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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2022

OR

☐

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from ___________ to ___________

Commission file number 001-35095

UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Georgia						58-1807304
(State of incorporation)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

125 Highway 515 East
Blairsville, Georgia						30512
(Address of principal executive offices)						(Zip code)

(706) 781-2265

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class			Trading Symbol(s)			Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common stock, par value $1 per share			UCBI			Nasdaq Global Select Market
Depositary shares, each representing 1/1000th interest in a share of Series I Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock			UCBIO			Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Date File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). 

Yes ☐ No ☒

There were 106,169,829 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $1 per share, outstanding as of October 31, 2022.

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.

FORM 10-Q

INDEX

						Glossary of Defined Terms			3
						Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-looking Statements			4
PART I - Financial Information
			Item 1.			Financial Statements
						Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)			5
						Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited)			6
						Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)			7
						Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (unaudited)			8
						Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)			9
						Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements			10
			Item 2.			Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			39
			Item 3.			Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			59
			Item 4.			Controls and Procedures			59
PART II - Other Information
			Item 1.			Legal Proceedings			60
			Item 1A.			Risk Factors			60
			Item 5.			Other Information.			60
			Item 6.			Exhibits			61

2

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Glossary of Defined Terms

The following terms may be used throughout this report, including the consolidated financial statements and related notes.

Term						Definition
2021 10-K						United’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2022
ACL						Allowance for credit losses
AFS						Available-for-sale
ALCO						Asset/Liability Management Committee
AOCI						Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Aquesta						Aquesta Financial Holdings, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Aquesta Bank
ASU						Accounting standards update
Bank						United Community Bank
Board						United Community Banks Inc., Board of Directors
BOLI						Bank-owned life insurance
CECL						Current expected credit loss model
CET1						Common equity tier 1
CME						Chicago Mercantile Exchange
Company						United Community Banks Inc. (interchangeable with "United" below)
CVA						Credit valuation adjustment
FASB						Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC						Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Federal Reserve						Federal Reserve System
FHLB						Federal Home Loan Bank
FinTrust						FinTrust Capital Partners, LLC, and its operating subsidiaries, FinTrust Capital Advisors, LLC, FinTrust Capital Benefits Group, LLC and FinTrust Brokerage Services, LLC
FTE						Fully taxable equivalent
GAAP						Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
GSE						U.S. government-sponsored enterprise
HELOC						Home equity lines of credit
HFI						Held for investment
Holding Company						United Community Banks, Inc. on an unconsolidated basis
HTM						Held-to-maturity
LIBOR						London Interbank Offered Rate
MD&A						Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
MBS						Mortgage-backed securities
NOW						Negotiable order of withdrawal
NPA						Nonperforming asset
OCI						Other comprehensive income (loss)
OREO						Other real estate owned
PCD						Purchased credit deteriorated
PPP						Paycheck Protection Program
Progress						Progress Financial Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Progress Bank & Trust
Reliant						Reliant Bancorp, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Reliant Bank
Report						Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
SBA						United States Small Business Administration
SEC						Securities and Exchange Commission
TDR						Troubled debt restructuring
U.S. Treasury						United States Department of the Treasury
United						United Community Banks, Inc. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries
USDA						United States Department of Agriculture

3

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-looking Statements

 

This Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are neither statements of historical or current fact nor are they assurances of future performance and generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believes”, “expects”, “may”, “will”, “could”, “should”, “projects”, “plans”, “goal”, “targets”, “potential”, “estimates”, “pro forma”, “seeks”, “intends”, or “anticipates”, or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements include discussions of strategy, financial projections, guidance and estimates (including their underlying assumptions), statements regarding plans, objectives, expectations or consequences of various transactions or events (including the expected completion date of the Progress transaction), and statements about our future performance, operations, products and services, and should be viewed with caution.

Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and changes in circumstances, many of which are beyond our control, and that are difficult to predict as to timing, extent, likelihood and degree of occurrence, and that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results implied or anticipated by the statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to the following:

•negative economic and political conditions that adversely affect the general economy, housing prices, the real estate market, the job market, consumer confidence, the financial condition of our borrowers and consumer spending habits, which may affect, among other things, the levels of non-performing assets, charge-offs and provision expense;

•changes in loan underwriting, credit review or loss policies associated with economic conditions, examination conclusions or regulatory developments, either as they currently exist or as they may be affected by conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic;

•COVID-19’s continuing effects on the economic and business environments in which we operate;

•strategic, market, operational, liquidity and interest rate risks associated with our business;

•unanticipated changes in the interest rate environment, including interest rate changes made by the Federal Reserve, the discontinuation of LIBOR as an interest rate benchmark, and cash flow reassessments, may reduce net interest margin and/or the volumes and values of loans made or held as well as the value of other financial assets;

