ThZeal - The Zeal

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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly period ended December 31, 2024

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 001-31747

UNIVERSAL SECURITY INSTRUMENTS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland		52-0898545
(State or other jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)		Identification No.)

11407 Cronhill Drive, Suite A
Owings Mills, Maryland		21117
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (410) 363-3000

Inapplicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year if changed from last report.)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☐ Non-Accelerated Filer ☒ Smaller Reporting Company ☒ Emerging Growth Company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	UUU	NYSE MKT LLC

At February 14, 2025, the number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock was 2,312,887.

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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

UNIVERSAL SECURITY INSTRUMENTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS


ASSETS	(unaudited)		(audited)
	December 31, 2024		March 31, 2024
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash	$	58,882	$	65,081

Accounts receivable:
Trade, less provision for credit losses of $325,000		535,565		1,101,991
Other receivables		8,000		5,500
Total accounts receivable		543,565		1,107,491

Amount due from factor		2,734,008		2,202,663
Inventories - finished goods net of allowance for excess and obsolete inventories of $400,000 at December 31, 2024 and $100,000 at March 31, 2024		6,060,327		4,751,826
Prepaid expenses		123,744		226,732

TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS		9,520,526		8,353,793

INTANGIBLE ASSETS - NET		27,947		31,301
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT – NET		39,914		159,656

TOTAL ASSETS	$	9,588,387	$	8,544,750

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Line of credit - factor	$	1,499,653	$	768,853
Short-term portion of operating lease liability		53,289		158,742
Accounts payable - trade		891,183		870,323
Accounts payable – Eyston Company, Ltd.		2,540,767		1,501,169
Accrued liabilities:
Accrued payroll and employee benefits		148,449		154,878
Accrued commissions and other		293,886		114,428

TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES		5,427,227		3,568,393

LONG-TERM PORTION OF OPERATING LEASE LIABILITY		—		13,330

TOTAL LONG-TERM LIABILITIES		—		13,330

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES		—		—

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common stock, $.01 par value per share; authorized 20,000,000 shares; 2,312,887 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024		23,129		23,129
Additional paid-in capital		12,885,841		12,885,841
Accumulated Deficit		(8,747,810)		(7,945,943)

TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY		4,161,160		4,963,027
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	9,588,387	$	8,544,750

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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UNIVERSAL SECURITY INSTRUMENTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2024		2023

Net sales	$	5,535,148	$	4,654,978

Cost of goods sold		4,513,137		3,153,071

GROSS PROFIT		1,022,011		1,501,907

Selling, general and administrative expense		1,762,446		1,310,872
Engineering and product development expense		130,395		77,295

Operating (loss) income		(870,830)		113,740

Other expense:
Interest income		—		24,746
Interest expense		(77,409)		(36,310)

Net (loss) income before taxes		(948,239)		102,176

Provision for income tax benefit		11,600		—

NET (LOSS) INCOME	$	(936,639)	$	102,176

Earnings per share:
Basic and diluted	$	(0.40)	$	0.04

Shares used in computing earnings per share:
Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding		2,312,887		2,312,887

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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UNIVERSAL SECURITY INSTRUMENTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2024		2023

Net sales	$	17,336,933	$	15,071,204

Cost of goods sold		13,229,275		10,552,919

GROSS PROFIT		4,107,658		4,518,285

Selling, general and administrative expense		4,369,219		4,068,162
Engineering and product development expense		328,367		273,673

Operating (loss) income		(589,928)		176,450

Other (expense):
Interest income		—		24,746
Interest expense		(211,939)		(120,315)

NET (LOSS) INCOME	$	(801,867)	$	80,881

Earnings per share:
Basic and diluted	$	(0.35)	$	0.03

Shares used in computing (loss) earnings per share:
Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding		2,312,887		2,312,887

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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UNIVERSAL SECURITY INSTRUMENTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

NINE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024

(Unaudited)


				Additional
	Common	Stock		Paid-In		Accumulated
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Total

