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Table of Contents                                                      
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 ________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
________________________________________
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Transition Period from              to             
Commission file number 033-37587        
____________________________________________________________ 
Pruco Life Insurance Company
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Arizona 22-1944557
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
213 Washington Street
Newark, NJ 07102
(973) 802-6000
(Address and Telephone Number of Registrant's Principal Executive Offices)
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
Title of Each ClassTrading Symbol(s)Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Not ApplicableNot ApplicableNot Applicable
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes      No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of the Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes      No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated FilerAccelerated Filer
Non-accelerated FilerSmaller Reporting Company
Emerging Growth Company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes    No  
As of November 19, 2021, 250,000 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock (par value $10) were outstanding. As of such date, The Prudential Insurance Company of America, a New Jersey corporation, owned all of the registrant’s Common Stock.
Pruco Life Insurance Company meets the conditions set
forth in General Instruction (H) (1) (a) and (b) on Form 10-Q and
is therefore filing this Form 10-Q in the reduced disclosure format.


Table of Contents                                                      
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
  Page
Number
Item 1.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 6.


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Table of Contents                                                      
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain of the statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “includes,” “plans,” “assumes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “intends,” “should,” “will,” “shall” or variations of such words are generally part of forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made based on management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects upon Pruco Life Insurance Company and its subsidiary. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting Pruco Life Insurance Company and its subsidiary will be those anticipated by management. These forward-looking statements are not a guarantee of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and there are certain important factors that could cause actual results to differ, possibly materially, from expectations or estimates reflected in such forward-looking statements, including, among others: (1) the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy, financial markets and our business, (2) losses on investments or financial contracts due to deterioration in credit quality or value, or counterparty default; (3) losses on insurance products due to mortality experience or policyholder behavior experience that differs significantly from our expectations when we price our products; (4) changes in interest rates and equity prices that may (a) adversely impact the profitability of our products, the value of separate accounts supporting these products or the value of assets we manage, (b) result in losses on derivatives we use to hedge risk or increase collateral posting requirements and (c) limit opportunities to invest at appropriate returns; (5) guarantees within certain of our products which are market sensitive and may decrease our earnings or increase the volatility of our results of operations or financial position; (6) liquidity needs resulting from (a) derivative collateral market exposure, (b) asset/liability mismatches, (c) the lack of available funding in the financial markets or (d) unexpected cash demands due to severe mortality calamity or lapse events; (7) financial or customer losses, or regulatory and legal actions, due to inadequate or failed processes or systems, external events and human error or misconduct such as (a) disruption of our systems and data, (b) an information security breach, (c) a failure to protect the privacy of sensitive data (d) reliance on third parties or (e) labor and employment matters; (8) changes in the regulatory landscape, including related to (a) financial sector regulatory reform, (b) changes in tax laws, (c) fiduciary rules and other standards of care, (d) state insurance laws and developments regarding group-wide supervision, capital and reserves, and (e) privacy and cybersecurity regulation; (9) technological changes which may adversely impact companies in our investment portfolio or cause insurance experience to deviate from our assumptions; (10) ratings downgrades; (11) market conditions that may adversely affect the sales or persistency of our products; (12) competition; and (13) reputational damage. Pruco Life Insurance Company does not intend, and is under no obligation, to update any particular forward-looking statement included in this document. See “Risk Factors” included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 for discussion of certain risks relating to our business and investment in our securities.


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Table of Contents                                                      
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands, except share amounts)
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
ASSETS
Fixed maturities, available for sale, at fair value (allowance for credit losses: 2021-$2,237; 2020-$2,339) (amortized cost: 2021–$10,135,396; 2020–$6,157,371)
$10,702,155 $7,012,631 
Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value (amortized cost: 2021–$3,929,972; 2020–$73,413)
3,751,472 82,482 
Equity securities, at fair value (cost: 2021– $49,875; 2020–$105,508)
53,178 108,457 
Policy loans1,324,335 1,323,681 
Short-term investments84,240 49,997 
Commercial mortgage and other loans (net of $4,254 and $4,552 allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively)
2,042,654 1,288,846 
Other invested assets (includes $302,389 and $94,939 of assets measured at fair value at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively)
1,252,522 520,955 
Total investments19,210,556 10,387,049 
Cash and cash equivalents1,100,935 426,979 
Deferred policy acquisition costs6,210,116 2,433,936 
Accrued investment income139,355 93,613 
Reinsurance recoverables30,904,877 48,367,096 
Receivables from parent and affiliates361,494 266,473 
Deferred sales inducements378,870 0 
Income taxes receivable1,064,825 175,024 
Other assets356,981 417,508 
Separate account assets146,825,583 145,740,422 
TOTAL ASSETS$206,553,592 $208,308,100 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
LIABILITIES
Future policy benefits$27,817,818 $32,889,181 
Policyholders’ account balances24,399,646 23,857,574 
Cash collateral for loaned securities0 2,725 
Long-term debt to affiliates322,631 0 
Payables to parent and affiliates133,353 75,990 
Other liabilities1,692,610 1,694,492 
Separate account liabilities146,825,583 145,740,422 
Total liabilities201,191,641 204,260,384 
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES (See Note 10)
EQUITY
Common stock ($10 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; 250,000 shares issued and outstanding)
2,500 2,500 
Additional paid-in capital5,587,195 1,726,690 
Retained earnings(608,408)1,772,398 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)380,664 546,128 
Total equity5,361,951 4,047,716 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY$206,553,592 $208,308,100 


See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements


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Table of Contents                                                      
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands)
 
  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 2021202020212020
REVENUES
Premiums$51,537 $24,307 $140,804 $61,722 
Policy charges and fee income610,101 151,080 942,166 452,084 
Net investment income179,110 93,992 373,277 257,035 
Asset administration fees91,938 4,964 104,425 13,654 
Other income61,409 29,582 105,283 53,310 
Realized investment gains (losses), net(5,008,612)(1,547)(5,054,506)8,117 
TOTAL REVENUES(4,014,517)302,378 (3,388,551)845,922 
BENEFITS AND EXPENSES
Policyholders’ benefits386,003 55,828 557,992 228,004 
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances(304,406)52,266 (200,836)173,729 
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs138,794 42,299 225,749 105,246 
General, administrative and other expenses(1,039,337)119,379 (807,697)254,411 
TOTAL BENEFITS AND EXPENSES(818,946)269,772 (224,792)761,390 
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF OPERATING JOINT VENTURE(3,195,571)32,606 (3,163,759)84,532 
Income tax expense (benefit)(744,016)(117,796)(782,332)(174,314)
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS BEFORE EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF OPERATING JOINT VENTURE(2,451,555)150,402 (2,381,427)258,846 
Equity in earnings of operating joint venture, net of taxes466 (324)621 (1,624)
NET INCOME (LOSS)$(2,451,089)$150,078 $(2,380,806)$257,222 
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments877 (4,119)(3,904)(8,007)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses)(70,667)41,679 (204,902)232,706 
Total(69,790)37,560 (208,806)224,699 
Less: Income tax expense (benefit) related to other comprehensive income (loss)(15,007)10,954 (43,342)51,058 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes(54,783)26,606 (165,464)173,641 
Comprehensive income (loss)$(2,505,872)$176,684 $(2,546,270)$430,863 


See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements


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Table of Contents                                                      
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Equity
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands)
  Common  
Stock
 Additional  
Paid-in
Capital
Retained EarningsAccumulated
Other
Comprehensive  
Income (Loss)
Total Equity  
Balance, December 31, 2020$2,500 $1,726,690 $1,772,398 $546,128 $4,047,716 
Contributed capital105,900 105,900 
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income (loss)103,377 103,377 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
(281,676)(281,676)
Total comprehensive income (loss)(178,299)
Balance, March 31, 2021$2,500 $1,832,590 $1,875,775 $264,452 $3,975,317 
Contributed capital
Return of capital(34,091)(34,091)
Comprehensive income (loss):
       Net income (loss)
(33,094)(33,094)
       Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes
170,995 170,995 
Total comprehensive income (loss)
137,901 
Balance, June 30, 2021$2,500 $1,798,499 $1,842,681 $435,447 $4,079,127 
Contributed capital3,813,370 3,813,370 
Contributed (distributed) capital-parent/child asset transfers(24,674)(24,674)
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income (loss)(2,451,089)(2,451,089)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
(54,783)(54,783)
Total comprehensive income (loss)
(2,505,872)
Balance, September 30, 2021$2,500 $5,587,195 $(608,408)$380,664 $5,361,951 


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Table of Contents                                                      
 Common  
Stock
Additional  
Paid-in
Capital
Retained
Earnings  
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive  
Income (Loss)
Total Equity  
Balance, December 31, 2019$2,500 $1,153,632 $1,577,453 $281,442 $3,015,027 
Cumulative effect of adoption of accounting changes(1)(1,752)(1,752)
Contributed (distributed) capital-parent/child asset transfers
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income (loss)97,612 97,612 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
(126,381)(126,381)
Total comprehensive income (loss)(28,769)
Balance, March 31, 2020$2,500 $1,153,632 $1,673,313 $155,061 $2,984,506 
Contributed capital325,000 325,000 
Contributed (distributed) capital-parent/child asset transfers(1,942)(1,942)
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income (loss)9,532 9,532 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
273,416 273,416 
Total comprehensive income (loss)282,948 
Balance, June 30, 2020$2,500 $1,476,690 $1,682,845 $428,477 $3,590,512 
Contributed capital75,000 75,000 
Contributed (distributed) capital-parent/child asset transfers
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income (loss)150,078 150,078 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax26,606 26,606 
Total comprehensive income (loss)176,684 
Balance, September 30, 2020$2,500 $1,551,690 $1,832,923 $455,083 $3,842,196 
(1)Includes the impact from the adoption of ASU 2016-13. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 for additional information.

See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements


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Table of Contents                                                      
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands)
20212020
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)$(2,380,806)$257,222 
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Policy charges and fee income (23,117)(71,478)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances(200,836)173,729 
Realized investment (gains) losses, net5,054,506 (8,117)
Amortization and other non-cash items2,194,580 (51,884)
Change in:
Future policy benefits1,650,019 1,941,962 
Reinsurance recoverables(1,031,339)(1,813,912)
Accrued investment income(45,742)(1,003)
Net payables to/receivables from parent and affiliates37,027 (167,262)
Deferred policy acquisition costs(3,757,575)(416,334)
Income taxes(839,899)(188,785)
Derivatives, net(481,898)46,727 
Other, net143,809 (5,744)
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities318,729 (304,879)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from the sale/maturity/prepayment of:
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale932,746 254,708 
Fixed maturities, trading5,567 0 
Equity securities99,362 198 
Policy loans128,140 127,219 
Ceded policy loans(9,616)(9,783)
Short-term investments79,584 174,584 
Commercial mortgage and other loans198,654 97,201 
Other invested assets122,821 7,299 
Payments for the purchase/origination of:
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1,422,592)(603,729)
Fixed maturities, trading(107,007)(13,418)
Equity securities(41,092)(6)
Policy loans(90,102)(103,923)
Ceded policy loans10,061 17,639 
Short-term investments(77,669)(371,508)
Commercial mortgage and other loans(227,104)(86,716)
Other invested assets(83,235)(48,390)
Notes receivable from parent and affiliates, net(54,928)(87)
Derivatives, net4,459 (928)
Other, net(5,775)1,673 
Cash flows from (used in) investing activities(537,726)(557,967)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Policyholders’ account deposits 3,677,850 3,611,907 
Ceded policyholders’ account deposits(842,153)(2,642,461)
Policyholders’ account withdrawals (3,010,737)(2,487,346)
Ceded policyholders’ account withdrawals246,895 2,048,783 
Net change in securities sold under agreement to repurchase and cash collateral for loaned securities
(2,717)(4,798)
Contributed capital493,756 400,000 
Contributed (distributed) capital - parent/child asset transfers(3,946)(2,458)
Net change in all other financing arrangements (maturities 90 days or less)0 1,452 
Proceeds from the issuance of debt (maturities longer than 90 days)323,839 0 
Drafts outstanding18,192 8,363 
Other, net (8,026)(83)
Cash flows from (used in) financing activities892,953 933,359 
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS673,956 70,513 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR426,979 563,199 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD$1,100,935 $633,712 
Significant Non-Cash Transactions
Cash Flows from Investing and Financing Activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 excludes certain non-cash transactions related to the Pruco Life Insurance Company recapturing the risks related to its business that had previously been reinsured to Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation from April 1, 2016 through June 30, 2021, which was effective July 1, 2021. See Note 1 for additional information. There were no significant non-cash transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements


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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

1.    BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Pruco Life Insurance Company (“Pruco Life”) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Prudential Insurance Company of America (“Prudential Insurance”), which in turn is a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial, Inc. (“Prudential Financial”). Pruco Life is a stock life insurance company organized in 1971 under the laws of the State of Arizona. It is licensed to sell life insurance and annuities in the District of Columbia, Guam and in all states except New York, and sells such products primarily through affiliated and unaffiliated distributors.

Pruco Life has one wholly-owned insurance subsidiary, Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey (“PLNJ”). PLNJ is a stock life insurance company organized in 1982 under the laws of the State of New Jersey. It is licensed to sell life insurance and annuities in New Jersey and New York only. Pruco Life and its subsidiary are together referred to as the "Company", "we" or "our" and all financial information is shown on a consolidated basis.

Effective July 1, 2021, the Company recaptured the risks related to its variable annuity base contracts, along with the living benefit guarantees, that had previously been reinsured to Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation (“PALAC”) from April 1, 2016 through June 30, 2021. The recapture does not impact PLNJ, which will continue to reinsure its new and in force business to Prudential Insurance. The product risks related to the previously reinsured business that were being managed in PALAC, were transferred to the Company. In addition, the living benefit hedging program related to the previously reinsured living benefit riders will be managed within the Company. This transaction is referred to as the "2021 Variable Annuities Recapture".



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

The financial statement impacts of this transaction are as follows:

Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

Balance as of June 30, 2021Impacts of RecaptureTotal as of July 1, 2021
(in millions)
ASSETS
Total investments(1)(2)$10,705 $8,324 $19,029 
Cash and cash equivalents238 414 652 
Deferred policy acquisition costs2,790 3,286 6,076 
Accrued investment income 97 42 139 
Reinsurance recoverables42,956 (12,307)30,649 
Deferred sales inducements0 388 388 
Receivable from parent and affiliates280 0 280 
Income taxes receivable274 765 1,039 
Other assets403 (84)319 
Separate account assets150,165 0 150,165 
TOTAL ASSETS$207,908 $828 $208,736 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
LIABILITIES
Future policy benefits$27,399 $0 $27,399 
Policyholders’ account balances24,326 0 24,326 
Cash collateral for loaned securities3 0 3 
Payables to parent and affiliates176 (106)70 
Other liabilities1,760 0 1,760 
Separate account liabilities150,165 0 150,165 
Total Liabilities203,829 (106)203,723 
EQUITY
Common stock3 0 3 
Additional paid-in capital(3)1,798 3,786 5,584 
Retained earnings1,843 (2,797)(954)
Accumulated other comprehensive income435 (55)380 
Total equity4,079 934 5,013 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY$207,908 $828 $208,736 
Significant non-cash transactions
(1) The increase in total investments includes non-cash activities of $8.3 billion related to the recapture transaction.
(2) The Company incurred a loss related to ceding commissions of $2 billion.
(3) The increase in Additional paid-in capital includes non-cash activities of $3.4 billion in invested assets related to capital contributions from Prudential Insurance.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021Impacts of Recapture
(in millions)
REVENUES
Other income (loss)$(1)
Realized investment gains (losses), net(4,953)
TOTAL REVENUES(4,954)
BENEFITS AND EXPENSES
Policyholders’ benefits257 
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances(399)
General, administrative and other expenses(1,272)
TOTAL BENEFITS AND EXPENSES(1,414)
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES(3,540)
Income tax expense (benefit)(743)
NET INCOME (LOSS)$(2,797)


Affiliated Asset Transfers

AffiliatePeriodTransactionSecurity TypeFair ValueBook ValueAPIC/ Retained Earnings Increase/(Decrease)Realized Investment Gain/(Loss), NetDerivative Gain/(Loss)
(in millions)
PALACJuly 1, 2021PurchaseDerivatives, Fixed Maturities, Equity Securities, Commercial Mortgages and JV/LP Investments$4,908 $4,908 $0 $0 $0 
Prudential InsuranceJuly 1, 2021Contributed CapitalFixed Maturities$3,420 $3,420 $3,420 $0 $0 

As part of the recapture transaction, the Company received invested assets of $6.8 billion, net of $2.0 billion ceding commissions as consideration from PALAC, which is equivalent to the amount of statutory reserve credit taken as of June 30, 2021. The Company released a reinsurance recoverable of $12.3 billion.

The Company derecognized its ceded Deferred Acquisition Costs ("DAC") and Deferred Sales Inducements ("DSI") balances as of June 30, 2021. The company also recognized a net deferred reinsurance loss from the original transaction of $0.1 billion. As a result of the recapture transaction, the Company recognized a pre-tax loss of $3.5 billion immediately.

There was a $3.8 billion capital contribution from Prudential Insurance, which includes $3.4 billion in invested assets and $0.4 billion in cash.

Basis of Presentation

The Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) on a basis consistent with reporting interim financial information in accordance with instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position and results of operations have been made. All such adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The most significant estimates include those used in determining DAC and related amortization; policyholders' account balances related to the fair value of embedded derivative instruments associated with the index-linked features of certain universal life products; valuation of investments including derivatives, measurement of allowance for credit losses, and the recognition of other-than-temporary impairments; future policy benefits including guarantees; reinsurance recoverables; provision for income taxes and valuation of deferred tax assets; and accruals for contingent liabilities, including estimates for losses in connection with unresolved legal and regulatory matters.

COVID-19

Since the first quarter of 2020, the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) has resulted in extreme stress and disruption in the global economy and financial markets. While markets have rebounded, the pandemic has adversely impacted, and may continue to adversely impact, the Company's results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Due to the highly uncertain nature of these conditions, it is not possible to estimate the ultimate impacts at this time. The risks may have manifested, and may continue to manifest, in the Company's financial statements in the areas of, among others, i) investments: increased risk of loss on our investments due to default or deterioration in credit quality or value; and ii) insurance liabilities and related balances: potential changes to assumptions regarding investment returns, mortality and policyholder behavior which are reflected in our insurance liabilities and certain related balances (e.g., DAC, etc.). The Company cannot predict what impact the COVID-19 pandemic will ultimately have on its businesses.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

2.    SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRONOUNCEMENTS

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") in the form of Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"). The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs listed below include those that have been adopted during the current fiscal year and/or those that have been issued but not yet adopted as of September 30, 2021, and as of the date of this filing. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or not material.