•our lack of geographic diversification and any unanticipated or greater than anticipated adverse conditions in the national or local economies in which we operate;

•our loan concentration in industries or sectors that may experience unanticipated or anticipated adverse conditions greater than other industries or sectors in the national or local economies in which we operate;

•the risks of expansion into new geographic or product markets;

•risks with respect to recent, pending or potential future mergers or acquisitions, including our ability to successfully complete acquisitions and therefore, to integrate or expand businesses and operations that we acquire;

•our ability to attract and retain key employees;

•competition from financial institutions and other financial service providers, including non-bank financial technology providers, and our ability to attract customers from other financial institutions;

•losses due to fraudulent and negligent conduct of our customers, third party service providers or employees;

•cybersecurity risks and the vulnerability of our network and online banking portals, and the systems of parties with whom we contract, to unauthorized access, computer viruses, phishing schemes, spam attacks, human error, natural disasters, power loss and other security breaches that could adversely affect our business and financial performance or reputation;

•our reliance on third parties to provide key components of our business infrastructure and services required to operate our business;

•the risk that we may be required to make substantial expenditures to keep pace with regulatory initiatives and the rapid technological changes in the financial services market;

•the availability of and access to capital;

•legislative (e.g., tax), regulatory or accounting changes that may adversely affect us;

•volatility in the ACL resulting from the CECL methodology, either alone or as that may be affected by conditions arising out of the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation, changing interest rates or other factors;

•adverse results (including judgments, costs, fines, reputational harm, inability to obtain necessary approvals and/or other negative effects) from current or future litigation, regulatory proceedings, examinations, investigations, or similar matters, or developments related thereto;

•any event or development that would cause us to conclude that there was impairment of any asset, including intangible assets, such as goodwill;

•limitations on our ability to declare and pay dividends and other distributions from the Bank to the Holding Company, which could affect Holding Company liquidity, including the ability to pay dividends to shareholders or undertake other capital initiatives, such as share repurchases; and

•other risks and uncertainties disclosed in documents filed or furnished by us with or to the SEC, any of which could cause actual results to differ materially from future results expressed, implied or otherwise anticipated by such forward-looking statements.

We caution readers that the foregoing list of factors is not exclusive, is not necessarily in order of importance and readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Additional factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by any forward-looking statements also may be found in our 2021 10-K (including the “Risk Factor” section of that report), Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC and available at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. We do not intend to and, except as required by law, hereby disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement contained in this Report, which speaks only as of the date of its filing with the SEC, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. The financial statements and information contained herein have not been reviewed, or confirmed for accuracy or relevance, by the FDIC or any other regulator.

4

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Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share data)

						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks						$	222,524					$	144,244
Interest-bearing deposits in banks						216,496						2,147,266
Federal funds and other short-term investments						45,000						27,000
Cash and cash equivalents						484,020						2,318,510
Debt securities available-for-sale						3,862,886						4,496,824
Debt securities held-to-maturity (fair value $2,241,160 and $1,148,804, respectively)						2,676,405						1,156,098
Loans held for sale						21,967						44,109
Loans and leases held for investment						14,882,484						11,760,346
Less allowance for credit losses - loans and leases						(148,502)						(102,532)
Loans and leases, net						14,733,982						11,657,814
Premises and equipment, net						288,597						245,296
Bank owned life insurance						300,365						217,713
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net						780,868						472,407
Other assets						538,765						338,000
Total assets						$	23,687,855					$	20,946,771
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing demand						$	8,198,129					$	6,956,981
Interest-bearing deposits						12,123,013						11,284,198
Total deposits						20,321,142						18,241,179
Long-term debt						324,515						247,360
Accrued expenses and other liabilities						407,488						235,987
Total liabilities						21,053,145						18,724,526
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $1 par value: 10,000,000 shares authorized;   4,000 shares Series I issued and outstanding; $25,000 per share liquidation preference						96,422						96,422
Common stock, $1 par value: 200,000,000 shares authorized,   106,162,861 and 89,349,826 shares issued and outstanding, respectively						106,163						89,350
Common stock issuable: 596,365 and 595,705 shares, respectively						11,966						11,288
Capital surplus						2,304,514						1,721,007
Retained earnings						452,788						330,654
Accumulated other comprehensive loss						(337,143)						(26,476)
Total shareholders' equity						2,634,710						2,222,245
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity						$	23,687,855					$	20,946,771

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

5

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share data)