Balance at April 1, 2024	2,312,887	$	23,129	$	12,885,841	$	(7,945,943)	$	4,963,027

Net loss							(442,206)		(442,206)

Balance at June 30, 2024	2,312,887	$	23,129	$	12,885,841	$	(8,388,149)	$	4,520,821

Net income							576,978		576,978

Balance at September 30, 2024	2,312,887	$	23,129	$	12,885,841	$	(7,811,171)	$	5,097,799

Net loss							(936,639)		(936,639)

Balance at December 31, 2024	2,312,887	$	23,129	$	12,885,841	$	(8,747,810)	$	4,161,160

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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UNIVERSAL SECURITY INSTRUMENTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

NINE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023

(Unaudited)


				Additional
	Common	Stock		Paid-In		Accumulated
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Total

Balance at April 1, 2023	2,312,887	$	23,129	$	12,885,841	$	(7,550,153)	$	5,358,817

Net income							165,130		165,130

Balance at June 30, 2023	2,312,887	$	23,129	$	12,885,841	$	(7,385,023)	$	5,523,947

Net loss							(186,425)		(186,425)

Balance at September 30, 2023	2,312,887	$	23,129	$	12,885,841	$	(7,571,448)	$	5,337,522

Net income							102,176		102,176

Balance at December 31, 2023	2,312,887	$	23,129	$	12,885,841	$	(7,469,272)	$	5,439,698

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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UNIVERSAL SECURITY INSTRUMENTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2024		2023

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net (Loss) Income	$	(801,867)	$	80,881
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		4,313		9,426
Allowance for excess and obsolete inventory		300,000		—

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease in accounts receivable and amount due from factor		32,581		311,821
Increase in inventories, prepaid expenses		(1,505,513)		(1,050,814)
Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses		1,233,487		874,648

NET CASH FLOWS (USED IN) PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES		(736,999)		225,962

CASH FLOWS FROM (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net borrowing (repayment) - Line of Credit – Factor		730,800		(338,286)

NET DECREASE IN CASH		(6,199)		(112,324)

Cash at beginning of period		65,081		151,502

CASH AT END OF PERIOD	$	58,882	$	39,178

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION:
Interest paid	$	211,939	$	120,315

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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UNIVERSAL SECURITY INSTRUMENTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Statement of Management

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Universal Security Instruments, Inc. (USI or the Company) and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Except for the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2024, which was derived from audited financial statements, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited. Significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the interim condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (US-GAAP) have been condensed or omitted. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s March 31, 2024, audited financial statements filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 10-K as filed on July 12, 2024. The interim operating results are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full fiscal year.

Asset Purchase Agreement

As previously announced, management has been seeking access to additional funding or other resources, or the right strategic business combination, which would allow the Company to drive long-term value for its shareholders while taking advantage of sales growth opportunities that the Company seeks to execute.

In furtherance thereof, as previously announced on October 31, 2024, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with Feit Electric Company, Inc. (Feit) pursuant to which Feit agreed to acquire certain inventory and non-tangible assets of the Company, constituting substantially all of the assets of the Company. The Closing is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain customary closing conditions, including but not limited to, the approval of the transaction by the requisite vote of the stockholders of the Company. The special meeting of the shareholders to approve the sale and related actions was called on January 23, 2025, but, due to insufficient votes to approve the transactions, was adjourned until March 6, 2025. In addition, in the event the sale of assets and related transactions are not approved by shareholders, the Company will consider delisting its shares from the NYSE and terminating its periodic reporting obligations under the federal securities laws thereby limiting access to shareholder information and significantly reducing shareholders’ ability to buy and sell shares. For additional information, please refer to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on January 23, 2025.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

During the nine-month period ending December 31, 2024, the Company recorded a net loss of $801,867 and used cash of $736,999 in operating activities. Approximately $435,000 of the loss from operations is related to costs incurred in furtherance of the proposed sale of the operating assets of the Company in accordance with the Asset Purchase Agreement noted above. These expenditures used significant cash and have negatively impacted the Company’s availability of cash advances under its factoring agreement. The Company has previously disclosed that it has limited financial resources and access to capital. Financing is limited to amounts available under the factoring agreement as discussed below. The uncertainty associated with the recurring operating losses, and limited financial resources and access to capital, raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for at least one-year after the date the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are issued.

