all dividends paid on such stocks. Taxes, brokerage commissions and other fees are disregarded in computing the level of each index. The performance of a Fund may also be compared to compounded rates of return regarding a hypothetical investment of $10,000 at the beginning of each year, earning interest throughout the year at the compounding interest rates of 5%, 7.5% and 10%. In assessing any comparisons of total return or yield, an investor should keep in mind that the composition of the investments in a reported average is not identical to a Fund’s portfolio, that such averages are generally unmanaged and that the items included in the calculations of such averages may not be identical to the formula used by the Fund to calculate its total return or yield. In addition, there can be no assurance that a Fund will continue its performance as compared to any such averages.

 

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION 

 

Shareholders of Funds, other than the Stock Funds who so request, may have their dividends paid out monthly in cash. Shareholders of the Stock Funds, who so request, may have their dividends paid out quarterly in cash. If a shareholder withdraws the entire amount in his or her Treasury Trust account at any time during the month, all daily dividends accrued with respect to his or her account during the month to the time of withdrawal will be paid in the same manner and at the same time as the proceeds of withdrawal.

 

The shareholders of a Delaware business trust could, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for its obligations. However, the Trust’s Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust. The Declaration of Trust also provides for indemnification and reimbursement of expenses out of Trust assets for any shareholder held personally liable for obligations of the Trust. The Declaration of Trust also provides that a Trust shall, upon request, assume the defense of any claim made against any shareholder for any act or obligation of that Trust and satisfy any judgment thereon. All such rights are limited to the assets of the Fund(s) of which a shareholder holds shares. The Declaration of Trust further provides that the Trust may maintain appropriate insurance (for example, fidelity bonding and errors and omissions insurance) for the protection of the Trust, its shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees and agents to cover possible tort and other liabilities. Furthermore, the activities of the Trust as investment companies as distinguished from operating companies would not likely give rise to liabilities in excess of a Fund’s total assets. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which both inadequate insurance exists and a Trust itself is unable to meet its obligations.

 

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Although each Fund is offering only its own shares by this joint Statement of Additional Information and joint Prospectus, it is possible that a Fund might become liable for any misstatements in this Statement of Additional Information or in the Prospectus about one of the other Funds. The Board of Trustees of the Trust has considered this possibility in approving the use of a joint Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information.

 

The S&P Index Funds are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”). S&P makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the Funds or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Product particularly or the ability of the S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index, S&P MidCap 400 Index and the S&P SmallCap 600 Index to track general stock market performance. S&P’s only relationship to the Licensee is the licensing of certain trademarks and trade names of S&P and of the S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index, S&P MidCap 400 Index and the S&P SmallCap 600 Index which are determined, composed and calculated by S&P without regard to the licensee or the product. S&P has no obligation to take the needs of the licensee or the owners of the product into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index, S&P MidCap 400 Index and the S&P SmallCap 600 Index. S&P is not responsible for and has not participated in the determination of-the prices and amount of the product or the timing of the issuance or sale of the product or in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the product is to be converted into cash. S&P has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the product.

 

S&P DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE S&P 500 COMPOSITE STOCK PRICE INDEX, THE S&P MIDCAP 400 INDEX OR THE S&P SMALLCAP 600 INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN AND S&P SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN. S&P MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY LICENSEE, OWNERS OF THE PRODUCT, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE S&P SMALLCAP 600 INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. S&P MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OR MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE S&P 500 COMPOSITE STOCK PRICE INDEX, THE S&P MIDCAP 400 INDEX OR THE S&P SMALLCAP 600 INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT SHALL S&P HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS), EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

 

Financial Statements

 

The audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021 for the Funds as contained in the combined Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021 (the “Report”), are incorporated herein by reference to the Report which has been filed with the SEC. Any person not receiving the Report with this Statement should call or write the Funds to obtain a free copy.

 

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Appendix

 

Description Securities Ratings

 

A debt obligation rating by Moody’s, Fitch, or S&P reflects their current assessment of the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific obligation. The purpose of the rating systems is to provide investors with a simple system of gradation by which the relative investment qualities of bonds may be noted. A rating is not a recommendation as to investment value, in as much as it does not comment as to market price or suitability for a particular investor.