ASU issued but not yet adopted as of September 30, 2021 — ASU 2018-12

ASU 2018-12, Financial Services - Insurance (Topic 944): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts, was issued by the FASB on August 15, 2018. In October 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-09, Financial Services - Insurance (Topic 944): Effective Date to affirm its decision to defer the effective date of ASU 2018-12 to January 1, 2022 (with early adoption permitted), representing a one year extension from the original effective date of January 1, 2021. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, in November 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-11, Financial Services-Insurance (Topic 944): Effective Date and Early Application to defer for an additional one year the effective date of ASU 2018-12 from January 1, 2022 to January 1, 2023, and to provide transition relief to facilitate the early adoption of the ASU. The transition relief would allow large calendar-year public companies that early adopt ASU 2018-12 to apply the guidance either as of January 1, 2020 or January 1, 2021 (and record transition adjustments as of January 1, 2020 or January 1, 2021, respectively) in the 2022 financial


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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

statements. Companies that do not early adopt ASU 2018-12 would apply the guidance as of January 1, 2021 (and record transition adjustments as of January 1, 2021) in the 2023 financial statements. The Company currently intends to adopt ASU 2018-12 effective January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective transition method where permitted.

ASU 2018-12 will impact, at least to some extent, the accounting and disclosure requirements for all long-duration insurance and investment contracts issued by the Company. The Company expects the standard to have a significant financial impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements and will significantly enhance disclosures. In addition to the significant impacts to the balance sheet upon adoption, the Company also expects an impact to the pattern of earnings emergence following the transition date.

Outlined below are four key areas of change, although there are other less significant changes not noted below.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

ASU 2018-12 Amended TopicDescriptionMethod of adoptionEffect on the financial statements or other significant matters
Cash flow assumptions used to measure the liability for future policy benefits for non-participating traditional and limited-pay insurance productsRequires an entity to review, and if necessary, update the cash flow assumptions used to measure the liability for future policy benefits, for both changes in future assumptions and actual experience, at least annually using a retrospective update method with a cumulative catch-up adjustment recorded in a separate line item in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.An entity may choose one of two adoption methods for the liability for future policy benefits: (1) a modified retrospective transition method whereby the entity may choose to apply the amendments to contracts in force as of the beginning of the prior year (if early adoption is elected) or as of the beginning of the earliest period presented on the basis of their existing carrying amounts, adjusted for the removal of any related amounts in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") or (2) a full retrospective transition method.The Company currently intends to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective transition method. The impacts of electing such method are currently under assessment.
Discount rate assumption used to measure the liability for future policy benefits for non-participating traditional and limited-pay insurance productsRequires discount rate assumptions to be based on an upper-medium grade fixed income instrument yield, which will be updated each quarter with the impact recorded through OCI. An entity shall maximize the use of relevant observable information and minimize the use of unobservable information in determining the discount rate assumptions.As noted above, an entity may choose either a modified retrospective transition method or full retrospective transition method for the liability for future policy benefits. Under either method, for balance sheet remeasurement purposes, the liability for future policy benefits will be remeasured using current discount rates as of either the beginning of the prior year (if early adoption is elected) or the beginning of the earliest period presented with the impact recorded as a cumulative effect adjustment to AOCI.As noted above, the Company currently intends to adopt the guidance for the liability for future policy benefits effective January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective transition method. Upon adoption, there will be an adjustment to AOCI as a result of remeasuring in force contract liabilities using current upper-medium grade fixed income instrument yields. The adjustment upon adoption will largely reflect the difference between discount rates locked-in at contract inception versus current discount rates at transition. The magnitude of such adjustment is currently being assessed.
Amortization of DAC and other balancesRequires DAC and other balances, such as unearned revenue reserves and DSI, to be amortized on a constant level basis over the expected term of the related contract, independent of expected profitability.An entity may apply one of two adoption methods: (1) a modified retrospective transition method whereby the entity may choose to apply the amendments to contracts in force as of the beginning of the prior year (if early adoption is elected) or as of the beginning of the earliest period presented on the basis of their existing carrying amounts, adjusted for the removal of any related amounts in AOCI or (2) if an entity chooses a full retrospective transition method for its liability for future policy benefits, as described above, it is required to also use a full retrospective transition method for DAC and other balances.The Company currently intends to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective transition method. Under the modified retrospective transition method, the Company would not expect a significant impact to the balance sheet, other than the impact of the removal of any related amounts in AOCI.
Market Risk Benefits ("MRB")Requires an entity to measure all market risk benefits (e.g., living benefit and death benefit guarantees associated with variable annuities) at fair value, and record MRB assets and liabilities separately on the Statements of Financial Position. Changes in fair value of market risk benefits are recorded in net income, except for the portion of the change in MRB liabilities attributable to changes in an entity’s non-performance risk ("NPR"), which is recognized in OCI.An entity shall adopt the guidance for market risk benefits using the retrospective transition method, which includes a cumulative-effect adjustment on the balance sheet as of either the beginning of prior year (if early adoption is elected) or the beginning of the earliest period presented. An entity shall maximize the use of relevant observable information and minimize the use of unobservable information in determining the balance of the market risk benefits upon adoption.The Company currently intends to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2023 using the retrospective transition method. Upon adoption, the Company expects an impact to retained earnings for the difference between the fair value and carrying value of benefits not currently measured at fair value (e.g., guaranteed minimum death benefits on variable annuities) and an impact from reclassifying the cumulative effect of changes in NPR from retained earnings to AOCI. The magnitude of such adjustments is currently being assessed.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Modifications related to COVID-19

We assess modifications to certain fixed income instruments on a case-by-case basis to evaluate whether a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") has occurred. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") provides a temporary suspension of TDR accounting for certain COVID-19 related modifications where the investment was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019 (“TDR Relief”). The TDR Relief was set to expire on December 31, 2020, but was extended through December 31, 2021 by the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021. The Company elected to apply the TDR Relief beginning in the first quarter of 2021. The TDR Relief does not apply to modifications completed 60 days after the national emergency related to COVID-19 ends, or December 31, 2021, whichever comes earlier. As of September 30, 2021, any such modifications did not have a material impact on the Company's results of operations. For additional information regarding the Company’s policies for troubled debt restructurings, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

3.    INVESTMENTS

Fixed Maturity Securities

The following tables set forth the composition of fixed maturity securities (excluding investments classified as trading), as of the dates indicated:
 September 30, 2021
 Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Allowance for Credit LossesFair
Value
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$358,184 $22,847 $101 $0 $380,930 
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions481,474 48,044 128 0 529,390 
Foreign government bonds275,756 25,679 3,125 0 298,310 
U.S. public corporate securities4,086,880 358,688 25,239 0 4,420,329 
U.S. private corporate securities1,445,143 65,984 8,522 1,558 1,501,047 
Foreign public corporate securities767,349 33,121 6,134 0 794,336 
Foreign private corporate securities1,909,870 63,187 30,695 679 1,941,683 
Asset-backed securities(1)338,088 974 581 0 338,481 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities453,399 25,153 1,992 0 476,560 
Residential mortgage-backed securities(2)19,253 1,836 0 0 21,089 
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale$10,135,396 $645,513 $76,517 $2,237 $10,702,155 

(1)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, education loans, auto loans and other asset types.
(2)Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.

 December 31, 2020
 Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Allowance for Credit LossesFair
Value
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$74,946 $2,931 $22 $0 $77,855 
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions460,003 57,948 0 0 517,951 
Foreign government bonds206,633 44,254 32 0 250,855 
U.S. public corporate securities2,473,440 456,581 587 0 2,929,434 
U.S. private corporate securities919,316 95,793 2,198 855 1,012,056 
Foreign public corporate securities278,717 42,899 886 0 320,730 
Foreign private corporate securities977,539 123,006 7,131 1,484 1,091,930 
Asset-backed securities(1)236,909 1,115 386 0 237,638 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities480,412 40,660 125 0 520,947 
Residential mortgage-backed securities(2)49,456 3,779 0 0 53,235 
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale$6,157,371 $868,966 $11,367 $2,339 $7,012,631 

(1)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, credit cards, auto loans, education loans and sub-prime mortgages.
(2)Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

The following tables set forth the fair value and gross unrealized losses on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities without an allowance for credit losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of the dates indicated:
 September 30, 2021
 Less Than Twelve MonthsTwelve Months or MoreTotal
 Fair Value  Gross
  Unrealized  Losses
Fair Value  Gross
  Unrealized  Losses
Fair Value  Gross
  Unrealized  Losses
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$0 $0 $2,141 $101 $2,141 $101 
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions17,997 128 0 0 17,997 128 
Foreign government bonds86,349 3,123 81 2 86,430 3,125 
U.S. public corporate securities1,497,660 24,875 7,527 364 1,505,187 25,239 
U.S. private corporate securities483,604 5,782 16,458 2,740 500,062 8,522 
Foreign public corporate securities406,354 4,734 7,510 1,400 413,864 6,134 
Foreign private corporate securities953,235 23,099 62,258 7,116 1,015,493 30,215 
Asset-backed securities110,654 581 0 0 110,654 581 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities73,101 1,285 16,846 707 89,947 1,992 
Residential mortgage-backed securities0 0 0 0 0 0 
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale$3,628,954 $63,607 $112,821 $12,430 $3,741,775 $76,037 


 December 31, 2020
 Less Than Twelve MonthsTwelve Months or MoreTotal
 Fair ValueGross
  Unrealized  Losses
Fair ValueGross
  Unrealized  Losses
Fair ValueGross
  Unrealized  Losses
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of
U.S. government authorities and agencies
$2,255 $22 $0 $0 $2,255 $22 
Foreign government bonds2,270 32 0 0 2,270 32 
U.S. public corporate securities33,295 341 2,754 246 36,049 587 
U.S. private corporate securities33,806 771 6,659 1,427 40,465 2,198 
Foreign public corporate securities6,432 97 6,464 789 12,896 886 
Foreign private corporate securities2,931 131 85,340 6,657 88,271 6,788 
Asset-backed securities51,914 183 70,503 203 122,417 386 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities17,443 125 0 0 17,443 125 
Residential mortgage-backed securities0 0 0 0 0 0 
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale$150,346 $1,702 $171,720 $9,322 $322,066 $11,024 

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity available-for-sale securities without an allowance were composed of $62.8 million and $5.0 million, respectively, related to “1” highest quality or “2” high quality securities based on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) or equivalent rating and $13.2 million and $6.0 million, respectively, related to other than high or highest quality securities based on NAIC or equivalent rating. As of September 30, 2021, the $12.4 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in the Company’s corporate securities within the energy, utility and finance sectors. As of December 31, 2020, the $9.3 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in the Company's corporate securities within the finance, energy and utility sectors.


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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

In accordance with its policy described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company concluded that an adjustment to earnings for credit losses related to these fixed maturity securities was not warranted at September 30, 2021. This conclusion was based on a detailed analysis of the underlying credit and cash flows on each security. Gross unrealized losses are primarily attributable to increases in interest rates, general credit spread widening, foreign currency exchange rate movements and the financial condition or near-term prospects of the issuer. As of September 30, 2021, the Company did not intend to sell these securities, and it was not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of the remaining amortized cost basis.

The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities by contractual maturities, as of the date indicated:
September 30, 2021
 Amortized CostFair Value
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
Due in one year or less$138,773 $138,226 
Due after one year through five years1,825,519 1,858,235 
Due after five years through ten years2,355,010 2,396,158 
Due after ten years5,005,354 5,473,406 
Asset-backed securities338,088 338,481 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities453,399 476,560 
Residential mortgage-backed securities19,253 21,089 
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale$10,135,396 $10,702,155 

Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities are shown separately in the table above, as they do not have a single maturity date.

The following table sets forth the sources of fixed maturity proceeds and related investment gains (losses), as well as losses on write-downs and the allowance for credit losses of fixed maturities, for the periods indicated:
 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2021202020212020
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
Proceeds from sales(1)$268,215 $55,657 $585,205 $68,598 
Proceeds from maturities/prepayments180,569 51,892 351,027 189,646 
Gross investment gains from sales and maturities7,853 1,245 16,361 1,837 
Gross investment losses from sales and maturities(2,991)(82)(14,647)(1,818)
Write-downs recognized in earnings(2)(1)(3,290)(3)(4,312)
(Addition to) release of allowance for credit losses(1,678)2,039 103 (2,533)

(1)Includes $3.5 million of non-cash related proceeds due to the timing of trade settlements for both the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.
(2)Amounts represent write-downs on securities actively marketed for sale and write-downs on securities approaching maturity related to foreign exchange movements.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

The following tables set forth the activity in the allowance for credit losses for fixed maturity securities, as of the dates indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. StatesForeign Government BondsU.S. and Foreign Corporate SecuritiesAsset-Backed SecuritiesCommercial Mortgage-Backed SecuritiesResidential Mortgage-Backed SecuritiesTotal
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
Balance, beginning of period$0 $0 $558 $0 $0 $0 $558 
Additions to allowance for credit losses not previously recorded
0 0 1,558 0 0 0 1,558 
Reductions for securities sold during the period
0 0 (3)0 0 0 (3)
Addition (reductions) on securities with previous allowance
0 0 124 0 0 0 124 
Balance, end of period$0 $0 $2,237 $0 $0 $0 $2,237 


Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. StatesForeign Government BondsU.S. and Foreign Corporate SecuritiesAsset-Backed SecuritiesCommercial Mortgage-Backed SecuritiesResidential Mortgage-Backed SecuritiesTotal
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
Balance, beginning of period$0 $0 $4,572 $0 $0 $0 $4,572 
Additions to allowance for credit losses not previously recorded
0 0 781 0 0 0 781 
Reductions for securities sold during the period
0 0 (2,701)0 0 0 (2,701)
Addition (reductions) on securities with previous allowance
0 0 (119)0 0 0 (119)
Balance, end of period$0 $0 $2,533 $0 $0 $0 $2,533 



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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. StatesForeign Government BondsU.S. and Foreign Corporate SecuritiesAsset-Backed SecuritiesCommercial Mortgage-Backed SecuritiesResidential Mortgage-Backed SecuritiesTotal
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
Balance, beginning of period$0 $0 $2,339 $0 $0 $0 $2,339 
Additions to allowance for credit losses not previously recorded
0 0 1,558 0 0 0 1,558 
Reductions for securities sold during the period
0 0 (28)0 0 0 (28)
Addition (reductions) on securities with previous allowance
0 0 (1,632)0 0 0 (1,632)
Balance, end of period$0 $0 $2,237 $0 $0 $0 $2,237 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. StatesForeign Government BondsU.S. and Foreign Corporate SecuritiesAsset-Backed SecuritiesCommercial Mortgage-Backed SecuritiesResidential Mortgage-Backed SecuritiesTotal
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
Balance, beginning of period$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 
Additions to allowance for credit losses not previously recorded
0 0 5,672 0 0 0 5,672 
Reductions for securities sold during the period
0 0 (2,710)0 0 0 (2,710)
Addition (reductions) on securities with previous allowance
0 0 (429)0 0 0 (429)
Write-downs charged against the allowance
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Balance, end of period$0 $0 $2,533 $0 $0 $0 $2,533 


See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 for additional information about the Company’s methodology for developing our allowance for credit losses.

For the three months ended September 30, 2021, the net increase in the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale securities was primarily related to adverse projected cash flows in the transportation and communication sectors within private corporate securities. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the net decrease in the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale securities was primarily related to restructurings in the energy sector within corporate securities.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the net decrease in the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale securities was primarily related to net recoveries in the communication and utility sectors, partially offset by adverse projected cash flows in the transportation sector within private corporate securities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the net increase in the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale securities was primarily related to adverse projected cash flows in the communication and utility sectors within private corporate securities.



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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

The Company did not have any fixed maturity securities purchased with credit deterioration, as of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
Fixed Maturities, Trading

The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from fixed maturities, trading still held at period end, recorded within “Other income (loss),” was $(2.6) million and $5.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $(5.1) million and $2.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Equity Securities

The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from equity securities still held at period end, recorded within “Other income,” was $0.4 million and $1.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $0.4 million and $1.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans

The following table sets forth the composition of “Commercial mortgage and other loans,” as of the dates indicated:
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
 Amount
(in thousands)
% of
Total
Amount
(in thousands)
% of
Total
Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type:
Apartments/Multi-Family$546,483 26.7 %$364,549 28.2 %
Hospitality37,345 1.8 34,069 2.6 
Industrial693,418 33.9 399,017 30.9 
Office320,973 15.6 195,443 15.1 
Other195,986 9.6 138,477 10.7 
Retail192,186 9.4 142,266 11.0 
Total commercial mortgage loans1,986,391 97.0 1,273,821 98.5 
Agricultural property loans60,517 3.0 19,577 1.5 
Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans2,046,908 100.0 %1,293,398 100.0 %
Allowance for credit losses(4,254)(4,552)
Total net commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans$2,042,654 $1,288,846 

As of September 30, 2021, the commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans were secured by properties geographically dispersed throughout the United States (with the largest concentrations in California (28%), Texas (9%) and New York (8%)) and included loans secured by properties in Europe (14%), Mexico (4%) and Australia (4%).



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

The following tables set forth the activity in the allowance for credit losses for commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30,
20212020
Commercial Mortgage LoansAgricultural Property LoansTotalCommercial Mortgage LoansAgricultural Property LoansTotal
(in thousands)
Allowance, beginning of period$3,380 $24 $3,404 $4,549 $10 $4,559 
Addition to (release of) allowance for expected losses850 0 850 84 (2)82 
Allowance, end of period$4,230 $24 $4,254 $4,633 $8 $4,641 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20212020
Commercial Mortgage LoansAgricultural Property LoansTotalCommercial Mortgage LoansAgricultural Property LoansTotal
(in thousands)
Allowance, beginning of period$4,546 $6 $4,552 $1,743 $25 $1,768 
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-130 0 0 2,495 (8)2,487 
Addition to (release of) allowance for expected losses(316)18 (298)395 (9)386 
Allowance, end of period$4,230 $24 $4,254 $4,633 $8 $4,641 



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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 for additional information about the Company's methodology for developing our allowance and expected losses.

For the three months ended September 30, 2021, the net increase in the allowance for credit losses on commercial mortgage and other loans was primarily related to the acquisition of loans, partially offset by the improving credit environment. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the net increase in the allowance for credit losses on commercial mortgage and other loans was primarily related to new loan originations.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the net decrease in the allowance for credit losses on commercial mortgage and other loans was primarily related to the improving credit environment, partially offset by net addition due to the acquisition of loans. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the net increase in the allowance for credit losses on commercial mortgage and other loans was primarily related to the cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13.