Line of Credit – Factor

The Company entered into an Agreement with Merchant Financial Group (Merchant) for the purpose of factoring the Company’s trade accounts receivable. Under the Agreement the Company may borrow eighty percent (80%) of eligible accounts receivable. In accordance with the Agreement Merchant may, from time to time, and in their sole discretion, approve advances in excess of our currently available trade accounts receivable balances. The Agreement, which was extended and expires on January 6, 2026, provides for continuation of the program for successive two-year periods until terminated by one of the parties to the Agreement. The amount available to borrow from Merchant is approximately $324,000 at December 31, 2024. Advances on factored trade accounts receivable are secured by all assets, are repaid periodically as collections are made by Merchant but are otherwise due upon demand, and bear interest at the prime commercial rate of interest, as published, plus two percent (effective rate 9.5% at December 31, 2024). Advances under the Agreement

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are made at the sole discretion of Merchant, based on their assessment of the receivables and inventory, and our financial condition at the time of each request for an advance. At December 31, 2024 there was $1,499,653 borrowed and outstanding under the terms of the factoring agreement.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with US-GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. During the nine-month period ending December 30, 2024, management increased the reserve for excess and obsolete inventory by $300,000 to reflect potential losses arising from the sale of inventory under a proposed asset purchase agreement as discussed earlier.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s primary source of revenue is the sale of safety and security products based upon purchase orders or contracts with customers. Revenue is recognized at a point in time once the Company has determined that the customer has obtained control over the product. Control is typically deemed to have been transferred to the customer when the product is shipped or delivered to the customer. Customers may not return, exchange or refuse acceptance of goods without our approval. Generally, the Company does not grant extended payment terms. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight, after control over a product has transferred to a customer, are accounted for as a cost to complete the sale and are recorded in selling, general and administrative expense. Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of firm orders for satisfied or partially satisfied performance obligations on contracts with an original expected duration of one year or more. The Company’s contracts are predominantly short-term in nature with a contract term of one year or less. For those contracts, the Company has utilized the practical expedient in ASC Topic 606 exempting the Company from disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for products sold. Purchase orders may contain stand-alone pricing applied to each of the multiple products ordered. Revenue is recorded at the transaction price net of estimates of variable consideration. The Company uses the expected value method based on historical data in considering the impact of estimates of variable consideration, which may include trade discounts, allowances, product returns (including rights of return) or warranty replacements. Estimates of variable consideration are included in revenue to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company presents below revenue associated with sales of products acquired from Eyston Company Ltd. (Eyston) separately from revenue associated with sales of ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCI’s) and ventilation fans. The Company believes this disaggregation best depicts how our various product lines perform and are affected by economic factors. Revenue recognized by these categories for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 are as follows:


	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	Dec. 31, 2024		Dec. 31, 2023		Dec. 31, 2024		Dec. 31, 2023
Sales of products acquired from Eyston	$	4,929,918	$	4,066,699	$	15,420,952	$	12,861,878
Sales of GFCI’s and ventilation fans		605,230		588,279		1,915,981		2,209,326
	$	5,535,148	$	4,654,978	$	17,336,933	$	15,071,204

Concentrations

The Company is primarily a distributor of safety products for use in home and business under both its trade names and private labels for other companies. The Company acquires all of the smoke alarm and carbon monoxide alarm safety products that it sells from Eyston Company, Ltd. In addition, the Company had two customers in the nine-month period ended December 31, 2024, that represented 23.9%, and 14.0% of the Company’s net sales, with the same two customers representing 10.7% and 15.8% of the Company’s net sales for the three-month period ended December 31, 2024. These customers represented 15.9% and 16.5%, respectively, of the total trade accounts receivable at December 31, 2024.