 

The ratings are based on current information furnished by the issuer or from other sources that the rating agencies deem reliable. The ratings are based on the opinion and judgment of the rating agencies and may prove to be inaccurate. The ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or unavailability of, such information, or for other circumstances.

 

Unless a modifier is included, all references in this SAI and the Funds’ Prospectus to a rating classification incorporate the full range of modifiers for the classification. For example, a reference to Moody’s “Baa” or S&P’s “BBB” quality rating incorporates Baa1 to Baa3 and BBB+ to BBB-, respectively.

 

The following is a description of the characteristics of ratings as recently published by Moody’s, Fitch and S&P.

 

Ratings by Moody’s (Moody’s Investors Service) (from Moody’s Investors Service, Rating Symbols and Definitions, December 2016).

 

Global Long-Term Rating Scale. Ratings assigned on Moody’s global long-term rating scale are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Long-term ratings are assigned to issuers or obligations with an original maturity of one year or more and reflect both on the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default.

 

Aaa

Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk. 

Aa

Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.

A

Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.

Baa

Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium grade and subject to moderate credit risk, and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.

Ba

Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.

B

Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.

   

Caa

Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk. 

Ca

Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.

C

Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.

 

Note: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.

 

62 

 

Ratings by Fitch (Fitch Ratings) (from Fitch Ratings, Definitions of Ratings and Other Forms of Opinion, March 2017).

 

Long-Term Ratings Scales – Issuer Credit Rating Scales.

 

Rated entities in a number of sectors, including financial and non-financial corporations, sovereigns and insurance companies, are generally assigned Issuer Default Ratings (IDRs). IDRs are also assigned to certain entities in global infrastructure and project finance. IDRs opine on an entity’s relative vulnerability to default on financial obligations. The threshold default risk addressed by the IDR is generally that of the financial obligations whose non-payment would best reflect the uncured failure of that entity. As such, IDRs also address relative vulnerability to bankruptcy, administrative receivership or similar concepts.

 

In aggregate, IDRs provide an ordinal ranking of issuers based on the agency’s view of their relative vulnerability to default, rather than a prediction of a specific percentage likelihood of default.

 

AAA

Highest credit quality. ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events. 

AA

Very high credit quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events. 

A

High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low default risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings. 

BBB

Good credit quality. ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.

BB

Speculative. ‘BB’ ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial flexibility exists which supports the servicing of financial commitments. 

B

Highly speculative. ‘B’ ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment. 

CCC

Substantial credit risk. Default is a real possibility.

CC

Very high levels of credit risk. Default of some kind seems probable.

C

Near default. A default or default-like process has begun, or the issuer is in standstill, or for a closed funding vehicle, payment capacity is irrevocably impaired. Conditions that are indicative of a ‘C’ category rating for an issuer include:

 

 

a.

the issuer has entered into a grace or cure period following non-payment of a material financial obligation; 

 

b.

the issuer has entered into a temporary negotiated waiver or standstill agreement following a payment default on a material financial obligation;

 

c.

the formal announcement by the issuer or their agent of a distressed debt exchange;

 

d.

a closed financing vehicle where payment capacity is irrevocably impaired such that it is not expected to pay interest and/or principal in full during the life of the transaction, but where no payment default is imminent. 

 

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RD

Restricted default. ‘RD’ ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch Ratings’ opinion has experienced: an uncured payment default on a bond, loan or other material financial obligation but which has not entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, and which has not otherwise ceased operating. This would include: 

 

a.

the selective payment default on a specific class or currency of debt;

 

b.

the uncured expiry of any applicable grace period, cure period or default forbearance period following a payment default on a bank loan, capital markets security or other material financial obligation; 

 

c.

the extension of multiple waivers or forbearance periods upon a payment default on one or more material financial obligations, either in series or in parallel; ordinary execution of a distressed debt exchange on one or more material financial obligations.

 

D

Default. ‘D’ ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch Ratings’ opinion has entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, or which has otherwise ceased business. 

 

Default ratings are not assigned prospectively to entities or their obligations; within this context, non-payment on an instrument that contains a deferral feature or grace period will generally not be considered a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace period, unless a default is otherwise driven by bankruptcy or other similar circumstance, or by a distressed debt exchange.