The following tables set forth key credit quality indicators based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as of the dates indicated:
September 30, 2021
Amortized Cost by Origination Year
20212020201920182017PriorTotal
(in thousands)
Commercial mortgage loans
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
0%-59.99%$47,163 $16,342 $87,397 $65,975 $136,869 $526,833 $880,579 
60%-69.99%76,864 194,700 121,550 99,339 77,051 146,574 716,078 
70%-79.99%64,690 67,271 64,170 22,384 108,233 60,845 387,593 
80% or greater0 0 0 0 963 1,178 2,141 
Total$188,717 $278,313 $273,117 $187,698 $323,116 $735,430 $1,986,391 
Debt Service Coverage Ratio:
Greater or Equal to 1.2x$171,349 $186,140 $245,018 $178,068 $307,561 $667,944 $1,756,080 
1.0 - 1.2x17,368 88,712 12,174 0 7,155 20,573 145,982 
Less than 1.0x0 3,461 15,925 9,630 8,400 46,913 84,329 
Total$188,717 $278,313 $273,117 $187,698 $323,116 $735,430 $1,986,391 
Agricultural property loans
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
0%-59.99%$24,696 $0 $2,050 $5,096 $8,571 $20,104 $60,517 
60%-69.99%0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
70%-79.99%0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
80% or greater0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Total$24,696 $0 $2,050 $5,096 $8,571 $20,104 $60,517 
Debt Service Coverage Ratio:
Greater or Equal to 1.2x$24,696 $0 $2,050 $5,096 $8,571 $19,289 $59,702 
1.0 - 1.2x0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Less than 1.0x0 0 0 0 0 815 815 
Total$24,696 $0 $2,050 $5,096 $8,571 $20,104 $60,517 


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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

December 31, 2020
Amortized Cost by Origination Year
20202019201820172016PriorTotal
(in thousands)
Commercial mortgage loans
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
0%-59.99%$10,645 $47,284 $33,443 $92,410 $162,030 $251,903 $597,715 
60%-69.99%69,819 95,331 141,260 52,710 80,875 43,823 483,818 
70%-79.99%63,783 36,099 22,431 32,476 21,178 15,342 191,309 
80% or greater0 0 0 979 0 0 979 
Total$144,247 $178,714 $197,134 $178,575 $264,083 $311,068 $1,273,821 
Debt Service Coverage Ratio:
Greater or Equal to 1.2x$128,839 $159,476 $177,098 $171,255 $238,010 $290,741 $1,165,419 
1.0 - 1.2x15,408 10,334 7,134 7,320 26,073 16,418 82,687 
Less than 1.0x0 8,904 12,902 0 0 3,909 25,715 
Total$144,247 $178,714 $197,134 $178,575 $264,083 $311,068 $1,273,821 
Agricultural property loans
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
0%-59.99%$0 $0 $0 $6,486 $0 $13,091 $19,577 
60%-69.99%0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
70%-79.99%0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
80% or greater0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Total$0 $0 $0 $6,486 $0 $13,091 $19,577 
Debt Service Coverage Ratio:
Greater or Equal to 1.2x$0 $0 $0 $6,486 $0 $12,276 $18,762 
1.0 - 1.2x0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Less than 1.0x0 0 0 0 0 815 815 
Total$0 $0 $0 $6,486 $0 $13,091 $19,577 

See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 for additional information about the Company’s commercial mortgage and other loans credit quality monitoring process.

The following tables set forth an aging of past due commercial mortgage and other loans based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as well as the amount of commercial mortgage and other loans on non-accrual status, as of the dates indicated:
September 30, 2021
Current30-59 Days Past Due60-89 Days Past Due90 Days or More Past Due(1)Total LoansNon-Accrual Status(2)
(in thousands)
Commercial mortgage loans$1,986,391 $0 $0 $0 $1,986,391 $0 
Agricultural property loans60,517 0 0 0 60,517 0 
Total$2,046,908 $0 $0 $0 $2,046,908 $0 

(1)As of September 30, 2021, there were no loans in this category accruing interest.
(2)For additional information regarding the Company’s policies for accruing interest on loans, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.


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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

December 31, 2020
Current30-59 Days Past Due60-89 Days Past Due90 Days or More Past Due(1)Total LoansNon-Accrual Status(2)
(in thousands)
Commercial mortgage loans$1,273,821 $0 $0 $0 $1,273,821 $0 
Agricultural property loans19,577 0 0 0 19,577 0 
Total$1,293,398 $0 $0 $0 $1,293,398 $0 

(1)As of December 31, 2020, there were no loans in this category accruing interest.
(2)For additional information regarding the Company’s policies for accruing interest on loans, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

The Company did not have any commercial mortgage and other loans purchased with credit deterioration, as of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, there were $806 million and $0 million of commercial mortgage loans acquired, other than those through direct origination. For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, there were $69 million and $0 million, respectively, of commercial mortgage and other loans sold.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, there were $806 million and $0 million, respectively, of commercial mortgage loans acquired, other than those through direct origination. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, there were $69 million and $0 million, respectively, of commercial mortgage and other loans sold.

Other Invested Assets

The following table sets forth the composition of “Other invested assets,” as of the dates indicated:
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
 (in thousands)
Company’s investment in separate accounts$50,150 $44,018 
LPs/LLCs:
Equity method:
Private equity263,763 241,493 
Hedge funds557,844 77,311 
Real estate-related78,376 63,194 
Subtotal equity method899,983 381,998 
Fair value:
Private equity66,936 65,436 
Hedge funds468 499 
Real estate-related10,144 10,857 
Subtotal fair value77,548 76,792 
Total LPs/LLCs977,531 458,790 
Derivative instruments224,841 18,147 
Total other invested assets$1,252,522 $520,955 



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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Accrued Investment Income

The following table sets forth the composition of “Accrued investment income,” as of the dates indicated:
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities$97,915 $54,565 
Equity securities163 1 
Commercial mortgage and other loans5,196 3,610 
Policy loans35,423 35,374 
Other(1)243 0 
Short-term investments and cash equivalents415 63 
Total accrued investment income$139,355 $93,613 
(1)Primarily includes affiliated accrued income.

There were no write-downs on accrued investment income for both the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.

Net Investment Income

The following table sets forth “Net investment income” by investment type, for the periods indicated:
 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2021202020212020
 (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$85,160 $54,494 $208,748 $163,957 
Fixed maturities, trading18,458 471 19,533 1,264 
Equity securities163 102 368 307 
Commercial mortgage and other loans17,098 11,921 43,846 38,019 
Policy loans17,748 17,716 52,097 52,642 
Other invested assets47,685 13,890 66,493 12,146 
Short-term investments and cash equivalents303 376 463 2,988 
Gross investment income186,615 98,970 391,548 271,323 
Less: investment expenses(7,505)(4,978)(18,271)(14,288)
Net investment income$179,110 $93,992 $373,277 $257,035 

Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net 

The following table sets forth “Realized investment gains (losses), net” by investment type, for the periods indicated:
 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2021202020212020
 (in thousands)
Fixed maturities(1)$3,183 $(88)$1,814 $(6,826)
Commercial mortgage and other loans2,538 (82)3,686 (314)
Other invested assets(6,452)14 (5,543)(296)
Derivatives(2)(5,007,888)(1,395)(5,054,459)15,709 
Short-term investments and cash equivalents7 4 (4)(156)
Realized investment gains (losses), net$(5,008,612)$(1,547)$(5,054,506)$8,117 
 
(1)Includes fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale and excludes fixed maturity securities classified as trading.
(2)Includes the impact of the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture. See Note 1 for additional information.


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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)


Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments within AOCI

The following table sets forth net unrealized gains (losses) on investments, as of the dates indicated:
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
 (in thousands)
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale with an allowance$975 $0 
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale without an allowance568,021 857,599 
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges(1)32,216 (8,112)
Affiliated notes, available-for-sale1,413 4,024 
Other investments(2)558 (4,162)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments$603,183 $849,349 

(1)For more information on cash flow hedges, see Note 4.
(2)Includes net unrealized gains (losses) on certain joint ventures that are strategic in nature and are included in "other assets".

Repurchase Agreements and Securities Lending

In the normal course of business, the Company sells securities under agreements to repurchase and enters into securities lending transactions. As of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had no repurchase agreements.

The following table sets forth the composition of “Cash collateral for loaned securities,” which represents the liability to return cash collateral received for the following types of securities loaned, as of the dates indicated:
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Remaining Contractual Maturities of the AgreementsRemaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements
Overnight & ContinuousUp to 30 DaysTotalOvernight & ContinuousUp to 30 DaysTotal
(in thousands)
Foreign public corporate securities$0 $0 $0 $2,725 $0 $2,725 
Total cash collateral for loaned securities(1)$0 $0 $0 $2,725 $0 $2,725 

(1)The Company did not have any agreements with remaining contractual maturities greater than thirty days, as of the dates indicated.

4.    DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING

Types of Derivative Instruments and Derivative Strategies

The Company utilizes various derivative instruments and strategies to manage its risk. Commonly used derivative instruments include, but are not necessarily limited to:
Interest rate contracts: futures, swaps, options, caps and floors
Equity contracts: futures, options and total return swaps
Foreign exchange contracts: futures, options, forwards and swaps
Credit contracts: single and index reference credit default swaps

Other types of financial contracts that the Company accounts for as derivatives include:
Embedded derivatives

For detailed information on these contracts and the related strategies, see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Primary Risks Managed by Derivatives

The table below provides a summary of the gross notional amount and fair value of derivative contracts by the primary underlying risks, excluding embedded derivatives and associated reinsurance recoverables. Many derivative instruments contain multiple underlying risks. The fair value amounts below represent the value of derivative contracts prior to taking into account the netting effects of master netting agreements and cash collateral.
 September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Primary Underlying Risk/Instrument Type Fair Value Fair Value
Gross NotionalAssetsLiabilitiesGross NotionalAssetsLiabilities
 (in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Currency/Interest Rate
Interest Rate Swaps$3,383 $73 $0 $3,486 $203 $0 
Foreign Currency Swaps839,726 36,260 (10,309)861,074 27,336 (49,316)
Total Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments$843,109 $36,333 $(10,309)$864,560 $27,539 $(49,316)
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Interest Rate
Interest Rate Swaps$132,732,910 $5,889,729 $(10,791,716)$663,050 $57,024 $(11,117)
Interest Rate Options9,898,000 186,499 (169,030)0 0 0 
Interest Rate Futures3,660,200 3,384 (19)57,700 198 0 
Interest Rate Forwards178,122 130 (3,846)0 0 0 
Foreign Currency
Foreign Currency Forwards84,434 1,392 (33)55,292 5 (1,322)
Credit
Credit Default Swaps100,000 9,341 0 2,313 0 (18)
Currency/Interest Rate
Foreign Currency Swaps1,320,211 45,930 (20,820)143,011 6,584 (7,286)
Equity
Total Return Swaps14,491,104 297,046 (25,762)0 0 0 
Equity Options36,153,823 421,403 (702,796)3,244,900 306,196 (196,767)
Equity Futures2,864,672 87 (30,460)0 0 0 
Total Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments$201,483,476 $6,854,941 $(11,744,482)$4,166,266 $370,007 $(216,510)
Total Derivatives(1)(2)$202,326,585 $6,891,274 $(11,754,791)$5,030,826 $397,546 $(265,826)

(1)Excludes embedded derivatives and associated reinsurance recoverables which contain multiple underlying risks. The fair value of these embedded derivatives was a net liability of $9,208 million and $13,228 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively included in "Future policy benefits" and $1,154 million and $1,155 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively included in "Policyholders' account balances". The fair value of the related reinsurance, included in "Reinsurance recoverables" or "Other liabilities" was an asset of $940 million and $13,240 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
(2)Recorded in “Other invested assets” and “Payables to parent and affiliates” on the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.



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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Offsetting Assets and Liabilities

The following table presents recognized derivative instruments (excluding embedded derivatives and associated reinsurance recoverables), and repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements that are offset in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, and/or are subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement, irrespective of whether they are offset in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
 September 30, 2021
 Gross
Amounts of
Recognized
Financial
Instruments
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Consolidated Statements of
Financial
Position
Net Amounts
Presented in
the Consolidated Statements
of Financial
Position
Financial
Instruments/
Collateral(1)
Net
Amount
 (in thousands)
Offsetting of Financial Assets:
Derivatives$6,891,274 $(6,666,433)$224,841 $0 $224,841 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell50,000 0 50,000 (50,000)0 
Total Assets$6,941,274 $(6,666,433)$274,841 $(50,000)$224,841 
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:
Derivatives$11,754,791 $(11,724,418)$30,373 $(30,373)$0 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase0 0 0 0 0 
Total Liabilities$11,754,791 $(11,724,418)$30,373 $(30,373)$0 

 December 31, 2020
 Gross
Amounts of
Recognized
Financial
Instruments
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the Consolidated
Statements of
Financial
Position
Net Amounts
Presented in
the Consolidated Statements
of Financial
Position
Financial
Instruments/
Collateral(1)
Net
Amount
 (in thousands)
Offsetting of Financial Assets:
Derivatives$397,546 $(379,399)$18,147 $(14,572)$3,575 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell0 0 0 0 0 
Total Assets$397,546 $(379,399)$18,147 $(14,572)$3,575 
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:
Derivatives$265,826 $(265,826)$0 $0 $0 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase0 0 0 0 0 
Total Liabilities$265,826 $(265,826)$0 $0 $0 

(1)Amounts exclude the excess of collateral received/pledged from/to the counterparty.

For information regarding the rights of offset associated with the derivative assets and liabilities in the table above see “Credit Risk” below and Note 9. For securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the Company monitors the value of the securities and maintains collateral, as appropriate, to protect against credit exposure. Where the Company has entered into repurchase and resale agreements with the same counterparty, in the event of default, the Company would generally be permitted to exercise rights of offset. For additional information on the Company’s accounting policy for securities repurchase and resale agreements, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.







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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Cash Flow Hedges

The primary derivative instruments used by the Company in its cash flow hedge accounting relationships are currency swaps and interest rate swaps. These instruments are only designated for hedge accounting in instances where the appropriate criteria are met. The Company does not use futures, options, credit, or equity derivatives in any of its cash flow hedge accounting relationships.

The following tables provide the financial statement classification and impact of derivatives used in qualifying and non-qualifying hedge relationships, excluding the offset of the hedged item in an effective hedge relationship.
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
 Realized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
Net
Investment
Income
Other
Income
AOCI(1)
 (in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Cash flow hedges
Interest Rate$0 $12 $0 $(20)
Currency/Interest Rate928 5,211 10,053 19,988 
Total cash flow hedges928 5,223 10,053 19,968 
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Interest Rate(283,767)0 0 0 
Currency1,428 0 0 0 
Currency/Interest Rate35,346 0 42 0 
Credit(190)0 0 0 
Equity(104,815)0 0 0 
Embedded Derivatives(2)(4,656,818)0 0 0 
Total Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments(5,008,816)0 42 0 
Total$(5,007,888)$5,223 $10,095 $19,968 

 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
 Realized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
Net
Investment
Income
Other
Income
AOCI(1)
 (in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Cash flow hedges
Interest Rate$2 $35 $0 $(119)
Currency/Interest Rate834 10,002 11,174 40,447 
Total cash flow hedges836 10,037 11,174 40,328 
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Interest Rate(304,420)0 0 0 
Currency2,261 0 0 0 
Currency/Interest Rate38,437 0 28 0 
Credit(202)0 0 0 
Equity(69,558)0 0 0 
Embedded Derivatives(2)(4,721,813)0 0 0 
Total Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments(5,055,295)0 28 0 
Total$(5,054,459)$10,037 $11,202 $40,328 



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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)


 Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
 Realized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
Net
Investment
Income
Other
Income
AOCI(1)
 (in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Cash flow hedges
Interest Rate$0 $11 $0 $(15)
Currency/Interest Rate70 2,699 (5,994)(39,642)
Total cash flow hedges70 2,710 (5,994)(39,657)
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Interest Rate(4,439)0 0 0 
Currency(1,557)0 0 0 
Currency/Interest Rate(7,669)0 (67)0 
Credit(4)0 0 0 
Equity30,813 0 0 0 
Embedded Derivatives(18,609)0 0 0 
Total Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments(1,465)0 (67)0 
Total$(1,395)$2,710 $(6,061)$(39,657)

 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
 Realized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
Net
Investment
Income
Other
Income
AOCI(1)
 (in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Cash flow hedges
Interest Rate$(44)$9 $0 $313 
Currency/Interest Rate841 8,073 (853)27,772 
Total cash flow hedges797 8,082 (853)28,085 
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
Interest Rate25,270 0 0 0 
Currency(531)0 0 0 
Currency/Interest Rate7,004 0 (19)0 
Credit(229)0 0 0 
Equity(1,305)0 0 0 
Embedded Derivatives(15,297)0 0 0 
Total Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments14,912 0 (19)0 
Total$15,709 $8,082 $(872)$28,085 

(1)Net change in AOCI.
(2)Includes the impact from 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture, see Note 1 for further details.


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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)


Presented below is a rollforward of current period cash flow hedges in AOCI before taxes:
 (in thousands)    
Balance, December 31, 2020$(8,112)
Amount recorded in AOCI
Interest Rate(82)
Currency/Interest Rate62,457 
Total amount recorded in AOCI62,375 
Amount reclassified from AOCI to income
Interest Rate(37)
Currency/Interest Rate(22,010)
Total amount reclassified from AOCI to income(22,047)
Balance, September 30, 2021$32,216 

The changes in fair value of cash flow hedges are deferred in AOCI and are included in "Net unrealized investment gains (losses)" in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss); these amounts are then reclassified to earnings when the hedged item affects earnings. Using September 30, 2021 values, it is estimated that a pre-tax gain of $9 million is expected to be reclassified from AOCI to earnings during the subsequent twelve months ending September 30, 2022.

The exposures the Company is hedging with these qualifying cash flow hedges include the variability of the payment or receipt of interest or foreign currency amounts on existing financial instruments.

There were no material amounts reclassified from AOCI into earnings relating to instances in which the Company discontinued cash flow hedge accounting because the forecasted transaction did not occur by the anticipated date or within the additional time period permitted by the authoritative guidance for the accounting for derivatives and hedging.

Credit Derivatives

Credit Derivatives, where the Company has written credit protection on certain index references, had outstanding notional amounts of $100 million and $0 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. These credit derivatives are reported at fair value as an asset of $9 million and $0 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. As of September 30, 2021 the notional amount of these credit derivatives had the following NAIC rating: $100 million in NAIC 6.

The Company has purchased credit protection using credit derivatives in order to hedge specific credit exposures in the Company's investment portfolio. The Company has outstanding notional amounts of $0 million and $2 million reported as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively with a fair value of $0 million for both periods.

Counterparty Credit Risk

The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to financial derivative transactions with a positive fair value. The Company manages credit risk by entering into derivative transactions with its affiliate, Prudential Global Funding LLC (“PGF”), related to its over-the-counter ("OTC") derivatives. PGF, in turn, manages its credit risk by: (i) entering into derivative transactions with highly rated major international financial institutions and other creditworthy counterparties governed by master netting agreement, as applicable; (ii) trading through central clearing and OTC parties; (iii) obtaining collateral, such as cash and securities, when appropriate; and (iv) setting limits on single-party credit exposures which are subject to periodic management review.

Substantially all of the Company’s derivative agreements have zero thresholds which require daily full collateralization by the party in a liability position.



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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

5.    FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

Fair Value Measurement - Fair value represents the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The authoritative fair value guidance establishes a framework for measuring fair value that includes a hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 Fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible to the Company for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 Fair value is based on significant inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability through corroboration with observable market data. Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted market prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities, and other market observable inputs.

Level 3 Fair value is based on at least one significant unobservable input for the asset or liability. The assets and liabilities in this category may require significant judgment or estimation in determining the fair value.

For a discussion of the Company's valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value and the fair value hierarchy, see Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.