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The Company had three customers in the nine-month period ended December 31, 2023, that represented 15.7%, 15.0%, and 13.0% of the Company’s net sales. These three customers represented 10.1%, 10.7%, and 18.6% of the Company’s net sales, respectively in the three-month period ended December 31, 2023.

Related Party Transactions

During the three and nine-month periods ended December 31, 2024, inventory purchases and other company expenses of approximately $67,000 and $1,013,000 respectively, were charged to credit card accounts of Harvey B. Grossblatt, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and certain of his immediate family members. During the three and nine-month periods ended December 31, 2023, inventory purchases and other company expenses of approximately $421,000 and $1,121,000 respectively, were charged to credit card accounts of Harvey B. Grossblatt, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and certain of his immediate family members. The Company subsequently reimbursed these charges in full. Mr. Grossblatt receives mileage benefits from these charges. The maximum amount outstanding and due to Mr. Grossblatt at any point during the nine-month period ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 amounted to $285,333 and $167,435, respectively. The amount due to Mr. Grossblatt at December 31, 2024 amounted to approximately $2,000.

Receivables

Receivables are recorded when the Company has an unconditional right to consideration. We have established a provision for credit losses based upon historical experience and the consideration of current and future economic conditions.

Income Taxes

We calculate our interim tax provision in accordance with the guidance for accounting for income taxes in interim periods. We estimate the annual effective tax rate and apply that tax rate to our ordinary quarterly pre-tax income. The tax expense or benefit related to discrete events during the interim period is recognized in the interim period in which those events occurred.

The Company recognizes a liability or asset for the deferred tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets or liabilities and their reported amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements. These temporary differences may result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amounts of the assets or liabilities are recovered or settled.

Management reviews net operating loss carry forwards and income tax credit carry forwards to evaluate if those amounts are recoverable. After a review of projected taxable income, the components of the deferred tax asset, and the current global economic conditions including unresolved supply chain issues related to the acquisition of electronic microchips, it was determined that it is more likely than not that the tax benefits associated with the remaining components of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. This determination was made based on the Company’s prior history of losses from operations and the uncertainty as to whether the Company will generate sufficient taxable income to use the deferred tax assets prior to their expiration. Accordingly, a valuation allowance was established to fully offset the value of the deferred tax assets. Our ability to realize the tax benefits associated with the deferred tax assets depends primarily upon the timing of future taxable income and the expiration dates of the components of the deferred tax assets. If sufficient future taxable income is generated, we may be able to offset a portion of future tax expenses.

The Company follows ASC 740-10 which provides guidance for tax positions related to the recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and requires that we recognize in our condensed consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not to be sustained upon an examination, based on the technical merits of the position. Interest and penalties, if any, related to income tax matters are recorded as income tax expenses.

Accounts Receivable and Amount Due From Factor

The Company assigns the majority of its short-term receivables arising in the ordinary course of business to our factor. At the time a receivable is assigned to our factor the credit risk associated with the credit worthiness of the debtor is assumed by the factor. The Company continues to bear any credit risk associated with sales to customers that are denied credit by the factor, dispute delivery, and/or have warranty issues related to the products sold.

Management assesses the credit risk of both its trade accounts receivable and its financing receivables. A provision for credit losses is provided based on that assessment. Changes in the provision are charged to operations in the period the change is determined. Amounts

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ultimately determined to be uncollectible are eliminated from the receivable accounts and from the provision for credit losses in the period that the receivables’ status is determined to be uncollectible.

Based on the nature of the factoring agreement and prior experience, no provision for credit losses related to Amounts Due from Factor has been provided. At December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024 a provision for credit losses of approximately $325,000 has been provided for uncollectible trade accounts receivable.

Earnings (loss) per Common Share

Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the effect of stock options and other potentially dilutive common stock equivalents. The dilutive effect of stock options and other potentially dilutive common stock equivalents is determined using the treasury stock method based on the Company’s average stock price. There were no potentially dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2024, or 2023. As a result, basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding are identical for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2024, and 2023.