 

“Imminent” default typically refers to the occasion where a payment default has been intimated by the issuer, and is all but inevitable. This may, for example, be where an issuer has missed a scheduled payment, but (as is typical) has a grace period during which it may cure the payment default. Another alternative would be where an issuer has formally announced a distressed debt exchange, but the date of the exchange still lies several days or weeks in the immediate future.

 

In all cases, the assignment of a default rating reflects the agency’s opinion as to the most appropriate rating category consistent with the rest of its universe of ratings, and may differ from the definition of default under the terms of an issuer’s financial obligations or local commercial practice.

 

Note: The modifiers “+” or “-” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ Long-Term IDR category, or to Long-Term IDR categories below ‘B’.

 

Ratings of Structured, Project & Public Finance Obligations – Long-Term Rating Scales

 

Ratings of structured finance, project finance and public finance obligations on the long-term scale, including the financial obligations of sovereigns, consider the obligations’ relative vulnerability to default. These ratings are typically assigned to an individual security or tranche in a transaction and not to an issuer.

 

AAA

Highest credit quality. ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events. 

AA

Very high credit quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events. 

A

High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low default risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings. 

 

64 

 

BBB

Good credit quality. ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.

BB

‘BB’ ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time.

B

Highly speculative. ‘B’ ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment. 

CCC

Substantial credit risk. Default is a real possibility.

CC

Very high levels of credit risk. Default of some kind appears probable.

C

Exceptionally high levels of credit risk. Default appears imminent or inevitable.

D

Default. Indicates a default. Default generally is defined as one of the following:

 

a.

Failure to make payment of principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of the rated obligation; b.

 

b.

The bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other winding-up or cessation of the business of an issuer/obligor; or c. 

 

c.

The distressed exchange of an obligation, where creditors were offered securities with diminished structural or economic terms compared with the existing obligation to avoid a probable payment default. 

 

Structured Finance Defaults. “Imminent” default, categorized under ‘C’, typically refers to the occasion where a payment default has been intimated by the issuer, and is all but inevitable. This may, for example, be where an issuer has missed a scheduled payment, but (as is typical) has a grace period during which it may cure the payment default. Another alternative would be where an issuer has formally announced a distressed debt exchange, but the date of the exchange still lies several days or weeks in the immediate future. Additionally, in structured finance transactions, where analysis indicates that an instrument is irrevocably impaired such that it is not expected to pay interest and/or principal in full in accordance with the terms of the obligation’s documentation during the life of the transaction, but where no payment default in accordance with the terms of the documentation is imminent, the obligation will typically be rated in the ‘C’ category.

 

Structured Finance Writedowns. Where an instrument has experienced an involuntary and, in the agency’s opinion, irreversible “writedown” of principal (i.e. other than through amortization, and resulting in a loss to the investor), a credit rating of ‘D’ will be assigned to the instrument. Where the agency believes the “writedown” may prove to be temporary (and the loss may be “written up” again in future if and when performance improves), then a credit rating of ‘C’ will typically be assigned. Should the “writedown” then later be reversed, the credit rating will be raised to an appropriate level for that instrument. Should the “writedown” later be deemed as irreversible, the credit rating will be lowered to ‘D’.

 

Note: The modifiers “+” or “-” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ Long-Term Rating category, or categories below ‘B’.

 

Ratings by S&P (Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group) (from Standard & Poor’s Ratings Definitions, August 2016)

 

Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings  

Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on Standard & Poor’s analysis of the following considerations: likelihood of payment—capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation and the promise Standard & Poor’s imputes; nature of and provisions of the obligation; protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors’ rights. Issue ratings are an assessment of default risk, but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.)

 

65 

 

AAA

An obligation rated ‘AAA’ has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong. 

AA

An obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong. 

A

An obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong. 

BBB

An obligation rated ‘BBB’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. 

 

BB, B, CCC, CC, and C. Obligations rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’, ‘CC’, and ‘C’ are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. ‘BB’ indicates the least degree of speculation and ‘C’ the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

 

BB

An obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. 

B

An obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. 

 

CCC

An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. 

CC

An obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The ‘CC’ rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poor’s expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.

C

An obligation rated ‘C’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared to obligations that are rated higher.

 

D

An obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation’s rating is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer. 

 

66 

 

NR

This indicates that no rating has been requested, or that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poor’s does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy. 

 

Note: The ratings from ‘AA’ to ‘CCC’ may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

 

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