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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Assets and Liabilities by Hierarchy Level The tables below present the balances of assets and liabilities reported at fair value on a recurring basis, as of the dates indicated.
 September 30, 2021
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Netting(1)Total
 (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$0 $325,930 $55,000 $$380,930 
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions0 529,390 0 529,390 
Foreign government bonds0 298,158 152 298,310 
U.S. corporate public securities0 4,420,329 0 4,420,329 
U.S. corporate private securities0 1,422,947 78,100 1,501,047 
Foreign corporate public securities0 785,394 8,942 794,336 
Foreign corporate private securities0 1,746,088 195,595 1,941,683 
Asset-backed securities(2)0 305,153 33,328 338,481 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities0 476,560 0 476,560 
Residential mortgage-backed securities0 21,089 0 21,089 
Subtotal0 10,331,038 371,117 10,702,155 
Fixed maturities, trading0 3,751,472 0 3,751,472 
Equity securities135 40,687 12,356 53,178 
Short-term investments39,997 42,553 1,690 84,240 
Cash equivalents528,975 204,000 1,230 734,205 
Other invested assets(3)143,289 6,747,985 0 (6,666,433)224,841 
Reinsurance recoverables0 0 939,489 939,489 
Receivables from parent and affiliates0 164,293 0 164,293 
Subtotal excluding separate account assets712,396 21,282,028 1,325,882 (6,666,433)16,653,873 
Separate account assets(4)(5)52,942 141,198,669 0 141,251,611 
Total assets$765,338 $162,480,697 $1,325,882 $(6,666,433)$157,905,484 
Future policy benefits(6)$0 $0 $9,208,188 $$9,208,188 
Policyholders' account balances0 0 1,154,423 1,154,423 
Payables to parent and affiliates0 11,721,872 0 (11,721,872)0 
Other liabilities32,919 0 0 (2,546)30,373 
Total liabilities$32,919 $11,721,872 $10,362,611 $(11,724,418)$10,392,984 

 


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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 December 31, 2020
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Netting(1)Total
 (in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies$0 $22,855 $55,000 $$77,855 
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions0 517,951 0 517,951 
Foreign government bonds0 250,692 163 250,855 
U.S. corporate public securities0 2,929,431 3 2,929,434 
U.S. corporate private securities0 977,423 34,633 1,012,056 
Foreign corporate public securities0 311,407 9,323 320,730 
Foreign corporate private securities0 961,113 130,817 1,091,930 
Asset-backed securities(2)0 235,573 2,065 237,638 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities0 520,947 0 520,947 
Residential mortgage-backed securities0 53,235 0 53,235 
Subtotal0 6,780,627 232,004 7,012,631 
Fixed maturities, trading0 81,727 755 82,482 
Equity securities100,268 300 7,889 108,457 
Short-term investments49,997 0 0 49,997 
Cash equivalents49,996 347,330 0 397,326 
Other invested assets(3)198 397,348 0 (379,399)18,147 
Reinsurance recoverables0 0 13,239,539 13,239,539 
Receivables from parent and affiliates0 111,970 0 111,970 
Subtotal excluding separate account assets200,459 7,719,302 13,480,187 (379,399)21,020,549 
Separate account assets(4)(5)0 140,583,009 0 140,583,009 
Total assets$200,459 $148,302,311 $13,480,187 $(379,399)$161,603,558 
Future policy benefits(6)$0 $0 $13,227,814 $$13,227,814 
Policyholders' account balances0 0 1,155,274 1,155,274 
Payables to parent and affiliates0 265,826 0 (265,826)0 
Other liabilities0 0 0 0 0 
Total liabilities$0 $265,826 $14,383,088 $(265,826)$14,383,088 

(1)“Netting” amounts represent cash collateral of $(5,058.0) million and $113.6 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
(2)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by syndicated bank loans, sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.
(3)Other invested assets excluded from the fair value hierarchy include certain hedge funds, private equity funds and other funds for which fair value is measured at net asset value ("NAV") per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the fair values of such investments were $78 million and $77 million, respectively.
(4)Separate account assets represent segregated funds that are invested for certain customers. Investment risks associated with market value changes are borne by the customers, except to the extent of minimum guarantees made by the Company with respect to certain accounts. Separate account liabilities are not included in the above table as they are reported at contract value and not fair value in the Company's Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
(5)Separate account assets included in the fair value hierarchy exclude investments in entities that calculate NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. Such investments excluded from the fair value hierarchy include investments in real estate, hedge funds and a corporate owned life insurance fund, for which fair value is measured at NAV per share (or its equivalent). At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the fair value of such investments was $5,574 million and $5,157 million, respectively.
(6)As of September 30, 2021, the net embedded derivative liability position of $9,208 million includes $616 million of embedded derivatives in an asset position and $9,824 million of embedded derivatives in a liability position. As of December 31, 2020, the net embedded derivative liability position of $13,228 million includes $483 million of embedded derivatives in an asset position and $13,711 million of embedded derivatives in a liability position.


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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Quantitative Information Regarding Internally Priced Level 3 Assets and Liabilities The tables below present quantitative information on significant internally-priced Level 3 assets and liabilities.
 September 30, 2021
 Fair Value  Valuation  
Techniques
Unobservable Inputs  Minimum  MaximumWeighted Average  Impact of 
Increase in 
Input on 
Fair Value(1)
 (in thousands)
Assets:
Corporate securities(2)$217,167 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate1.44 %12.89 %3.63 %Decrease
Market ComparablesEBITDA multiples(3)3.8 X10.3 X7.6 XIncrease
LiquidationLiquidation value62.58 %62.58 %62.58 %Increase
Reinsurance recoverables$939,489 Fair values are determined using the same unobservable inputs as future policy benefits.
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(4)$9,208,188 Discounted cash flowLapse rate(6)1 %20 %Decrease
Spread over LIBOR(7)0.05 %1.05 %Decrease
Utilization rate(8)39 %96 %Increase
Withdrawal rate See table footnote (9) below.
Mortality rate(10)0 %15 %Decrease
   Equity volatility curve17 %26 % Increase
Policyholders' account balances(5)$1,154,423 Discounted cash flowLapse rate(6)1 %6 %Decrease
Spread over LIBOR(7)0.05 %1.07 %Decrease
Mortality rate(10)0 %23 %Decrease
Equity volatility curve13 %30 %Increase


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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 December 31, 2020
 Fair Value     Valuation  
Techniques
  Unobservable
Inputs  
Minimum  Maximum    Weighted  
Average
  Impact of 
Increase in 
Input on 
Fair Value(1)
 (in thousands)
Assets:
Corporate securities(2)$151,554 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate0.99 %11.38 %3.44 %Decrease
Reinsurance recoverables$13,239,539 Fair values are determined using the same unobservable inputs as future policy benefits.
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(4)$13,227,814 Discounted cash flowLapse rate(6)1 %20 %Decrease
Spread over LIBOR(7)0.06 %1.17 %Decrease
Utilization rate(8)39 %96 %Increase
Withdrawal rateSee table footnote (9) below.
Mortality rate(10)0 %15 %Decrease
   Equity volatility curve18 %26 % Increase
Policyholders' account balances(5)$1,155,274 Discounted cash flowLapse rate(6)1 %6 %Decrease
Spread over LIBOR(7)0.06 %1.17 %Decrease
Mortality rate(10)0 %24 %Decrease
Equity volatility curve15 %30 %Increase

(1)Conversely, the impact of a decrease in input would have the opposite impact on fair value as that presented in the table.
(2)Includes assets classified as fixed maturities, available-for-sale and fixed maturities trading.
(3)Represents multiples of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"), and are amounts used when the Company has determined that market participants would use such multiples when valuing the investments.
(4)Future policy benefits primarily represent general account liabilities for the living benefit features of the Company’s variable annuity contracts which are accounted for as embedded derivatives. Since the valuation methodology for these liabilities uses a range of inputs that vary at the contract level over the cash flow projection period, presenting a range, rather than weighted average, is a more meaningful representation of the unobservable inputs used in the valuation.
(5)Policyholders’ account balances primarily represent general account liabilities for the index-linked interest credited on certain of the Company’s life products that are accounted for as embedded derivatives. Since the valuation methodology for these liabilities uses a range of inputs that vary at the contract level over the cash flow projection period, presenting a range, rather than weighted average, is a more meaningful representation of the unobservable inputs used in the valuation.
(6)Lapse rates for contracts with living benefit guarantees are adjusted at the contract level based on the in-the-moneyness of the living benefit and reflect other factors, such as the applicability of any surrender charges. Lapse rates are reduced when contracts are more in-the-money. Lapse rates for contracts with index-linked crediting guarantees may be adjusted at the contract level based on the applicability of any surrender charges, product type, and market related factors such as interest rates. Lapse rates are also generally assumed to be lower for the period where surrender charges apply. For any given contract, lapse rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for the purposes of valuing these embedded derivatives.
(7)The spread over the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") swap curve represents the premium added to the proxy for the risk-free rate (LIBOR) to reflect the Company's estimates of rates that a market participant would use to value the living benefits in both the accumulation and payout phases and index-linked interest crediting guarantees. This spread includes an estimate of NPR, which is the risk that the obligation will not be fulfilled by the Company. NPR is primarily estimated by utilizing the credit spreads associated with issuing funding agreements, adjusted for any illiquidity risk premium. In order to reflect the financial strength ratings of the Company, credit spreads associated with funding agreements, as opposed to credit spread associated with debt, are utilized in developing this estimate because funding agreements, living benefit guarantees, and index-linked interest crediting guarantees are insurance liabilities and are therefore senior to debt.
(8)The utilization rate assumption estimates the percentage of contracts that will utilize the benefit during the contract duration and begin lifetime withdrawals at various time intervals from contract inception. The remaining contractholders are assumed to either begin lifetime withdrawals immediately or never utilize the benefit. Utilization assumptions may vary by product type, tax status and age. The impact of changes in these assumptions is highly dependent on the product type, the age of the contractholder at the time of the sale, and the timing of the first lifetime income withdrawal. Range reflects the utilization rate for the vast majority of business with living benefits.
(9)The withdrawal rate assumption estimates the magnitude of annual contractholder withdrawals relative to the maximum allowable amount under the contract. These assumptions vary based on the age of the contractholder, the tax status of the contract and the duration since the contractholder began lifetime withdrawals. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the minimum withdrawal rate assumption is 76% and the maximum withdrawal rate assumption may be greater than 100%. The fair value of the liability will generally increase the closer the withdrawal rate is to 100% and decrease as the withdrawal rate moves further away from 100%.


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Table of Contents                                     
PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

(10)The range reflects the mortality rates for the vast majority of business with living benefits and other contracts, with policyholders ranging from 45 to 90 years old. While the majority of living benefits have a minimum age requirement, certain other contracts do not have an age restriction. This results in contractholders with mortality rates approaching 0% for certain benefits. Mortality rates may vary by product, age, and duration. A mortality improvement assumption is also incorporated into the overall mortality table.

Interrelationships Between Unobservable Inputs In addition to the sensitivities of fair value measurements to changes in each unobservable input in isolation, as reflected in the table above, interrelationships between these inputs may also exist, such that a change in one unobservable input may give rise to a change in another, or multiple, inputs. Examples of such interrelationships for significant internally-priced Level 3 assets and liabilities are as follows:

Corporate Securities – The rate used to discount future cash flows reflects current risk-free rates plus credit and liquidity spread requirements that market participants would use to value an asset. The discount rate may be influenced by many factors, including market cycles, expectations of default, collateral, term, and asset complexity. Each of these factors can influence discount rates, either in isolation, or in response to other factors. During weaker economic cycles, as the expectations of default increases, credit spreads widen, which results in a decrease in fair value.

Future Policy Benefits – The Company expects efficient benefit utilization and withdrawal rates to generally be correlated with lapse rates. However, behavior is highly dependent on the facts and circumstances surrounding the individual contractholder, such as their liquidity needs or tax situation, which could drive lapse behavior independent of other contractholder behavior assumptions. To the extent that more efficient contractholder behavior results in greater in-the-moneyness at the contract level, lapse rates may decline for those contracts. Similarly, to the extent that increases in equity volatility are correlated with overall declines in the capital markets, lapse rates may decline as contracts become more in-the-money.

Changes in Level 3 Assets and Liabilities The following tables describe changes in fair values of Level 3 assets and liabilities as of the dates indicated, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at the end of their respective periods. When a determination is made to classify assets and liabilities within Level 3, the determination is based on significance of the unobservable inputs in the overall fair value measurement. All transfers are based on changes in the observability of the valuation inputs, including the availability of pricing service information that the Company can validate. Transfers into Level 3 are generally the result of unobservable inputs utilized within valuation methodologies and the use of indicative broker quotes for assets that were previously valued using observable inputs. Transfers out of Level 3 are generally due to the use of observable inputs in valuation methodologies as well as the availability of pricing service information for certain assets that the Company can validate.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Fair Value, beginning of periodTotal realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1)PurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOther(2)Transfers into Level 3Transfers out of Level 3Fair Value, end of periodUnrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. government$55,000 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $55,000 $0 
Foreign government156 (4)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 152 (5)
Corporate securities(4)170,830 (6,783)3,173 0 0 (7,907)119,218 4,106 0 282,637 (6,710)
Structured securities(5)27,179 (452)12,500 0 0 (308)19,859 0 (25,450)33,328 (449)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading801 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (801)0 0 
Equity securities8,005 477 0 0 0 0 3,874 0 0 12,356 477 
Other invested assets0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Short-term investments0 0 0 0 0 0 1,690 0 0 1,690 0 
Cash equivalents0000001,230 001,230 0
Reinsurance recoverables9,275,523 (8,372,926)36,892 0 0 0 0 0 0 939,489 (32,262)
Receivables from parent and affiliates0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(9,263,516)331,967 0 0 (276,639)0 0 0 0 (9,208,188)218,025 
Policyholders' account balances(6)(1,156,610)5,389 0 0 (3,202)0 0 0 0 (1,154,423)21,559 


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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
Realized investment gains (losses), net(1)Other income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)Net investment incomeRealized investment gains (losses), netOther income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$(1,656)$0 $(5,768)$185 $(1,678)$0 $(5,486)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Equity securities0 477 0 0 0 477 0 
Other invested assets0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Short-term investments0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Cash equivalents0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Reinsurance recoverables(8,372,926)0 0 0 (32,262)0 0 
Receivables from parent and affiliates0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits331,967 0 0 0 218,025 0 0 
Policyholders' account balances5,389 0 0 0 21,559 0 0 



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Fair Value, beginning of periodTotal realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1)PurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOther(2)Transfers into Level 3Transfers out of Level 3Fair Value, end of periodUnrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. government$55,000 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $55,000 $0 
Foreign government163 (11)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 152 (13)
Corporate securities(4)174,776 (13,815)5,515 0 0 (12,280)119,218 9,223 0 282,637 (13,811)
Structured securities(5)2,065 (465)38,450 0 0 (1,131)19,859 0 (25,450)33,328 (462)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading755 46 0 0 0 0 0 0 (801)0 46 
Equity securities7,889 593 0 0 0 0 3,874 0 0 12,356 593 
Other invested assets0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Short-term investments0 0 0 0 0 0 1,690 0 0 1,690 0 
Cash equivalents0000001,230 001,230 0
Reinsurance recoverables13,239,539 (12,892,808)592,758 0 0 0 0 0 0 939,489 (524,521)
Receivables from parent and affiliates0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(13,227,814)4,848,168 0 0 (828,542)0 0 0 0 (9,208,188)4,365,984 
Policyholders' account balances(6)(1,155,274)(31,278)0 0 0 32,129 0 0 0 (1,154,423)21,234 


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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
Realized investment gains (losses), net(1)Other income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)Net investment incomeRealized investment gains (losses), netOther income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$152 $0 $(14,678)$235 $121 $0 $(14,407)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading0 46 0 0 0 46 0 
Equity securities0 593 0 0 0 593 0 
Other invested assets0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Short-term investments0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Cash equivalents0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Reinsurance recoverables(12,892,808)0 0 0 (524,521)0 0 
Receivables from parent and affiliates0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits4,848,168 0 0 0 4,365,984 0 0 
Policyholders' account balances(31,278)0 0 0 21,234 0 0 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Fair Value, beginning of periodTotal realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1)PurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOther(2)Transfers into Level 3Transfers out of Level 3Fair Value, end of periodUnrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. government$44,792 $0 $3,667 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $48,459 $0 
Foreign government161 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 164 2 
Corporate securities(4)156,972 3,941 2,436 0 0 (538)(1,914)0 0 160,897 3,920 
Structured securities(5)1,507 (3)1,299 0 0 (262)0 0 0 2,541 (4)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading644 54 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 698 55 
Equity securities9,150 1,762 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10,912 1,762 
Other invested assets0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Short-term investments0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Cash equivalents0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Reinsurance recoverables19,028,138 (2,631,208)278,413 0 0 0 0 0 0 16,675,343 (2,473,607)
Receivables from parent and affiliates0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(19,014,066)2,629,271 0 0 (276,460)0 0 0 0 (16,661,255)2,475,638 
Policyholders' account balances(6)(1,045,483)(2,053)0 0 (29,368)0 0 0 0 (1,076,904)11,350 



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
Realized investment gains (losses), net(1)Other income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)Net investment incomeRealized investment gains (losses), netOther income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$(1,084)$0 $5,003 $22 $(1,086)$0 $5,004 
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading0 54 0 0 0 55 0 
Equity securities0 1,762 0 0 0 1,762 0 
Other invested assets0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Short-term investments0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Cash equivalents0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Reinsurance recoverables(2,631,208)0 0 0 (2,473,607)0 0 
Receivables from parent and affiliates0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits2,629,271 0 0 0 2,475,638 0 0 
Policyholders' account balances(2,053)0 0 0 11,350 0 0 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Fair Value, beginning of periodTotal realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1)PurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOther(2)Transfers into Level 3Transfers out of Level 3Fair Value, end of periodUnrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
U.S. government$38,671 $0 $9,788 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $48,459 $0 
Foreign government163 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 164 0 
Corporate securities(4)50,083 2,409 11,100 (3,680)0 (6,873)(1,914)109,772 0 160,897 3,113 
Structured securities(5)2,001 (478)7,444 0 0 (790)0 0 (5,636)2,541 (478)
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading668 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 698 30 
Equity securities9,898 1,014 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10,912 1,014 
Other invested assets4 (4)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (4)
Short-term investments0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Cash equivalents0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Reinsurance recoverables8,539,671 7,319,752 815,920 0 0 0 0 0 0 16,675,343 7,534,062 
Receivables from parent and affiliates3,135 23 0 0 0 (3,158)0 0 0 0 0 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(8,529,566)(7,321,642)0 0 (810,047)0 0 0 0 (16,661,255)(7,535,951)
Policyholders' account balances(6)(962,351)37,907 0 0 (152,460)0 0 0 0 (1,076,904)53,610 



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(3)
Realized investment gains (losses), net(1)Other income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)Net investment incomeRealized investment gains (losses), netOther income (loss)Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$(5,224)$0 $7,034 $122 $(4,780)$0 $7,415 
Other assets:
Fixed maturities, trading0 30 0 0 0 30 0 
Equity securities0 1,014 0 0 0 1,014 0 
Other invested assets(4)0 0 0 (4)0 0 
Short-term investments0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Cash equivalents0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Reinsurance recoverables7,319,752 0 0 0 7,534,062 0 0 
Receivables from parent and affiliates0 0 0 23 0 0 0 
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits(7,321,642)0 0 0 (7,535,951)0 0 
Policyholders' account balances37,907 0 0 0 53,610 0 0 

(1)Realized investment gains (losses) on future policy benefits and reinsurance recoverables primarily represent the change in the fair value of the Company's living benefit guarantees on certain of its variable annuity contracts. Refer to Note 1 for impacts to Realized investments gains (losses), net related to the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture.
(2)For current year "Other" represents noncash transfers related to the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture. Refer to Note 1 for additional information. Prior year includes reclassifications of certain assets and liabilities between reporting categories.
(3)Unrealized gains or losses related to assets still held at the end of the period do not include amortization or accretion of premiums and discounts.
(4)Includes U.S. corporate public, U.S. corporate private, foreign corporate public and foreign corporate private securities.
(5)Includes asset-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities.
(6)Issuances and settlements for Policyholders' account balances are presented net in the rollforward.
 