Contingencies

From time to time, the Company is involved in various claims and routine litigation matters. In the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, the outcomes of such matters are not anticipated to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows in future years.

Leases

The Company is a lessee in lease agreements for office space. Certain of the Company’s leases contain provisions that provide for one or more options to terminate or extend the lease at the Company’s sole discretion. The Company’s leases are comprised of fixed lease payments, with its real estate leases including lease payments subject to a rate or index which may be variable. Certain real estate leases also include executory costs such as common area maintenance (non-lease component). As a practical expedient permitted under ASC 842, the Company has elected to account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. The Company utilizes certain practical expedients for short-term leases, including the election not to reassess its prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs, as well as the election not to separate lease and non-lease components for arrangements where the Company is a lessee. Lease payments, which may include lease components and non-lease components, are included in the measurement of the Company’s lease liabilities to the extent that such payments are either fixed amounts or variable lease amounts based on a rate or index (fixed in substance) as stipulated in the lease contract.

Effective March 2022, we extended our operating lease for a 15,000 square foot office and warehouse located in Baltimore County, Maryland to expire in April, 2025 subject to a right to terminate the lease if the Company enters into a binding agreement to sell the assets of the Company. No option to continue the lease beyond April 2025 has been provided in the lease extension. Monthly rental expense, with common area maintenance, currently approximates $15,000 and increases 3.0% per year.

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None of the Company’s lease agreements contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. As a result of the Company’s election of the package of practical expedients permitted within ASC 842, which among other things, allows for the carryforward of historical lease classification, all of the Company’s lease agreements in existence at the date of adoption that were classified as operating leases under ASC 840 have been classified as operating leases under ASC 842. Lease expense for payments related to the Company’s operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the related lease term, which includes options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option.

Right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments as specified in the lease. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities related to the Company’s operating leases are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of the remaining lease payments over the lease term. When the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available surrounding the Company’s borrowing rates at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The right-of use asset also includes any lease payments made at or before lease commencement less any lease incentives. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had right-of-use assets of $38,940 and lease liabilities of $53,289 related to its operating leases. Right-of-use assets are included in property and equipment, net, on the consolidated balance sheet and lease liabilities related to the Company’s operating leases are included in short-term and long-term lease liability on the consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s weighted-average remaining lease term and weighted-average discount rate related to its operating leases is four months and 5.5%, respectively. During the nine-month period ended December 31, 2024, the cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities related to the Company’s operating leases was $120,425, which is included as an operating cash outflow within the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. During the nine-month period ended December 31, 2024, the operating lease costs related to the Company’s operating leases was $120,425 which is included in operating costs and expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. During the nine-month period ended December 31, 2023, the cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities related to the Company’s operating leases was $116,918, which is included as an operating cash outflow within the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. During the nine-month period ended December 31, 2023, the operating lease costs related to the Company’s operating leases was $116,918 which is included in operating costs and expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

The future minimum payments are as follows for the remaining fiscal periods ended March 31:


2025	$	40,142
2026		13,381
Total operating lease payments	$	53,523
Less: amounts representing interest		(204)
Present value of net operating lease payments	$	53,319
Less: current portion		53,319
Long-term portion of operating lease obligations	$	—

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Changes to US-GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in the form of Accounting Standards Updates (ASU’s) to the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification. The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASU’s. Management is considering the adoption of ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Reporting and ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. Management currently believes that adoption of the guidance of the ASU’s will not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements on the date of adoption or for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2025.

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ITEM 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

As used throughout this Report, “we,” “our,” “the Company” “USI” and similar words refers to Universal Security Instruments, Inc.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements reflecting our current expectations with respect to our operations, performance, financial condition, and other developments. These forward-looking statements may generally be identified by the use of the words “may”, “will”, “believes”, “should”, “expects”, “anticipates”, “estimates”, and similar expressions. These statements are necessarily estimates reflecting management’s best judgment based upon current information and involve a number of risks and uncertainties. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made, and readers are advised that various factors could affect our financial performance and could cause our actual results for future periods to differ materially from those anticipated or projected. While it is impossible to identify all such factors, such factors include, but are not limited to, those risks identified in our periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

OVERVIEW

We are in the business of marketing and distributing safety and security products. Our financial statements detail our sales and other operational results for the three and nine-month periods ended December 31, 2024, and 2023.

The Company has developed products based on new smoke and gas detection technologies, with what the Company believes are improved sensing technology and product features. Most of our new technologies and features have been trademarked under the trade name IoPhic.

Changes in international trade duties and other aspects of international trade policy, both in the U.S. and abroad, could materially impact the cost of our products. All of our products are imported from the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). To date, only certain of our products such as Carbon Monoxide and Photoelectric alarms, and certain wiring devices, have been subjected to tariffs of 25%. We are monitoring these developments and will determine our strategies as additional information becomes available. Any increase in tariffs that is not offset by an increase in our sales prices could have an adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Three Months Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

Sales. Net sales for the three months ended December 31, 2024, were $5,535,148 compared to $4,654,978 for the comparable three months in the prior year, an increase of $880,170 (18.9%). Sales increased principally due to the timing of orders from a large retail customer.

Gross Profit Margin. Gross profit margin is calculated as net sales less cost of goods sold expressed as a percentage of net sales. Our gross profit margin was 18.5% and 32.3% of sales for the quarters ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively. Gross margins for the three-month period ended December 31, 2024, decreased principally due to the bulk sale of certain excess and obsolete inventory at reduced gross profit margins. In addition, gross margins in the current and prior comparable three-month periods were impacted by variations in the mix of products sold.

Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses were $1,762,446 for the three months ended December 31, 2024, compared to $1,310,872 for the comparable three months in the prior year. As a percentage of net sales, these expenses increased to 31.8% for the three-month period ended December 31, 2024, from 28.2% for the 2023 period. These expenses increased as a dollar amount principally due to the timing of expenditures comprised principally of legal, proxy solicitation, proxy tabulation, and consulting business advisors related to efforts in the current quarter to pursue the previously mentioned Asset Purchase Agreement pursuant to which the Company has agreed, subject to shareholder approval, to sell certain inventory and non-tangible assets of the Company, constituting substantially all of the assets of the Company.

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Engineering and product development expenses were $130,395 for the three-month period ended December 31, 2024, and $77,295 for the comparable quarter of the prior year, a $53,100 (68.7%) increase. These expenses increased primarily due to an increase in product development costs.

Interest Expense. Our interest expense was $77,409 for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, compared to interest expense of $36,310 for the quarter ended December 31, 2023. Interest expense is dependent upon the total amounts borrowed from the Factor and changes in interest rates during the period as compared to the corresponding period of the prior year.

Net (Loss) Income. We reported a net loss of $936,639 for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, compared to net income of $102,176 for the corresponding quarter of the prior fiscal year, a $1,038,815 decrease in net income. Net income decreased principally due to lower gross profit margins as discussed above and due to expenditures related to efforts in the current quarter to pursue strategic alternatives and merger activities.

Nine Months Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

Sales. Net sales for the nine months ended December 31, 2024, were $17,336,933 compared to $15,071,204 for the comparable nine months in the prior period, an increase of $2,265,729 (15.0%). Sales increased principally due to the timing of orders to a large retailer, improvements in deliveries of products, and the easing of supply chain disruptions in shipping and handling of containers at California ports of entry. While delays in manufacturing and shipping have improved somewhat over the past fiscal year, we continue to experience delays in receiving inventory for sale.