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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The table below presents the carrying amount and fair value by fair value hierarchy level of certain financial instruments that are not reported at fair value. The financial instruments presented below are reported at carrying value on the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. In some cases, as described below, the carrying amount equals or approximates fair value.
 September 30, 2021
 Fair ValueCarrying
Amount(1)
 Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalTotal
 (in thousands)
Assets:
Commercial mortgage and other loans$0 $0 $2,120,345 $2,120,345 $2,042,654 
Policy loans0 0 1,324,335 1,324,335 1,324,335 
Cash and cash equivalents316,730 50,000 0 366,730 366,730 
Accrued investment income0 139,355 0 139,355 139,355 
Reinsurance recoverables0 0 29,201 29,201 27,971 
Receivables from parent and affiliates0 197,201 0 197,201 197,201 
Other assets0 81,126 0 81,126 81,126 
Total assets$316,730 $467,682 $3,473,881 $4,258,293 $4,179,372 
Liabilities:
Policyholders’ account balances - investment contracts$0 $1,404,725 $296,918 $1,701,643 $1,695,222 
Cash collateral for loaned securities0 0 0 0 0 
Long-term debt to affiliates0 321,828 0 321,828 322,631 
Payables to parent and affiliates0 133,353 0 133,353 133,353 
Other liabilities0 464,793 34,091 498,884 498,884 
Total liabilities$0 $2,324,699 $331,009 $2,655,708 $2,650,090 


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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 December 31, 2020
 Fair ValueCarrying
Amount(1)
 Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalTotal
 (in thousands)
Assets:
Commercial mortgage and other loans$0 $0 $1,359,422 $1,359,422 $1,288,846 
Policy loans0 0 1,323,681 1,323,681 1,323,681 
Cash and cash equivalents29,653 0 0 29,653 29,653 
Accrued investment income0 93,613 0 93,613 93,613 
Reinsurance recoverables0 0 227,993 227,993 217,637 
Receivables from parent and affiliates0 154,503 0 154,503 154,503 
Other assets0 27,120 0 27,120 27,120 
Total assets$29,653 $275,236 $2,911,096 $3,215,985 $3,135,053 
Liabilities:
Policyholders’ account balances - investment contracts$0 $1,428,043 $286,533 $1,714,576 $1,704,220 
Cash collateral for loaned securities0 2,725 0 2,725 2,725 
Long-term debt to affiliates0 0 0 0 0 
Payables to parent and affiliates0 75,990 0 75,990 75,990 
Other liabilities0 415,889 0 415,889 415,889 
Total liabilities$0 $1,922,647 $286,533 $2,209,180 $2,198,824 

(1) Carrying values presented herein differ from those in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position because certain items within the respective financial statement captions are not considered financial instruments or out of scope under authoritative guidance relating to disclosures of the fair value of financial instruments.

6.    REINSURANCE

The Company participates in reinsurance with its affiliates Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Captive Company (“PARCC”), Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Term Company (“PAR Term”), Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Universal Company (“PAR U”), Prudential Universal Reinsurance Company ("PURC"), Prudential Term Reinsurance Company (“Term Re”), PALAC, Gibraltar Universal Life Reinsurance Company ("GUL Re"), Dryden Arizona Reinsurance Term Company (“DART”), and Prudential Life Insurance Company of Taiwan Inc. (“Prudential of Taiwan”), a subsidiary of Prudential Financial that was sold to a third-party on June 30, 2021, as discussed below. As of July 1, 2021, the Company ended its reinsurance agreement with PALAC as a result of the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture, which is discussed below and in Note 1. The Company also participates in reinsurance with its parent company Prudential Insurance, as well as third parties. The reinsurance agreements provide risk diversification and additional capacity for future growth, limit the maximum net loss potential, manage statutory capital, and facilitate the Company's capital market hedging program. Life reinsurance is accomplished through various plans of reinsurance, primarily yearly renewable term and coinsurance. Reinsurance ceded arrangements do not discharge the Company as the primary insurer. Ceded balances would represent a liability of the Company in the event the reinsurers were unable to meet their obligations to the Company under the terms of the reinsurance agreements. The Company believes a material reinsurance liability resulting from such inability of reinsurers to meet their obligations is unlikely.

Reserves related to reinsured long-duration contracts are accounted for using assumptions consistent with those used to account for the underlying contracts. Amounts recoverable from reinsurers for long-duration reinsurance arrangements are estimated in a manner consistent with the claim liabilities and policy benefits associated with the reinsured policies. Reinsurance policy charges and fee income ceded for universal life and variable annuity products are accounted for as a reduction of policy charges and fee income. Reinsurance premiums ceded for term insurance products are accounted for as a reduction of premiums.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Realized investment gains and losses include the impact of reinsurance agreements, particularly reinsurance agreements involving living benefit guarantees. The Company has entered into reinsurance agreements to transfer the risk related to the living benefit guarantees on variable annuities to PALAC which was recaptured as part of the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture, and the PLNJ business which was reinsured to Prudential Insurance. These reinsurance agreements are derivatives and have been accounted for in the same manner as embedded derivatives and the changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recognized through “Realized investment gains (losses), net”. See Note 4 for additional information related to the accounting for embedded derivatives.

Reinsurance amounts included in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
 (in thousands)
Reinsurance recoverables$30,904,877 $48,367,096 
Policy loans(157,409)(153,869)
Deferred policy acquisition costs(3,039,546)(6,574,020)
Deferred sales inducements(38,335)(445,493)
Other assets(1)120,985 233,364 
Policyholders’ account balances4,620,765 4,773,439 
Future policy benefits(2)5,169,657 5,069,353 
Other liabilities(3)1,041,919 1,099,318 

(1)Includes $0.0 million of unaffiliated activity as of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
(2)Includes $0.0 million of unaffiliated activity as of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
(3)Includes $52 million and $43 million of unaffiliated activity as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Reinsurance recoverables by counterparty are broken out below:
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
 (in thousands)
PAR U$13,380,530 $13,352,845 
PALAC0 15,941,123 
PURC5,652,790 5,368,831 
PARCC2,464,059 2,572,428 
GUL Re2,652,663 2,573,609 
PAR Term1,974,167 1,913,265 
Prudential Insurance2,006,562 2,421,226 
Prudential of Taiwan0 1,649,998 
Term Re1,900,805 1,766,978 
DART624,071 502,770 
Unaffiliated249,230 304,023 
Total reinsurance recoverables$30,904,877 $48,367,096 

Reinsurance amounts, included in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, were as follows:


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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2021202020212020
 (in thousands)
Premiums:
Direct$487,010 $475,017 $1,459,895 $1,435,080 
Assumed(1)41 45 125 140 
Ceded(2)(435,514)(450,755)(1,319,216)(1,373,498)
Net premiums 51,537 24,307 140,804 61,722 
Policy charges and fee income:
Direct919,203 882,373 2,722,548 2,600,632 
Assumed146,257 131,877 432,907 395,960 
Ceded(3)(455,359)(863,170)(2,213,289)(2,544,508)
Net policy charges and fee income 610,101 151,080 942,166 452,084 
Net investment income:
Direct180,642 95,266 377,942 261,304 
Assumed(55)390 675 1,184 
Ceded(1,477)(1,664)(5,340)(5,453)
Net investment income179,110 93,992 373,277 257,035 
Asset administration fees:
Direct101,105 91,953 296,542 265,612 
Assumed0 0 0 0 
Ceded(9,167)(86,989)(192,117)(251,958)
Net asset administration fees91,938 4,964 104,425 13,654 
Other income:
Direct24,609 28,529 66,286 49,817 
Assumed(4)(6)(112)(66)(141)
Ceded35,687 3 35,793 128 
Amortization of reinsurance income1,119 1,162 3,270 3,506 
Net other income 61,409 29,582 105,283 53,310 
Realized investment gains (losses), net:
Direct3,362,148 2,646,206 7,864,422 (7,254,543)
Assumed0 0 0 0 
Ceded(5)(8,370,760)(2,647,753)(12,918,928)7,262,660 
Realized investment gains (losses), net (5,008,612)(1,547)(5,054,506)8,117 
Policyholders’ benefits (including change in reserves):
Direct975,500 879,729 2,775,018 2,691,447 
Assumed(6)222,418 196,502 639,927 766,272 
Ceded(7)(811,915)(1,020,403)(2,856,953)(3,229,715)
Net policyholders’ benefits (including change in reserves)386,003 55,828 557,992 228,004 
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances:
Direct150,269 148,411 430,494 420,163 
Assumed30,540 33,974 95,658 102,230 
Ceded(485,215)(130,119)(726,988)(348,664)
Net interest credited to policyholders’ account balances
(304,406)52,266 (200,836)173,729 
Reinsurance expense allowances and general and administrative expenses, net of capitalization and amortization(1,398,529)(448,254)(2,159,809)(1,330,501)


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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)


(1)Includes $0.0 million of unaffiliated activity for both the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively and $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.
(2)Includes $(6.1) million and $(2.4) million of unaffiliated activity for the three months ended September 30, 2021, and 2020, respectively and $(19.7) million and $(7.5) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
(3)Includes $(24) million and $(18) million of unaffiliated activity for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively and $(54) million and $(39) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
(4)Includes $0.0 million and $0.1 million of unaffiliated activity for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively and $0 million and $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.
(5)Includes $(10) million and $(68) million of unaffiliated activity for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively and $(120) million and $160 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
(6)Includes $0.1 million of unaffiliated activity for both the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively and $0.4 million and $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
(7)Includes $(38) million and $(20) million of unaffiliated activity for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively and $(169) million and $(44) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The gross and net amounts of life insurance face amount in force as of September 30, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
20212020
 (in thousands)
Direct gross life insurance face amount in force$1,071,060,317 $1,031,639,923 
Assumed gross life insurance face amount in force38,117,216 39,135,248 
Reinsurance ceded(991,290,617)(981,522,009)
Net life insurance face amount in force$117,886,916 $89,253,162 

Information regarding significant affiliated reinsurance agreements is described below.

PAR U

Pruco Life reinsures an amount equal to 70% of all the risks associated with Universal Protector policies having no-lapse guarantees as well as certain of its universal policies, with effective dates prior to January 1, 2011.

Effective July 1, 2012, PLNJ reinsures an amount equal to 95% of all the risks associated with Universal Protector policies having no-lapse guarantees as well as certain of its universal policies, with effective dates through December 31, 2019, excluding those policies that are subject to principle-based reserving.

On January 2, 2013, Pruco Life began to assume Guaranteed Universal Life ("GUL") business from Prudential Insurance in connection with the acquisition of The Hartford Life Business. The GUL business assumed from Prudential Insurance was subsequently retroceded to PAR U.

PALAC

Effective April 1, 2016, the Company entered into a reinsurance agreement to reinsure its variable annuity base contracts, along with the living benefit guarantees to PALAC, excluding the PLNJ business, which was reinsured to Prudential Insurance. This reinsurance agreement covers new and in force business and excludes business reinsured externally. As of December 31, 2020, the Company discontinued the sales of traditional variable annuities with guaranteed living benefit riders. This discontinuation has no impact on the reinsurance agreement between PALAC, Prudential Insurance, and the Company.

Effective July 1, 2021, the Company recaptured the risks related to its business, as discussed above, that had previously been reinsured to PALAC from April 1, 2016 through June 30, 2021. The recapture does not impact PLNJ, which will continue to reinsure its new and in force business to Prudential Insurance. The product risks related to the previously reinsured business that were being managed in PALAC, were transferred to the Company. In addition, the living benefit hedging program related to the previously reinsured living benefit riders will be managed within the Company. See Note 1 for additional information.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

PURC

Pruco Life reinsures an amount equal to 70% of all the risks associated with its Universal Protector policies having no-lapse guarantees as well as certain of its universal policies, with effective dates from January 1, 2011 through December 31, 2013, with PURC and 95% of all the risks associated with Universal Protector policies having no-lapse guarantees, as well as certain of its universal policies, with effective dates from January 1, 2014 through December 31, 2016.

PARCC

Prior to July 1, 2019, the Company reinsured 90% of the risks under its term life insurance policies, with effective dates prior to January 1, 2010 through an automatic coinsurance agreement with PARCC. Effective July 1, 2019, the Company amended the coinsurance agreement to increase the percentage from 90% to 100% of the policy risk amount reinsured, which resulted in an initial transfer of $476 million in premiums and $409 million in expenses ceded with the difference being deferred and subsequently amortized through income.

GUL Re

Effective January 1, 2017, Pruco Life entered into an automatic coinsurance agreement with GUL Re to reinsure an amount equal to 95% of all the risks associated with Universal Protector policies having no-lapse guarantees, as well as certain of its universal policies, with effective dates on or after January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2019, excluding those policies that are subject to principle-based reserving.

Effective July 1, 2017, Pruco Life amended this agreement to include 30% of Universal Protector policies having no-lapse guarantees as well as certain of its universal policies with effective dates prior to January 1, 2014.

PAR Term

Prior to July 1, 2019, the Company reinsures 95% of the risks under its term life insurance policies with effective dates January 1, 2010 through December 31, 2013, through an automatic coinsurance agreement with PAR Term. Effective July 1, 2019, the Company amended the coinsurance agreement to increase the percentage from 95% to 100% of the policy risk amount reinsured, which resulted in an initial transfer of $150 million in premiums and $115 million in expenses ceded with the difference being deferred and subsequently amortized through income.

Prudential of Taiwan

On January 31, 2001, Pruco Life transferred all of its assets and liabilities associated with its Taiwanese branch, including its Taiwanese insurance book of business, to Prudential of Taiwan. The mechanism used to transfer this block of business in Taiwan is referred to as a “full acquisition and assumption” transaction. Under this mechanism, Pruco Life is jointly liable with Prudential of Taiwan for two years from the giving of notice to all obligees for all matured obligations and for two years after the maturity date of not-yet-matured obligations. Prudential of Taiwan is also contractually liable, under indemnification provisions of the transaction, for any liabilities that may be asserted against Pruco Life.

The transfer of the insurance related assets and liabilities was accounted for as a long-duration coinsurance transaction under U.S. GAAP. Under this accounting treatment, the insurance related liabilities remained on the books of Pruco Life and an offsetting reinsurance recoverable was established. These assets and liabilities were denominated in U.S. dollars.

On August 11, 2020, Prudential International Insurance Holdings, Ltd. (“PIIH”), a subsidiary of Prudential Financial, entered into a Share Purchase Agreement with Taishin Financial Holding Co., Ltd. (the “Buyer”) pursuant to which PIIH has agreed to sell to the Buyer all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Prudential of Taiwan. The Share Purchase Agreement contains customary warranties and covenants of PIIH and the Buyer. On June 30, 2021, PIIH completed the sale of Prudential of Taiwan to the Buyer. This resulted in the removal of the insurance related liabilities and offsetting reinsurance recoverables previously on the books of Pruco Life. The Buyer provided Pruco Life a backstop indemnification and Pruco Life provided a guarantee to stand ready to perform in the event of default by both Prudential of Taiwan and the Buyer. Refer to Note 10 for details on the guarantee.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Term Re

The Company reinsures 95% of the risks under its term life insurance policies, with effective dates on or after January 1, 2014 through December 31, 2017, through an automatic coinsurance agreement with Term Re.  

Prudential Insurance

The Company has a yearly renewable term reinsurance agreement with Prudential Insurance and reinsures the majority of all mortality risks not otherwise reinsured. Effective July 1, 2017, this agreement has been terminated for certain new business, primarily Universal Life insurance policies. As of January 1, 2020, the remaining portions of new business (specifically Term policies) ceased being reinsured by the Company to Prudential Insurance. Effective July 1, 2017, the Company reinsures a portion of the mortality risk directly to third-party reinsurers and retains all of the non-reinsured portion of the mortality risk. Effective July 1, 2019, this agreement has been recaptured for certain term life insurance policies which are now reinsured to PARCC and PAR Term as noted above.

On January 2, 2013, Pruco Life began to assume GUL business from Prudential Insurance in connection with the acquisition of the Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. ("Hartford Financial"). The GUL business assumed from Prudential Insurance was subsequently retroceded to PAR U. In May 2018, Hartford Financial sold a group of operating subsidiaries, which includes two of Prudential Insurance's counterparties to these reinsurance arrangements. There was no impact to the terms, rights or obligations of Prudential Insurance, or operation of these reinsurance arrangements, as a result of this change in control of such counterparties. Similarly, there was no impact to the Company's reinsurance arrangements with respect to such GUL business as a result of this change in control. In January 2021, there was a definitive agreement announced to subsequently sell the two counterparties mentioned above. We anticipate there will be no impact to the terms, rights or obligations of the Company, or operation of these reinsurance arrangements, as a result of this change in control of such counterparties.

The Company has reinsured a group annuity contract with Prudential Insurance, in consideration for a single premium payment by the Company, providing reinsurance equal to 100% of all payments due under the contract.

Effective April 1, 2016, PLNJ entered into a reinsurance agreement to reinsure its variable annuity base contracts, along with the living benefit guarantees to Prudential Insurance. This reinsurance agreement covers new and in force business.

DART

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company entered into an automatic coinsurance agreement with DART to reinsure an amount equal to 95% of the risks associated with its term life insurance policies with effective dates on or after January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2019, excluding those policies that are subject to principle-based reserving.

Information regarding significant third-party reinsurance arrangements is described below.

Union Hamilton

Between April 1, 2015 and December 31, 2016, the Company, excluding its subsidiary, reinsured approximately 50% of the new business related to “highest daily” living benefits rider guarantees on HDI v.3.0 product, available with Prudential Premier® Retirement Variable Annuity, to Union Hamilton Reinsurance Ltd. ("Union Hamilton"). This reinsurance remains in force for the duration of the underlying annuity contracts. New sales of HDI v.3.0 subsequent to December 31, 2016 are not covered by this external reinsurance agreement. As of September 30, 2021, $3.2 billion of HDI v.3.0 account values are reinsured to Union Hamilton.