Gross Profit Margin. The gross profit margin is calculated as net sales less cost of goods sold expressed as a percentage of net sales. The Company’s gross profit margin was 23.7% for the period ended December 31, 2024, and 30.0% for the period ended December 31, 2023. Gross margins for the nine-month period ended December 31, 2024, decreased principally due to an increase in the allowance for excess and obsolete inventory recorded during the nine-month period ended December 31, 2024, and due to the bulk sale of certain excess and obsolete inventory at reduced gross profit margins. In addition, gross margins in the nine-month period decreased due to increases in the cost of certain electronic components and variations in the mix of products sold. Gross margins are also impacted by variations in the mix of products sold and due to continued increases in the cost of certain electronic components.

Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses were $4,369,219 for the nine months ended December 31, 2024, compared to $4,068,162 for the comparable nine months in the prior year. As a percentage of sales, these expenses were 25.2% for the nine-month period ended December 31, 2024, and 27.0% for the comparable 2023 period. These expenses increased as a dollar amount principally due to the timing of expenditures related to efforts in the current nine-month period and the comparable period of the prior year to pursue strategic alternatives and merger activities.

Engineering and product development expenses were $328,367 for the nine months ended December 31, 2024, compared to $273,673 for the comparable period of the prior year. These expenses increased primarily due to an increase in product development costs.

Interest Expense. Our interest expense was $211,939 for the nine months ended December 31, 2024, compared to interest expense of $120,315 for the nine months ended December 31, 2023. Net interest income of $24,746 was earned in the nine month period ended December 31, 2023 primarily on refunded customs charges. Interest expense is dependent upon the total amounts borrowed from the Factor and changes in interest rates during the period as compared to the corresponding period of the prior year.

Net (Loss) Income. We reported a net loss of $801,867 for the nine months ended December 31, 2024, compared to net income of $80,881 for the corresponding period of the prior fiscal year, a decrease in net income of $882,748. Net income decreased principally due to lower gross profit margins as discussed above and due to expenditures related to efforts in the nine months ended December 31, 2024, to pursue strategic alternatives and merger activities.

Operating activities used cash of $736,999 for the nine months ended December 31, 2024. This was primarily due to a decrease in accounts receivable and amount due from factor of $32,581, and an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $1,233,487, offset by an increase in inventories and prepaid expenses of $1,505,513, and a net loss of $801,867. Operating activities provided cash of $225,962 for the nine months ended December 31, 2023. This was primarily due to net income of $80,881, a decrease in accounts receivable and amount due from factor of $311,821, and an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $874,648, and offset by an increase in inventories, prepaid expenses of $1,050,814.

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There were no investing activities for the nine months ended December 31, 2024, or 2023.

Financing activities provided cash of $730,800 during the nine months ended December 31, 2024, and used cash of $338,286 during the nine months ended December 30, 2023, which is comprised of borrowings from the factor net of repayments.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

During the nine-month period ending December 31, 2024, the Company recorded a net loss of $801,867 and used cash of $736,999 in operating activities. Approximately $435,000 of the loss from operations is related to costs incurred in furtherance of the proposed sale of the operating assets of the Company in accordance with the Asset Purchase Agreement noted above. These expenditures used significant cash and have negatively impacted the Company’s availability of cash advances under its factoring agreement. The Company has previously disclosed that it has limited financial resources and access to capital. Financing is limited to amounts available under the factoring agreement as previously discussed. The uncertainty associated with the recurring operating losses, and limited financial resources and access to capital, raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for at least one-year after the date the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are issued.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

In the notes to the consolidated financial statements, and in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Form 10-K, we have disclosed those accounting policies that we consider to be significant in determining our results of Operations and financial condition. There have been no material changes to those policies that we consider to be significant since the filing of our Form 10-K. The accounting principles used in preparing our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements conform in all material respects to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

ITEM 4.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain a system of disclosure controls and procedures (as such item is defined in Rules 13a – 15(e) and 15d – 15(e) of the Exchange Act) that is designed to provide reasonable assurance that information, which is required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and is accumulated and communicated to management in a timely manner. Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated this system of disclosure controls and procedures in accordance with applicable Securities and Exchange Commission guidance as of the end of the period covered by this annual report and have concluded that disclosure controls and procedures were not effective.