7.    INCOME TAXES

The Company uses a full year projected effective tax rate approach to calculate year-to-date taxes. In addition, certain items impacting total income tax expense are recorded in the periods in which they occur. The projected effective tax rate is the ratio of projected "Income tax expense (benefit)" divided by projected "Income (loss) from operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint venture." Taxes attributable to the operating joint venture are recorded within "Equity in earnings of operating joint venture, net of taxes." The interim period tax expense (or benefit) is the difference between the year-to-date income tax provision and the amounts reported for the previous interim periods of the fiscal year.


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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)


The Company's income tax provision, on a consolidated basis, amounted to an income tax benefit of $(782.3) million, or 24.73% of income (loss) from operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint venture, in the first nine months of 2021, compared to $(174.3) million, or (206.21)%, in the first nine months of 2020. The Company's current and prior effective tax rates differed from the U.S. statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to non-taxable investment income and tax credits.

On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was enacted into law. One provision of the CARES Act amended the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”) and allowed companies with net operating losses (“NOLs”) originating in 2018, 2019 or 2020 to carry back those losses for five years. The Company has incorporated into the full year projected 2020 effective tax rate an income tax benefit of $48 million that resulted from carrying the estimated 2020 NOL back to tax years that have a 35% tax rate.

8.    EQUITY

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

AOCI represents the cumulative OCI items that are reported separate from net income and detailed on the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The balance of and changes in each component of AOCI as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, are as follows:

 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustment
Net Unrealized
Investment Gains
(Losses)(1)
Total Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 (in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2020$(7,797)$553,925 $546,128 
Change in OCI before reclassifications(3,904)(181,041)(184,945)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI0 (23,861)(23,861)
Income tax benefit (expense)313 43,029 43,342 
Balance, September 30, 2021$(11,388)$392,052 $380,664 

 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustment
Net Unrealized
Investment Gains
(Losses)(1)
Total Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 (in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2019$(7,917)$289,359 $281,442 
Change in OCI before reclassifications(8,007)233,906 225,899 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI0 (1,200)(1,200)
Income tax benefit (expense)(2,189)(48,869)(51,058)
Balance, September 30, 2020$(18,113)$473,196 $455,083 

(1)Includes cash flow hedges of $32 million and $(8) million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and $54 million and $26 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Reclassifications out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021202020212020
 (in thousands)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (1)(2):
Net unrealized investment gains (losses):
Cash flow hedges - Currency/Interest rate(3)$16,205 $(3,214)$22,047 $8,026 
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities3,183 (88)1,814 (6,826)
Total net unrealized investment gains (losses)(4)19,388 (3,302)23,861 1,200 
Total reclassifications for the period$19,388 $(3,302)$23,861 $1,200 

(1)All amounts are shown before tax.
(2)Positive amounts indicate gains/benefits reclassified out of AOCI. Negative amounts indicate losses/costs reclassified out of AOCI.
(3)See Note 4 for additional information on cash flow hedges.
(4)See table below for additional information on unrealized investment gains (losses), including the impact on DAC and other costs, future policy benefits, policyholders’ account balances and other liabilities. 

Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)

Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities and certain other invested assets and other assets are included in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as a component of AOCI. Changes in these amounts include reclassification adjustments to exclude from OCI those items that are included as part of “Net income” for a period that had been part of OCI in earlier periods. The amounts for the periods indicated below, split between amounts related to net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities on which an allowance for credit losses has been recognized, and all other net unrealized investment gains (losses), are as follows:

Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments on Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturity Securities on which an allowance for credit losses has been recognizedNet Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
on All Other Investments(1)
DAC and Other Costs(2) Future Policy Benefits, Policyholders' Account Balances and Other Liabilities(3)
Income Tax
Benefit (Expense)
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Related To Net
Unrealized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 (in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2020$0 $849,349 $1,200,048 $(1,348,231)$(147,241)$553,925 
Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period623 (222,928)0 0 46,684 (175,621)
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income0 (23,861)0 0 5,011 (18,850)
Reclassification due to allowance for credit losses recorded during the period352 (352)0 0 0 0 
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses
0 0 (279,391)320,655 (8,666)32,598 
Balance, September 30, 2021$975 $602,208 $920,657 $(1,027,576)$(104,212)$392,052 

(1)Includes cash flow hedges. See Note 4 for information on cash flow hedges.
(2)"Other costs" primarily includes reinsurance recoverables and deferred reinsurance losses.
(3)"Other liabilities" primarily includes reinsurance payables.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

9.    RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company has extensive transactions and relationships with Prudential Insurance and other affiliates. Although we seek to ensure that these transactions and relationships are fair and reasonable, it is possible that the terms of these transactions are not the same as those that would result from transactions among unrelated parties.

Expense Charges and Allocations

The majority of the Company’s expenses are allocations or charges from Prudential Insurance or other affiliates. These expenses can be grouped into general and administrative expenses and agency distribution expenses.

The Company’s general and administrative expenses are charged to the Company using allocation methodologies based on business production processes. Management believes that the methodology is reasonable and reflects costs incurred by Prudential Insurance to process transactions on behalf of the Company. The Company operates under service and lease agreements whereby services of officers and employees, supplies, use of equipment and office space are provided by Prudential Insurance. The Company reviews its allocation methodology periodically which it may adjust accordingly. General and administrative expenses include allocations of stock compensation expenses related to a stock-based awards program and a deferred compensation program issued by Prudential Financial. The expense charged to the Company for the stock-based awards program was $0.0 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $0.4 million and $0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The expense charged to the Company for the deferred compensation program was $0.6 million and $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $2.9 million and $4.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The Company is charged for its share of employee benefit expenses. These expenses include costs for funded and non-funded, non-contributory defined benefit pension plans. Some of these benefits are based on final earnings and length of service while others are based on an account balance, which takes into consideration age, service and earnings during a career. The Company’s share of net expense for the pension plans was $2 million and $4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $8 million and $13 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The Company is also charged for its share of the costs associated with welfare plans issued by Prudential Insurance. These expenses include costs related to medical, dental, life insurance and disability. The Company's share of net expense for the welfare plans was $3 million and $5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $9 million and $14 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Prudential Insurance sponsors voluntary savings plans for its employee 401(k) plans. The plans provide for salary reduction contributions by employees and matching contributions by the Company of up to 4% of annual salary. The Company’s expense for its share of the voluntary savings plan was $1 million and $2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $3 million and $6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The Company is charged distribution expenses from Prudential Insurance’s agency network for both its domestic life and annuity products through a transfer pricing agreement, which is intended to reflect a market-based pricing arrangement.

The Company pays commissions and certain other fees to Prudential Annuities Distributors, Inc. (“PAD”) in consideration for PAD’s marketing and underwriting of the Company’s annuity products. Commissions and fees are paid by PAD to broker-dealers who sell the Company’s annuity products. Commissions and fees paid by the Company to PAD were $98 million and $115 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $291 million and $413 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The Company is charged for its share of corporate expenses incurred by Prudential Financial to benefit its businesses, such as advertising, executive oversight, external affairs and philanthropic activity. The Company’s share of corporate expenses was $17 million and $19 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $49 million and $44 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Corporate-Owned Life Insurance

The Company has sold five Corporate-Owned Life Insurance (“COLI”) policies to Prudential Insurance, and one to Prudential Financial. The cash surrender value included in separate accounts for these COLI policies was $5,112 million at September 30, 2021 and $4,757 million at December 31, 2020. Fees related to these COLI policies were $15 million and $12 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $42 million and $37 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company retains the majority of the mortality risk associated with these COLI policies up to $3.5 million per individual policy.

Affiliated Investment Management Expenses

In accordance with an agreement with PGIM, Inc. ("PGIM"), the Company pays investment management expenses to PGIM who acts as investment manager to certain Company general account and separate account assets. Investment management expenses paid to PGIM related to this agreement were $6 million and $4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $13 million and $11 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. These expenses are recorded as “Net investment income” in the Company's Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Derivative Trades

In its ordinary course of business, the Company enters into OTC derivative contracts with an affiliate, PGF. For these OTC derivative contracts, PGF has a substantially equal and offsetting position with an external counterparty. See Note 4 for additional information.

Joint Ventures

The Company has made investments in joint ventures with certain subsidiaries of Prudential Financial. "Other invested assets" includes $590 million and $111 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. "Net investment income" related to these ventures includes gains of $20 million and $7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and gains of $27 million and $5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Affiliated Asset Administration Fee Income

The Company has a revenue sharing agreement with AST Investment Services, Inc. ("ASTISI") and PGIM Investments LLC ("PGIM Investments") whereby the Company receives fee income based on policyholders' separate account balances invested in the Advanced Series Trust. Income received from ASTISI and PGIM Investments related to this agreement was $95 million and $88 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $280 million and $254 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. These revenues are recorded as “Asset administration fees” in the Company's Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

The Company has a revenue sharing agreement with PGIM Investments, whereby the Company receives fee income based on policyholders' separate account balances invested in The Prudential Series Fund. Income received from PGIM Investments related to this agreement was $4 million and $3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $11 million and $8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. These revenues are recorded as “Asset administration fees” in the Company's Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Affiliated Notes Receivable

Affiliated notes receivable included in “Receivables from parent and affiliates” at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:
Maturity DatesInterest RatesSeptember 30, 2021December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
U.S. dollar fixed rate notes2022-20270.00%-14.85 %$164,293 $111,970 
Total notes receivable - affiliated(1)$164,293 $111,970 

(1)All notes receivable may be called for prepayment prior to the respective maturity dates under specified circumstances.

The affiliated notes receivable shown above are classified as available-for-sale securities carried at fair value. The Company monitors the internal and external credit ratings of these loans and loan performance. The Company also considers any guarantees made by Prudential Insurance for loans due from affiliates.

Accrued interest receivable related to these loans was $1 million at both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, and is included in “Other assets”. Revenues related to these loans were $1 million for both the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, and $3 million for both the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 and are included in “Other income”.

Affiliated Commercial Mortgage Loan

The affiliated commercial mortgage loan included in "Commercial mortgage and other loans" at September 30, 2021 was as follows:
Maturity DateInterest RateSeptember 30, 2021
(in thousands)
Affiliated Commercial Mortgage Loan20254.58%$73,709 

This affiliated commercial mortgage loan was transferred from PALAC as part of the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture. See Note 1 for details. The Company did not have any affiliated commercial mortgage loans outstanding at December 31, 2020.

The commercial mortgage loan shown above is carried at unpaid principal balance, net of unamortized deferred loan origination fees and expenses, and net of an allowance for losses. The Company reviews the performance and credit quality of the commercial mortgage on an on-going basis.

Accrued interest receivable related to the loan was $0.2 million at September 30, 2021 and is included in "Accrued investment income". Revenues were $0.9 million for both the three months ended and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and are included in "Net investment income".

Affiliated Asset Transfers

The Company participates in affiliated asset trades with parent and sister companies. Book and market value differences for trades with a parent and sister are recognized within "Additional paid-in capital" (“APIC”) and "Realized investment gains (losses), net", respectively. The table below shows affiliated asset trades for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020, excluding those related to the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture effective July 1, 2021, as described in Note 1.


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Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

AffiliateDateTransaction Security Type  Fair Value  Book Value  APIC, Net of Tax Increase/(Decrease)Realized
Investment
Gain (Loss)
 (in thousands)
Prudential InsuranceMarch 2020PurchaseOther Invested Assets$1,390 $1,390 $0 $0 
Prudential InsuranceApril 2020PurchaseFixed Maturities$61,953 $59,659 $(1,812)$0 
Prudential InsuranceApril 2020PurchaseFixed Maturities$3,485 $3,320 $(130)$0 
GA BV LLCJuly 2020Transfer OutFixed Maturities$1,914 $1,914 $0 $0 
PALACJune 2021PurchaseEquities$40,284 $40,284 $0 $0 
Prudential InsuranceSeptember 2021PurchaseFixed Maturities$64,374 $59,642 $(3,739)$0 
Prudential InsuranceSeptember 2021SaleFixed Maturities$37,887 $35,264 $2,073 $0 
Hirakata LLCSeptember 2021PurchaseFixed Maturities$13,944 $13,944 $0 $0 
Prudential Retirement Insurance & Annuity CoSeptember 2021PurchaseFixed Maturities$120,256 $120,256 $0 $0 
Prudential Retirement Insurance & Annuity CoSeptember 2021SaleFixed Maturities$173,590 $166,427 $0 $7,163 
Prudential InsuranceSeptember 2021PurchaseCommercial Mortgage and Other Loans$45,358 $42,127 $(2,553)$0 
Prudential InsuranceSeptember 2021SaleCommercial Mortgage and Other Loans$22,796 $21,780 $802 $0 
Prudential Retirement Insurance & Annuity CoSeptember 2021PurchaseCommercial Mortgage and Other Loans$29,483 $29,483 $0 $0 
Prudential Retirement Insurance & Annuity CoSeptember 2021SaleCommercial Mortgage and Other Loans$51,005 $47,020 $0 $3,985 
Prudential InsuranceSeptember 2021PurchaseDerivatives$600 $494 $(84)$0 
Prudential InsuranceSeptember 2021SaleDerivatives$335 $175 $127 $0 
Prudential Retirement Insurance & Annuity CoSeptember 2021PurchaseDerivatives$(1,243)$(1,243)$0 $0 
Prudential Retirement Insurance & Annuity CoSeptember 2021SaleDerivatives$2,846 $770 $0 $2,076 
 


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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Debt Agreements

The Company is authorized to borrow funds up to $2.2 billion from affiliates to meet its capital and other funding needs. The following table provides the breakout of the Company's short and long-term debt to affiliates as of September 30, 2021:
AffiliateDate
Issued
Amount of Notes - September 30, 2021Interest Rate  Date of Maturity  
  (in thousands)  
Prudential Insurance8/13/2021$100,540 4.39 %12/15/2023
Prudential Insurance8/13/202130,162 4.39 %12/15/2023
Prudential Insurance8/13/2021101,015 3.95 %6/20/2024
Prudential Insurance8/13/202140,406 3.95 %6/20/2024
Prudential Insurance8/13/202150,508 3.95 %6/20/2024
Total Loans Payable to Affiliates$322,631 

Effective August 2021, the affiliated long-term debt was transferred to the Company from PALAC based on the market value of $324 million. The Company recorded a premium of $24 million which will be amortized into earnings over the life of the loans. As of December 31, 2020, there was no debt outstanding.

The total interest expense to the Company related to affiliated loans and cash collateral with PGF was $0.2 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $0.2 million and $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Contributed Capital and Dividends

In January and July 2021, the Company received capital contributions in the amount of $106 million and $3,813 million, respectively, from Prudential Insurance. See Note 1 for additional information on the July contributions. In June, September and December of 2020, the Company received a capital contribution in the amount of $325 million, $75 million and $175 million, respectively, from Prudential Insurance.

In June 2021, there was a $34 million return of capital to Prudential Insurance associated with the financial guarantee related to the sale of Prudential of Taiwan. In 2020 the Company did not return capital.

Through September 2021 and December 2020, the Company did not pay any dividends to Prudential Insurance.

Reinsurance with Affiliates

As discussed in Note 6, the Company participates in reinsurance transactions with certain affiliates.


10.    COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Commitments

The Company has made commitments to fund commercial mortgage loans. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the outstanding balances on these commitments were $20 million and $30 million, respectively. These amounts include unfunded commitments that are not unconditionally cancellable. For related credit exposure, there was an allowance for credit losses of $0.0 million as of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. There was a change in allowance of $0.0 million for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. The Company also made commitments to purchase or fund investments, mostly private fixed maturities. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, $345 million and $354 million, respectively, of these commitments were outstanding. These amounts include unfunded commitments that are not unconditionally cancellable. There were no related charges for credit losses for either the three or nine months ended September 30, 2021 or 2020.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Guarantees

In July 2017, the Company formed a joint venture with CT Corp to provide life insurance solutions in Indonesia. The Company owns a 49% interest in the joint venture and has entered into a shareholders agreement with CT Corp that sets out their respective rights and obligations with respect to the joint venture. Among other things, the shareholders agreement obligates the Company and CT Corp to provide capital to the joint venture, as necessary to comply with applicable law or to maintain a specified minimum amount of capital in the joint venture. This obligation is not limited to a maximum amount. The Company does not expect to make any payments on this guarantee and is not carrying any liabilities associated with the guarantee.

Since 2001, the Company entered into an arrangement with Prudential of Taiwan as discussed in Note 6. In June 2021, PIIH completed the sale of Prudential of Taiwan. As a result of the sale, the Company has a financial guarantee to stand ready to perform in an event that both Prudential of Taiwan and the Buyer default and fail to perform their obligations to make payments to the policyholders. The Company has a liability of $34 million as of September 30, 2021, which represents the fair value of the guarantee and is amortized in revenue over a period which approximates the life of the underlying insurance in force. Since this obligation is not subject to limitations, it is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount due under this guarantee.

Contingent Liabilities

On an ongoing basis, the Company and its regulators review its operations including, but not limited to, sales and other customer interface procedures and practices, and procedures for meeting obligations to its customers and other parties. These reviews may result in the modification or enhancement of processes or the imposition of other action plans, including concerning management oversight, sales and other customer interface procedures and practices, and the timing or computation of payments to customers and other parties. In certain cases, if appropriate, the Company may offer customers or other parties remediation and may incur charges, including the cost of such remediation, administrative costs and regulatory fines.

The Company is subject to the laws and regulations of states and other jurisdictions concerning the identification, reporting and escheatment of unclaimed or abandoned funds, and is subject to audit and examination for compliance with these requirements.

It is possible that the results of operations or the cash flows of the Company in a particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected as a result of payments in connection with the matters discussed above or other matters depending, in part, upon the results of operations or cash flows for such period. Management believes, however, that ultimate payments in connection with these matters, after consideration of applicable reserves and rights to indemnification, should not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position.

Litigation and Regulatory Matters

The Company is subject to legal and regulatory actions in the ordinary course of its business. Pending legal and regulatory actions include proceedings specific to the Company and proceedings generally applicable to business practices in the industry in which it operates. The Company is subject to class action lawsuits and other litigation involving a variety of issues and allegations involving sales practices, claims payments and procedures, premium charges, policy servicing and breach of fiduciary duty to customers. The Company is also subject to litigation arising out of its general business activities, such as its investments, contracts, leases and labor and employment relationships, including claims of discrimination and harassment, and could be exposed to claims or litigation concerning certain business or process patents. In addition, the Company, along with other participants in the businesses in which it engages, may be subject from time to time to investigations, examinations and inquiries, in some cases industry-wide, concerning issues or matters upon which such regulators have determined to focus. In some of the Company’s pending legal and regulatory actions, parties are seeking large and/or indeterminate amounts, including punitive or exemplary damages. The outcome of litigation or a regulatory matter, and the amount or range of potential loss at any particular time, is often inherently uncertain.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

The Company establishes accruals for litigation and regulatory matters when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of that loss can be reasonably estimated. For litigation and regulatory matters where a loss may be reasonably possible, but not probable, or is probable but not reasonably estimable, no accrual is established, but the matter, if material, is disclosed. The Company estimates that as of September 30, 2021, the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses in excess of accruals established for those litigation and regulatory matters for which such an estimate currently can be made is less than $100 million. This estimate is not an indication of expected loss, if any, or the Company's maximum possible loss exposure on such matters. The Company reviews relevant information with respect to its litigation and regulatory matters on a quarterly and annual basis and updates its accruals, disclosures and estimates of reasonably possible loss based on such reviews.

The following discussion of litigation and regulatory matters provides an update of those matters discussed in Note 14 to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, and should be read in conjunction with the complete descriptions provided in the Form 10-K.

Behfarin v. Pruco Life

This matter is now closed.

Moreland, Socorro v. PICA, et al.

In June 2020, a putative class action complaint entitled Socorro Moreland v. The Prudential Insurance Company of America; Pruco Life Insurance Company, was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, alleging that the Company failed to comply with California laws requiring that life insurance policies issued and delivered in California: (i) provide for a 60-day grace period pre-lapse during which a policy must stay in force; (ii) provide a 30 day written notice of pending lapse; and (iii) notify policyowners of their right to designate additional recipients for lapse notices. The complaint asserts claims for violation of California law, breach of contract, unfair competition, and bad faith violation of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, and seeks unspecified damages, declaratory and injunctive relief. In August 2020, defendants filed an answer to the complaint and a motion to stay the action pending the California Supreme Court’s decision, in McHugh v. Protective Life Insurance, on the question of whether the California lapse statutes apply to policies that were in force when the statutes went into effect on January 1, 2013, or solely to policies issued after that date. The Moreland court granted defendants’ motion to stay in October 2020. Subsequently, in August 2021, the California Supreme Court in McHugh determined that the California lapse statutes apply to policies that were in force as of January 1, 2013. In October 2021, the Moreland court lifted the stay order.

Other Matters
Doyle C. Stone v. PFI, et al.

In April 2021, defendants filed a motion to dismiss the complaint. In June 2021, plaintiff filed a notice of voluntary dismissal of the complaint, without prejudice. In August 2021, plaintiff filed a new putative class action complaint in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (the “Second Complaint”), asserting claims against Prudential Financial, Inc. and Pruco Life Insurance Company for violation of the New Jersey Consumer Fraud Act, breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment and common law fraud. The putative class includes all Plan Participants from January 2015 until the present. In September 2021, defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Second Complaint.

Regulatory
Variable Products
The Company has received regulatory inquiries and requests for information from state and federal regulators, including a subpoena from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, concerning the appropriateness of variable product sales and replacement activity. The Company is cooperating with regulators and may become subject to additional regulatory inquiries and other actions related to this matter.



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PRUCO LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY    
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

Summary

The Company’s litigation and regulatory matters are subject to many uncertainties, and given their complexity and scope, their outcome cannot be predicted. It is possible that the Company’s results of operations or cash flows in a particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected by an ultimate unfavorable resolution of pending litigation and regulatory matters depending, in part, upon the results of operations or cash flows for such period. In light of the unpredictability of the Company’s litigation and regulatory matters, it is also possible that in certain cases an ultimate unfavorable resolution of one or more pending litigation or regulatory matters could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial statements. Management believes, however, that, based on information currently known to it, the ultimate outcome of all pending litigation and regulatory matters, after consideration of applicable reserves and rights to indemnification, is not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial statements.


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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) addresses the consolidated financial condition of Pruco Life Insurance Company, or the “Company,” as of September 30, 2021, compared with December 31, 2020, and its consolidated results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. You should read the following analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the MD&A, the “Risk Factors” section, and the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, as well as the statements under “Forward-Looking Statements” , and the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Overview

The Company sells variable annuities, universal life insurance, variable life insurance and term life insurance primarily through affiliated and unaffiliated distributors in the United States. As of December 31, 2020, the Company discontinued the sales of traditional variable annuities with guaranteed living benefit riders.

Effective July 1, 2021, the Company recaptured the risks related to its variable annuity base contracts, along with the living benefit guarantees, that had previously been reinsured to Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation (“PALAC”) from April 1, 2016 through June 30, 2021. The recapture does not impact Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey, which will continue to reinsure its new and in force business to The Prudential Insurance of America. The product risks related to the previously reinsured business that were being managed in PALAC, were transferred to the Company. In addition, the living benefit hedging program related to the previously reinsured living benefit riders will be managed within the Company. This transaction is referred to as the "2021 Variable Annuities Recapture". For more information on this transition, see Note 1 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
COVID-19
Since the first quarter of 2020, the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) has created extreme stress and disruption in the global economy and financial markets and has elevated mortality and morbidity experience for the global population. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact our results of operations in the current period and is expected to continue to impact our results of operations in future periods. The COVID-19 pandemic has moved in localized waves, with its impact worsening and then improving in different locations at different times in a repetitive but unpredictable pattern. During the third quarter of 2021, the mortality impacts to our businesses from COVID-19 increased compared to the second quarter. The Company has taken several measures to manage the impacts of this crisis. The actual and expected impacts of these events and other items are included in the following update:
Outlook. We expect COVID-19 to continue to contribute to elevated levels of mortality, resulting in increased life insurance claims in the near-term. The pandemic may also impact sales volumes.

Risk Factors. The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted our results of operations, financial position, investment portfolio, new business opportunities and operations, and these impacts are expected to continue. For additional information on the risks to our business posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, see “Risk Factors” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Business Continuity. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, we have been executing Prudential Financial Inc.'s ("Prudential Financial") and our business continuity protocols to ensure our employees are safe and able to serve our customers. This included effectively transitioning the vast majority of our employees to remote work arrangements.

We believe we can sustain remote work and social distancing for an indefinite period while ensuring that critical business operations are sustained. In addition, we are managing COVID-19-related impacts on third-party provided services, and do not anticipate significant interruption in critical operations.










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Impact of a Low Interest Rate Environment

As a global financial services company, market interest rates are a key driver of our results of operations and financial condition. Changes in interest rates can affect our results of operations and/or our financial condition in several ways, including favorable or adverse impacts to:

investment-related activity, including: investment income returns, net interest margins, net investment spread results
new money rates, mortgage loan prepayments and bond redemptions;
hedging costs and other risk mitigation activities;
insurance reserve levels, amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs (“DAC”) and market experience true-ups:
customer account values, including their impact on fee income;
product offerings, design features, crediting rates and sales mix; and
policyholder behavior, including surrender or withdrawal activity.

For more information on interest rate risks, see “Risk Factors—Market Risk” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Revenues and Expenses

The Company earns revenues principally from insurance premiums, mortality and expense fees, asset administration fees from insurance and investment products, and from net investment income on the investment of general account and other funds. The Company receives premiums primarily from the sale of individual life insurance and annuity products. The Company earns mortality and expense fees, and asset administration fees, primarily from the sale and servicing of universal life insurance and separate account products including variable life insurance and variable annuities. The Company’s operating expenses principally consist of insurance benefits provided and reserves established for anticipated future insurance benefits, general business expenses, reinsurance premiums, commissions and other costs of selling and servicing the various products sold and interest credited on general account liabilities.

Accounting Policies & Pronouncements

Application of Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the application of accounting policies that often involve a significant degree of judgment. Management, on an ongoing basis, reviews estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of financial statements. If management determines that modifications in assumptions and estimates are appropriate given current facts and circumstances, the Company’s results of operations and financial position as reported in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements could change significantly.

Management believes the accounting policies relating to the following areas are most dependent on the application of estimates and assumptions and require management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments:

DAC and other costs, including deferred sales inducements (“DSI”);
Policyholder liabilities;
Valuation of investments, including derivatives, measurement of allowance for credit losses, and recognition of other-than-temporary impairments;
Reinsurance recoverables;
Taxes on income; and
Reserves for contingencies, including reserves for losses in connection with unresolved legal matters.


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Market Performance - Equity and Interest Rate Assumptions

DAC and other costs associated with the variable and universal life policies and the variable and fixed annuity contracts are generally amortized over the expected lives of these policies in proportion to total gross profits. Total gross profits include both actual gross profits and estimates of gross profits for future periods. The quarterly adjustments for market performance reflect the impact of changes to our estimate of total gross profits to reflect actual fund performance and market conditions. A significant portion of gross profits for our variable annuity contracts and, to a lesser degree, our variable life contracts are dependent upon the total rate of return on assets held in separate account investment options. This rate of return influences the fees we earn on variable annuity and variable life contracts, costs we incur associated with the guaranteed minimum death and guaranteed minimum income benefit features related to our variable annuity contracts and expected claims to be paid on variable life contracts, as well as other sources of profit. Returns that are higher than our expectations for a given period produce higher than expected account balances, which increase the future fees we expect to earn on variable annuity and variable life contracts and decrease the future costs we expect to incur associated with the guaranteed minimum death and guaranteed minimum income benefit features related to our variable annuity contracts and expected claims to be paid on variable life contracts. The opposite occurs when returns are lower than our expectations. The changes in future expected gross profits are used to recognize a cumulative adjustment to all prior periods’ amortization.

Furthermore, the calculation of the estimated liability for future policy benefits related to certain insurance products includes an estimate of associated revenues and expenses that are dependent on both historical market performance as well as estimates of market performance in the future. Similar to DAC and other costs described above, these liabilities are subject to quarterly adjustments for experience including market performance, in addition to annual adjustments resulting from our annual reviews of assumptions.

The weighted average rate of return assumptions used in developing estimated market returns consider many factors specific to each product type, including asset durations, asset allocations and other factors. With regard to equity market assumptions, the near-term future rate of return assumption used in evaluating DAC, other costs and liabilities for future policy benefits for certain of our products, primarily our domestic variable annuity and variable life insurance products, is generally updated each quarter and is derived using a reversion to the mean approach, a common industry practice. Under this approach, we consider historical equity returns and adjust projected equity returns over an initial future period of five years (the “near-term”) so that equity returns converge to the long-term expected rate of return. If the near-term projected future rate of return is greater than our near-term maximum future rate of return of 15.0%, we use our maximum future rate of return. If the near-term projected future rate of return is lower than our near-term minimum future rate of return of 0%, we use our minimum future rate of return. As of September 30, 2021, our variable annuities and variable life insurance businesses assume an 8.0% long-term equity expected rate of return and a 0.4% near-term mean reversion equity expected rate of return.

With regard to interest rate assumptions used in evaluating DAC, DSI and liabilities for future policy benefits for certain of our products, we generally update the long-term and near-term future rates used to project fixed income returns annually and quarterly, respectively. As a result of our 2021 annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, we kept our long-term expectation of the 10-year U.S. Treasury rate unchanged and continue to grade to a rate of 3.25% over ten years. As part of our quarterly market experience updates, we update our near-term projections of interest rates to reflect changes in current rates.

For a discussion of the impact that could result from changes in certain key assumptions, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Accounting Policies and Pronouncements—Sensitivities for Insurance Assets and Liabilities” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.



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Future Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements

ASU 2018-12, Financial Services - Insurance (Topic 944): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts, was issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) on August 15, 2018. In October 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-09, Financial Services - Insurance (Topic 944): Effective Date to affirm its decision to defer the effective date of ASU 2018-12 to January 1, 2022 (with early adoption permitted), representing a one year extension from the original effective date of January 1, 2021. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, in November 2020 the FASB issued ASU 2020-11, Financial Services—Insurance (Topic 944): Effective Date and Early Application to defer for an additional one year the effective date of ASU 2018-12 from January 1, 2022 to January 1, 2023, and to provide transition relief to facilitate the early adoption of the ASU. The transition relief would allow large calendar-year public companies that early adopt ASU 2018-12 to apply the guidance either as of January 1, 2020 or January 1, 2021 (and record transition adjustments as of January 1, 2020 or January 1, 2021, respectively) in the 2022 financial statements. Companies that do not early adopt ASU 2018-12 would apply the guidance as of January 1, 2021 (and record transition adjustments as of January 1, 2021) in the 2023 financial statements. The Company currently intends to adopt ASU 2018-12 effective January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective transition method where permitted.

ASU 2018-12 will impact, at least to some extent, the accounting and disclosure requirements for all long-duration insurance and investment contracts issued by the Company. The Company expects the standard to have a significant financial impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements and will significantly enhance disclosures. In addition to significant impacts to the balance sheet upon adoption, the Company also expects an impact to the pattern of earnings emergence following the transition date. See Note 2 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for a more detailed discussion of ASU 2018-12, as well as other accounting pronouncements issued but not yet adopted and newly adopted accounting pronouncements.

Changes in Financial Position

Total assets decreased $1.7 billion from $208.3 billion at December 31, 2020 to $206.6 billion at September 30, 2021. Significant components were:

Reinsurance recoverables decreased $17.5 billion primarily driven by the recapture of the living benefit guarantees as part of the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture;

Partially offset by:

Total investments increased $8.8 billion primarily driven by consideration received related to the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture;
Deferred policy acquisition costs increased $3.8 billion primarily due to the unwinding of ceded costs as a result of the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture; and
Separate account assets increased $1.1 billion primarily driven by favorable equity performance, partially offset by net outflows and policy charges.
Total liabilities decreased $3.1 billion from $204.3 billion at December 31, 2020 to $201.2 billion at September 30, 2021. Significant components were:
Future policy benefits decreased $5.1 billion primarily driven by a decrease in reserves related to our variable annuity living benefit liabilities due to rising rates and favorable equity performance;
Partially offset by:
Separate account liabilities increased $1.1 billion, corresponding to the increase in Separate account assets, as discussed above.
Total equity increased $1.4 billion from $4.0 billion at December 31, 2020 to $5.4 billion at September 30, 2021 driven by a capital contribution of $3.8 billion as a result of the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture, partially offset by after-tax net loss of $2.4 billion.


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Results of Operations

Income (loss) from Operations before Income Taxes

Three Months Comparison

Income (loss) from operations before income taxes decreased $3,229 million from income of $33 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 to a loss of $3,196 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 primarily driven by:
Significant Realized investment gains (losses), net reflecting an unfavorable impact due to the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture. See Note 1 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for further details;
Partially offset by:
Lower General, administrative and other expenses primarily driven by the unwinding of ceded deferred acquisition costs, partially offset by ceding allowance paid as part of the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture.

Nine Months Comparison

Income (loss) from operations before income taxes decreased $3,249 million from income of $85 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 to a loss of $3,164 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. This includes an unfavorable comparative net loss of $24 million from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as mentioned above. Excluding the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, income (loss) from operations decreased $3,225 million primarily driven by:
Significant Realized investment gains (losses), net reflecting an unfavorable impact due to the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture. See Note 1 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for further details;
Partially offset by:
Lower General, administrative and other expenses primarily driven by the unwinding of ceded deferred acquisition costs, partially offset by ceding allowance paid as part of the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture.

The following table provides the net impact to the Unaudited Interim Statements of Operations, which is primarily driven by the changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative liability and hedge positions under the Asset Liability Management ("ALM") strategy, and the related amortization of DAC and other costs.
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2021
(in millions)(1)
U.S. GAAP embedded derivative and hedging positions
Change in value of U.S.GAAP liability, pre-NPR(2)$266 
Change in the NPR adjustment(217)
Change in fair value of hedge assets, excluding capital hedges(3)(453)
Change in fair value of capital hedges(4)(54)
2021 Variable Annuities Recapture(4,953)
Other426 
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments(4,985)
Market experience updates(5)(26)
Charges related to realized investments gains (losses), net
Net impact from changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative and hedge positions, after the impact of NPR, DAC and other costs(6)$(5,011)
(1)Positive amount represents income; negative amount represents a loss.
(2)Represents the change in the liability (excluding NPR) for our variable annuities which is measured utilizing a valuation methodology that is required under U.S. GAAP. This liability includes such items as risk margins which are required by U.S. GAAP but not included in our best estimate of the liability.
(3)Represents the changes in fair value of the derivatives utilized to hedge potential claims associated with our variable annuity living benefit guarantees.
(4)Represents the changes in fair value of equity derivatives of the capital hedge program intended to protect a portion of the overall capital position of our business against exposure to the equity markets.
(5)Represents the immediate impacts in current period results from changes in current market conditions on estimates of profitability.


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(6)Excludes amounts from the changes in unrealized gains and losses from fixed income instruments recorded in OCI (versus net income) of $20 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021.

For the three months ended September 30, 2021, the loss of $5.0 billion was primarily driven by the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture. See Note 1 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.

Revenues, Benefits and Expenses
Three Months Comparison
Revenues decreased $4,317 million from $302 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 to $(4,015) million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 primarily driven by:
Significant Realized investment gains (losses), net reflecting an unfavorable impact due to the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture. See Note 1 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.
Benefits and expenses decreased $1,089 million from $270 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 to $(819) million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 primarily driven by:
Lower General, administrative and other expenses primarily driven by the unwinding of ceded deferred acquisition costs, partially offset by ceding allowance paid as part of the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture.
Nine Months Comparison
Revenues decreased $4,235 million from $846 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 to $(3,389) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. This includes an unfavorable comparative net decrease of $43 million from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as mentioned above. Excluding the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, Revenues decreased $4,191 million primarily driven by:
Significant Realized investment gains (losses), net reflecting an unfavorable impact due to the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture. See Note 1 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.

Benefits and expenses decreased $986 million from $761 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 to $(225) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. This includes a favorable comparative net decrease of $19 million from our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, as mentioned above. Excluding the impact of our annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, Benefits and expenses decreased $966 million primarily driven by:
Lower General, administrative and other expenses primarily driven by the unwinding of ceded deferred acquisition costs, partially offset by ceding allowance paid as part of the 2021 Variable Annuities Recapture.
Risks and Risk Mitigants
Variable Annuity Risks and Risk Mitigants:
The primary risk exposures of our variable annuity contracts relate to actual deviations from, or changes to, the assumptions used in the original pricing of these products, including capital markets assumptions such as equity market returns, interest rates and market volatility, along with actuarial assumptions such as contractholder mortality, the timing and amount of annuitization and withdrawals, and contract lapses. For these risk exposures, achievement of our expected returns is subject to the risk that actual experience will differ from the assumptions used in the original pricing of these products. Prudential Financial manages our exposure to certain risks driven by fluctuations in capital markets primarily through a combination of Product Design Features and an Asset Liability Management Strategy ("ALM"), as discussed below. The Company also manages these risk exposures through reinsurance for certain of our variable annuity products. For information on our reinsurance agreements, see Note 6 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements. Sales of traditional variable annuities with guaranteed living benefit riders were discontinued as of December 31, 2020.
Effective July 1, 2021, the Company recaptured the risks related to its variable annuity base contracts, along with the living benefit guarantees, that had previously been reinsured to PALAC from April 1, 2016 through June 30, 2021. The recapture does not impact PLNJ, which will continue to reinsure its new and in force business to Prudential Insurance. The product risks related to the previously reinsured business that were being managed in PALAC, were transferred to the Company. In addition, the living benefit hedging program related to the previously reinsured living benefit riders will be managed within the Company. For more information on this transaction, see Note 1 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.