A material weakness arose during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, in the management review controls over classification of and disclosure of amounts within the financial statements. In remediation thereof, the Company now requires the concurrence of two members of management in its review of the classification of, and disclosure of amounts within the financial statements.

A material weakness arose during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, in the management review controls over the classification of and accounting for income taxes. In remediation thereof, the Company now requires the concurrence of two members of management in its review and control over its classification and accounting for income taxes.

A material weakness arose during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, in management’s review and control over documentation supporting entries posted to the Company’s general ledger. In remediation thereof, the Company now requires the concurrence of two members of management in its review and control over documentation supporting entries posted to the Company’s general ledger.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no other changes in internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2024.

Part I - Financial Information			Page

	Item 1.	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements:

		Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2024 (unaudited) and March 31, 2024	3

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 (unaudited)	4

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Nine Months Ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 (unaudited)	5

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Nine Months Ended December 31, 2024, (unaudited)	6

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Nine Months Ended December 31, 2023, (unaudited)	7

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 (unaudited)	8

		Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	9

	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	14

	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	16

	Item 5.	Other Information	17

Part II - Other Information

	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	17

	Item 6.	Exhibits	17

		Signatures	19


Exhibit No.
3.1		Articles of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 1988, File No. 1-31747)
3.2		Articles Supplementary, filed October 14, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 31, 2002, file No. 1-31747)
3.3		Bylaws, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 13, 2011, File No. 1-31747)
10.1		2011 Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement with respect to the Company’s 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, filed July 26, 2011, File No. 1-31747)
10.2		Discount Factoring Agreement between the Registrant and Merchant Factors Corp., dated January 6, 2015 (substantially identical agreement entered into by USI’s wholly-owned subsidiary, USI Electric, Inc.) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 16, 2015, file No. 1-31747)
10.3		Lease between Universal Security Instruments, Inc. and St. John Properties, Inc. dated November 4, 2008 for its office and warehouse located at 11407 Cronhill Drive, Suites A-D, Owings Mills, Maryland 21117 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 2008, File No. 1-31747)
10.4		Amendment to Lease between Universal Security Instruments, Inc. and St. John Properties, Inc. dated June 23, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2009, File No. 1-31747)

10.5		Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated July 18, 2007 between the Company and Harvey B. Grossblatt (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 2007, File No. 1-31747), as amended by Addendum dated November 13, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 15, 2007, File No. 1-31747), by Addendum dated September 8, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 8, 2008, File No. 1-31747), by Addendum dated March 11, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 12, 2010, File No. 1-31747), by Addendum dated July 19, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 20, 2012, File No. 1-31747), by Addendum dated July 3, 2013 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 8, 2013, File No. 1-31747), and by Addendum dated July 21, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 21, 2014, File No. 1-31747) ), by addendum dated July 23, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 28, 2015, File No. 1-31747), by addendum dated July 12, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 12, 2016, File No. 1-31747), by addendum dated July 18, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 20, 2017, File No. 1-31747), and by addendum dated July 9, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 9, 2018, File No. 1-31747), by addendum dated July 12, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 16, 2019, file No. 1-31747), by addendum dated July 27, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 27, 2020, file No. 1-31747). by addendum dated July 18, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 28, 2021, file No. 1-31747), by addendum dated July 22, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 28, 2022, file No. 1-31747), by addendum dated June 12, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 12, 2023, file No. 1-31747), and by addendum dated July 10, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 11, 2024, file No. 1-31747).
31.1		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer*
31.2		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer*
32.1		Section 1350 Certifications*
101		Interactive data files providing financial information from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the nine months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, and (vi) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements*


	UNIVERSAL SECURITY INSTRUMENTS, INC.
	(Registrant)

Date: February 14, 2025	By:	/s/ Harvey B. Grossblatt
		Harvey B. Grossblatt
		President, Chief Executive Officer

	By:	/s/ James B. Huff
		James B. Huff
		Vice President, Chief Financial Officer