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Product Design Features:
A portion of the variable annuity contracts that we offered include an asset transfer feature. This feature is implemented at the contract level, and transfers assets between certain variable investment sub-accounts selected by the annuity contractholder and, depending on the benefit feature, a fixed-rate account in the general account or a bond fund sub-account within the separate account. The objective of the asset transfer feature is to reduce our exposure to equity market risk and market volatility.
The asset transfer feature associated with highest daily living benefit products uses a designated bond fund sub-account within the separate account. The transfers are based on a static mathematical formula used with the particular benefit which considers a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the impact of investment performance on the contractholder’s total account value. Other product design features we utilize include, among others, asset allocation restrictions, minimum issuance age requirements and certain limitations on the amount of contractholder purchase payments, as well as a required minimum allocation to our general account for certain of our products. In addition, there is diversity in our fee arrangements, as certain fees are primarily based on the benefit guarantee amount, the contractholder account value and/or premiums, which helps preserve certain revenue streams when market fluctuations cause account values to decline.
Asset Liability Management Strategy (including fixed income instruments and derivatives):
We employ an ALM strategy that utilizes a combination of both traditional fixed income instruments and derivatives to meet expected liabilities associated with our variable annuity living benefit guarantees. The economic liability we manage with this ALM strategy consists of expected living benefit claims under less severe market conditions, which are managed using fixed income instruments, derivatives, or a combination thereof, and potential living benefit claims resulting from more severe market conditions, which are hedged using derivative instruments. For the portion of our ALM strategy executed with derivatives, we enter into a range of exchange-traded and over-the-counter equity, interest rate and credit derivatives, including, but not limited to: equity and treasury futures; total return, credit default and interest rate swaps; and options, including equity options, swaptions, and floors and caps. The intent of this strategy is to more efficiently manage the capital and liquidity associated with these products while continuing to mitigate fluctuations in net income due to movements in capital markets.
The valuation of the economic liability we seek to defray excludes certain items that are included within the U.S. GAAP liability, such as NPR in order to maximize protection irrespective of the possibility of our own default, as well as risk margins (required by U.S. GAAP but different from our best estimate) and valuation methodology differences. The following table provides a reconciliation between the liability reported under U.S. GAAP and the economic liability we manage through our ALM strategy, net of reinsurance recoverables, as of the period indicated:
As of September 30, 2021
(in millions)
U.S. GAAP Liability, including NPR$8,269 
NPR Adjustment2,033 
     Subtotal10,302 
Adjustments including risk margins and valuation methodology differences(1,785)
     Economic liability managed by ALM strategy$8,517 
As of September 30, 2021, the fair value of our fixed income instruments and derivative assets exceed our economic liability.
Under our ALM strategy, we expect differences in the U.S. GAAP net income impact between the changes in value of the fixed income instruments (either designated as available-for-sale or designated as trading) and derivatives as compared to the changes in the embedded derivative liability these assets support. These differences can be primarily attributed to three distinct areas:
Different valuation methodologies in measuring the liability we intend to cover with fixed income instruments and derivatives versus the liability reported under U.S. GAAP. The valuation methodology utilized in estimating the economic liability we intend to defray with fixed income instruments (either designated as available-for-sale or designated as trading) and derivatives is different from that required to be utilized to measure the liability under U.S. GAAP. Additionally, the valuation of the economic liability excludes certain items that are included within the U.S. GAAP liability, such as NPR in order to maximize protection irrespective of the possibility of our own default and risk margins (required by U.S. GAAP but different from our best estimate).


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Different accounting treatment between liabilities and assets supporting those liabilities. Under U.S. GAAP, changes in value of the embedded derivative liability, derivative instruments and fixed income instruments designated as trading immediately reflected in net income, while changes in the fair value of fixed income instruments that are designated as available-for-sale are recorded as unrealized gains (losses) in other comprehensive income.
General hedge results. For the derivative portion of the ALM strategy, the net hedging impact (the extent to which the changes in value of the hedging instruments offset the change in value of the portion of the economic liability we are hedging) may be impacted by a number of factors, including: cash flow timing differences between our hedging instruments and the corresponding portion of the economic liability we are hedging, basis differences attributable to actual underlying contractholder funds to be hedged versus hedgeable indices, rebalancing costs related to dynamic rebalancing of hedging instruments as markets move, certain elements of the economic liability that may not be hedged (including certain actuarial assumptions), and implied and realized market volatility on the hedge positions relative to the portion of the economic liability we seek to hedge.
For information regarding the Risk Appetite Framework ("RAF") we use to evaluate and support the risks of the ALM strategy, see “—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital”
Capital Hedge Program:
We employ a capital hedge program within the Company to protect a portion of the overall capital position of the variable annuities business against its exposure to the equity markets. The capital hedge program is conducted using equity derivatives which include equity call and put options, total return swaps and futures contracts.



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Income Taxes
    
For information regarding income taxes, see Note 7 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.


Liquidity and Capital Resources
This section supplements and should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Overview
Liquidity refers to the ability to generate sufficient cash resources to meet the payment obligations of the Company. Capital refers to the long-term financial resources available to support the operations of our business, fund business growth, and provide a cushion to withstand adverse circumstances. Our ability to generate and maintain sufficient liquidity and capital depends on the profitability of our business, general economic conditions, our ability to borrow from affiliates and our access to the capital markets through affiliates as described herein.
Effective and prudent liquidity and capital management is a priority across the organization. Management monitors the liquidity of the Company on a daily basis and projects borrowing and capital needs over a multi-year time horizon. We use a Risk Appetite Framework ("RAF") to ensure that all risks taken by the Company aligns with our capacity and willingness to take those risks. The RAF provides a dynamic assessment of capital and liquidity stress impacts, including scenarios similar to, and more severe than, those occurring due to COVID-19, and is intended to ensure that sufficient resources are available to absorb those impacts. We believe that our capital and liquidity resources are sufficient to satisfy the capital and liquidity requirements of the Company.
Our businesses are subject to comprehensive regulation and supervision by domestic and international regulators. These regulations currently include requirements (many of which are the subject of ongoing rule-making) relating to capital, leverage, liquidity, stress-testing, overall risk management, credit exposure reporting and credit concentration. For information on these regulatory initiatives and their potential impact on us, see “Business—Regulation" and “Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Capital
We manage the Company to regulatory capital levels consistent with our "AA" ratings targets. We utilize the risk-based capital (“RBC”) ratio as a primary measure of capital adequacy. RBC is calculated based on statutory financial statements and risk formulas consistent with the practices of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC"). RBC considers, among other things, risks related to the type and quality of the invested assets, insurance-related risks associated with an insurer’s products and liabilities, interest rate risks and general business risks. RBC ratio calculations are intended to assist insurance regulators in measuring an insurer’s solvency and ability to pay future claims. The reporting of RBC measures is not intended for the purpose of ranking any insurance company or for use in connection with any marketing, advertising or promotional activities, but is available to the public. The Company’s capital levels substantially exceed the minimum level required by applicable insurance regulations. Our regulatory capital levels may be affected in the future by changes to the applicable regulations, proposals for which are currently under consideration by both domestic and international insurance regulators.
The regulatory capital level of the Company can be materially impacted by interest rate and equity market fluctuations, changes in the values of derivatives, the level of impairments recorded, and credit quality migration of the investment portfolio, among other items. In addition, the reinsurance of business or the recapture of business subject to reinsurance arrangements due to defaults by, or credit quality migration affecting, the reinsurers or for other reasons could negatively impact regulatory capital levels. The Company’s regulatory capital level is also affected by statutory accounting rules, which are subject to change by each applicable insurance regulator.
Captive Reinsurance Companies:
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital—Affiliated Captive Reinsurance Companies” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, for a discussion of our use of captive reinsurance companies.
Liquidity
Our liquidity is managed to ensure stable, reliable and cost-effective sources of cash flows to meet all of our obligations. Liquidity is provided by a variety of sources, as described more fully below, including portfolios of liquid assets. Our investment portfolios are integral to the overall liquidity of the Company. We use a projection process for cash flows from


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operations to ensure sufficient liquidity to meet projected cash outflows, including claims. The impact of Prudential Funding, LLC’s ("Prudential Funding"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Insurance, financing capacity on liquidity is considered in the internal liquidity measures of the Company.
Liquidity is measured against internally-developed benchmarks that take into account the characteristics of both the asset portfolio and the liabilities that they support. We consider attributes of the various categories of liquid assets (for example, type of asset and credit quality) in calculating internal liquidity measures to evaluate our liquidity under various stress scenarios, including company-specific and market-wide events. We continue to believe that cash generated by ongoing operations and the liquidity profile of our assets provide sufficient liquidity under reasonably foreseeable stress scenarios.
The principal sources of the Company’s liquidity are premiums and certain annuity considerations, investment and fee income, investment maturities, sales of investments and internal borrowings. The principal uses of that liquidity include benefits, claims, and payments to policyholders and contractholders in connection with surrenders, withdrawals and net policy loan activity. Other uses of liquidity include commissions, general and administrative expenses, purchases of investments, the payment of dividends and returns of capital to the parent company, hedging and reinsurance activity and payments in connection with financing activities.
In managing liquidity, we consider the risk of policyholder and contractholder withdrawals of funds earlier than our assumptions when selecting assets to support these contractual obligations. We use surrender charges and other contract provisions to mitigate the extent, timing and profitability impact of withdrawals of funds by customers.
Liquid Assets
Liquid assets include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, U.S. Treasury fixed maturities, and fixed maturities that are not designated as held-to-maturity and public equity securities. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had liquid assets of $15,692 million and $7,681 million, respectively. The portion of liquid assets comprised cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments was $1,185 million and $477 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. As of September 30, 2021, $6,677 million, or 93%, of the fixed maturity investments in the Company's general account portfolios, were rated high or highest quality based on NAIC or equivalent rating.

Term and Universal Life Reserve Financing
The Company uses affiliated captive reinsurance subsidiaries to finance the portion of the statutory reserves required to be held under Regulation XXX and Guideline AXXX that is considered to be non-economic. The financing arrangements involve the reinsurance of term and universal life business to our affiliated captive reinsurers and the issuance of surplus notes by those affiliated captives that are treated as capital for statutory purposes. These surplus notes are subordinated to policyholder obligations, and the payment of principal and interest on the surplus notes can only be made with prior insurance regulatory approval.

As of September 30, 2021, the affiliated captive reinsurance companies have entered into agreements with external counterparties providing for the issuance of up to an aggregate of $14,700 million of surplus notes by our affiliated captive reinsurers in return for the receipt of credit-linked notes (“Credit-Linked Note Structures”), of which $12,746 million of surplus notes was outstanding, compared to an aggregate issuance capacity of $14,825 million, of which $12,919 million was outstanding as of December 31, 2020. Under the agreements, the affiliated captive receives in exchange for the surplus notes one or more credit-linked notes issued by a special-purpose affiliate of the Company with an aggregate principal amount equal to the surplus notes outstanding. The affiliated captive holds the credit-linked notes as assets supporting Regulation XXX or Guideline AXXX non-economic reserves, as applicable. For more information on our Credit-Linked Note Structures, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Financing Activities” in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

As of September 30, 2021, our affiliated captive reinsurance companies had outstanding an aggregate of $2,775 million of debt issued for the purpose of financing Regulation XXX and Guideline AXXX non-economic reserves, of which approximately $1,175 million relates to Regulation XXX reserves and approximately $1,600 million relates to Guideline AXXX reserves. In addition, as of September 30, 2021, for purposes of financing Guideline AXXX reserves, one of our affiliated captives had approximately $3,982 million of surplus notes outstanding that were issued to affiliates.

The Company has introduced updated versions of its individual life products in conjunction with the requirement to adopt principle-based reserving by January 1, 2020. These updated products are currently priced to support the principle-based statutory reserve level without the need for reserve financing.



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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
This section supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, the complete descriptions provided in Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Market Risk
Market risk is the risk of fluctuations in the value of financial instruments as a result of absolute or relative changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, equity prices or commodity prices. To varying degrees, our products and services, and the investment activities supporting them, generate exposure to market risk. The market risk incurred, and our strategies for managing this risk, vary by product. As a result of the “2021 Variable Annuities Recapture” described below, as of September 30, 2021, there have been material changes in our economic exposure to market risk from December 31, 2020, a description of which may be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2020, Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. See Item 1A, “Risk Factors” included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, for a discussion of how difficult conditions in the financial markets and the economy generally may materially adversely affect our business and results of our operations.
Effective July 1, 2021, the Company recaptured the risks related to its variable annuity base contracts, along with the living benefit guarantees, that had previously been reinsured to Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation (“PALAC”) from April 1, 2016 through June 30, 2021. The product risks related to the previously reinsured business that were being managed in PALAC, were transferred to the Company. In addition, the living benefit hedging program related to the previously reinsured living benefit riders will be managed within the Company. See Note 1 to the Unaudited Interim Financial Statements for additional information.
Market Risk Related to Interest Rates
We assess the impact of interest rate movements on the value of our financial assets, financial liabilities and derivatives using hypothetical test scenarios that assume either upward or downward 100 basis point parallel shifts in the yield curve from prevailing interest rates, reflecting changes in either credit spreads or the risk-free rate. The following table sets forth the net estimated potential loss in fair value on these financial instruments from a hypothetical 100 basis point upward shift at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. This table is presented on a gross basis and excludes offsetting impacts to insurance liabilities that are not considered financial liabilities under U.S. GAAP. This scenario results in the greatest net exposure to interest rate risk of the hypothetical scenarios tested at those dates. While the test scenario is for illustrative purposes only and does not reflect our expectations regarding future interest rates or the performance of fixed-income markets, it is a near-term, reasonably possible hypothetical change that illustrates the potential impact of such events. These test scenarios do not measure the changes in value that could result from non-parallel shifts in the yield curve which we would expect to produce different changes in discount rates for different maturities. As a result, the actual loss in fair value from a 100 basis point change in interest rates could be different from that indicated by these calculations. The estimated changes in fair values do not include separate account assets.


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 September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
NotionalFair ValueHypothetical    
Change in
Fair Value
NotionalFair ValueHypothetical    
Change in
Fair Value
 (in millions)
Financial assets with interest rate risk:
Fixed maturities(1)$14,454 $(1,779)$7,095 $(691)
Policy loans1,324 1,324 
Commercial mortgage and other loans2,120 (94)1,359 (64)
Derivatives:
Futures$6,525 (27)(183)$58 
Swaps149,487 (4,570)(2,222)1,673 23 (23)
Options46,052 (264)(240)3,245 109 
Forwards263 (2)(35)55 (1)
Embedded derivatives(2)(3)(10,252)4,720 (14,179)6,145 
Financial liabilities with interest rate risk(4):
Policyholders' account balances-investment contracts(1,702)(1,715)
Net estimated potential gain (loss)(5)$176 $5,377 
__________
(1)Includes assets classified as "Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value" and "Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value."
(2)Excludes any offsetting impact of derivative instruments purchased to hedge changes in the embedded derivatives. Amounts reported gross of reinsurance.
(3)Embedded derivatives relate to certain features associated with variable annuity and indexed universal life contracts. The fair value and hypothetical change in fair value of each is $(9,098) million and $4,574 million, and $(1,154) million and $146 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2021. The fair value and hypothetical change in fair value of each is $(13,024) million and $5,997 million, and $(1,155) million and $148 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2020.
(4)Excludes $51 billion and $55 billion as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, of insurance reserve and deposit liabilities which are not considered financial liabilities. We believe that the interest rate sensitivities of these insurance liabilities would serve as an offset to the net interest rate risk of the financial assets and financial liabilities, including investment contracts.
(5)Excludes reinsurance recoverable which offsets a portion of the gains and losses of embedded derivatives related primarily to certain features associated with variable annuity contracts and "Policyholders' account balances-investment contracts."

Market Risk Related to Equity Prices
We estimate our equity risk from a hypothetical 10% decline in equity benchmark levels. The following table sets forth the net estimated potential loss in fair value from such a decline as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. While these scenarios are for illustrative purposes only and do not reflect our expectations regarding future performance of equity markets or of our equity portfolio, they do represent near-term, reasonably possible hypothetical changes that illustrate the potential impact of such events. These scenarios consider only the direct impact on fair value of declines in equity benchmark market levels and not changes in asset-based fees recognized as revenue, changes in our estimates of total gross profits used as a basis for amortizing deferred policy acquisition and other costs, or changes in any other assumptions such as market volatility or mortality, utilization or persistency rates in our variable annuity contracts that could also impact the fair value of our living benefit features. In addition, these scenarios do not reflect the impact of basis risk, such as potential differences in the performance of the investment funds underlying the variable annuity products relative to the market indices we use as a basis for developing our hedging strategy. The impact of basis risk could result in larger differences between the change in fair value of the equity-based derivatives and the related living benefit features in comparison to these scenarios. In calculating these amounts, we exclude separate account equity securities.



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 September 30, 2021December 31, 2020(1)
 NotionalFair
Value
Hypothetical
Change in
Fair Value
NotionalFair
Value
Hypothetical
Change in
Fair Value
 (in millions)
Equity securities$53 $(5)$108 $(11)
Equity-based derivatives(2)$53,510 (41)1,292 $3,245 109 (38)
Embedded derivatives(2)(3)(4)(10,252)(1,297)(1,155)52 
Net estimated potential loss$(10)$
__________
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
(2)Both the notional amount and fair value of equity-based derivatives and the fair value of embedded derivatives are also reflected in amounts under “Market Risk Related to Interest Rates” above and are not cumulative.
(3)Excludes any offsetting impact of derivative instruments purchased to hedge changes in the embedded derivatives. Amounts reported gross of reinsurance.
(4)Embedded derivatives relate primarily to certain features associated with variable annuity and indexed universal life contracts. The fair value and hypothetical change in fair value of each is $(9,098) million and $(1,253) million, and $(1,154) million and $44 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2021. The fair value and hypothetical change in fair value for embedded derivatives associated with variable annuity contracts were not included as of December 31, 2020 as they were generally reinsured to an affiliate as part of our risk management strategy prior to the "2021 Variable Annuities Recapture", as discussed above. Therefore, the impact from this hypothetical scenario as of December 31, 2020, as seen above, was primarily from embedded derivatives associated with indexed universal life contracts.


Item 4.  Controls and Procedures

In order to ensure that the information we must disclose in our filings with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported on a timely basis, the Company’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”) Rule 13a-15(e), as of September 30, 2021. Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of September 30, 2021, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. No change in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f), occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2021, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.  Legal Proceedings

See Note 10 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements under “—Litigation and Regulatory Matters” for a description of certain pending litigation and regulatory matters affecting us, and certain risks to our business presented by such matters, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

You should carefully consider the risks described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. These risks could materially affect our business, results of operations or financial condition, cause the trading price of our Common Stock to decline materially or cause our actual results to differ materially from those expected or those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by, or on behalf of, the Company. These risks are not exclusive, and additional risks to which we are subject include, but are not limited to, the factors mentioned under “Forward-Looking Statements” and the risks of our businesses described elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.


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Item 6. Exhibits
EXHIBIT INDEX
101.INS - XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH - XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL - XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB - XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE - XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF - XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
104.Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)



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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Pruco Life Insurance Company
By:/s/ Susan M. Mann
Name:Susan M. Mann
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Authorized Signatory and Principal Financial Officer)
Date: November 19, 2021



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