									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
									2022						2021						2022						2021
			Interest revenue:
			Loans, including fees						$	174,065					$	128,477					$	476,072					$	382,261
			Investment securities, including tax exempt of $2,568, $2,280, $7,762 and $6,685, respectively						36,953						18,540						91,043						51,530
			Deposits in banks and short-term investments						2,869						658						5,209						1,235
			Total interest revenue						213,887						147,675						572,324						435,026
			Interest expense:
			Deposits						9,880						3,142						17,313						11,981
			Short-term borrowings						27						—						27						2
			Long-term debt						4,206						3,494						12,515						11,564
			Total interest expense						14,113						6,636						29,855						23,547
			Net interest revenue						199,774						141,039						542,469						411,479
			Provision for (release of) credit losses						15,392						(11,034)						44,082						(36,903)
			Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses						184,382						152,073						498,387						448,382
			Noninterest income:
			Service charges and fees						9,569						9,350						28,644						25,255
			Mortgage loan gains and other related fees						6,297						13,828						29,420						47,536
			Wealth management fees						5,879						5,554						17,759						12,881
			Gains from sales of other loans, net						2,228						2,353						9,226						7,506
			Lending and loan servicing fees						2,946						2,825						7,518						7,070
			Securities gains (losses), net						—						—						(3,688)						41
			Other						5,003						6,185						15,474						20,352
			Total noninterest income						31,922						40,095						104,353						120,641
			Total revenue						216,304						192,168						602,740						569,023
			Noninterest expenses:
			Salaries and employee benefits						67,823						60,458						208,062						180,457
			Communications and equipment						8,795						7,368						27,718						21,979
			Occupancy						9,138						7,096						27,381						21,130
			Advertising and public relations						2,544						1,458						6,332						4,150
			Postage, printing and supplies						2,190						1,731						6,308						5,171
			Professional fees						4,821						5,347						14,670						14,509
			Lending and loan servicing expense						2,333						2,450						7,746						8,508
			Outside services - electronic banking						3,159						2,308						8,629						6,811
			FDIC assessments and other regulatory charges						2,356						1,723						6,796						5,520
			Amortization of intangibles						1,678						1,028						5,207						2,942
			Merger-related and other charges						1,746						1,437						17,905						4,058
			Other						6,172						4,345						16,066						12,248
			Total noninterest expenses						112,755						96,749						352,820						287,483
			Income before income taxes						103,549						95,419						249,920						281,540
			Income tax expense						22,388						21,603						53,898						63,758
			Net income						$	81,161					$	73,816					$	196,022					$	217,782
			Net income available to common shareholders						$	79,035					$	71,649					$	189,858					$	211,283
			Net income per common share:
			Basic						$	0.74					$	0.82					$	1.78					$	2.42
			Diluted						0.74						0.82						1.78						2.42
			Weighted average common shares outstanding:
			Basic						106,687						87,211						106,616						87,274
			Diluted						106,800						87,355						106,732						87,413

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited). 

6

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited)
(in thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,																		Nine Months Ended September 30,
						Before-tax Amount						Tax (Expense) Benefit						Net of Tax Amount						Before-tax Amount						Tax (Expense) Benefit						Net of Tax Amount
2022
Net income						$	103,549					$	(22,388)					$	81,161					$	249,920					$	(53,898)					$	196,022
Other comprehensive loss:
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities:
Unrealized holding losses						(104,754)						24,495						(80,259)						(429,607)						101,269						(328,338)
Reclassification of securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity						—						—						—						87,444						(20,770)						66,674
Realized losses included in net income						—						—						—						3,688						(979)						2,709
Net unrealized losses						(104,754)						24,495						(80,259)						(338,475)						79,520						(258,955)
Unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities transferred from available-for-sale:
Reclassification of unrealized losses						—						—						—						(87,444)						20,770						(66,674)
Amortization of unrealized losses						4,473						(1,073)						3,400						6,242						(1,495)						4,747
Net activity						4,473						(1,073)						3,400						(81,202)						19,275						(61,927)
Derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges:
Unrealized holding gains on derivatives						5,034						(1,286)						3,748						12,914						(3,299)						9,615
Losses on derivative instruments realized in net income						48						(12)						36						295						(75)						220
Net cash flow hedge activity						5,082						(1,298)						3,784						13,209						(3,374)						9,835
Amortization of defined benefit pension plan net periodic pension cost components						169						(43)						126						510						(130)						380
Total other comprehensive loss						(95,030)						22,081						(72,949)						(405,958)						95,291						(310,667)
Comprehensive income (loss)						$	8,519					$	(307)					$	8,212					$	(156,038)					$	41,393					$	(114,645)
2021
Net income						$	95,419					$	(21,603)					$	73,816					$	281,540					$	(63,758)					$	217,782
Other comprehensive loss:
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities:
Unrealized holding losses						(18,915)						4,686						(14,229)						(58,882)						15,766						(43,116)
Realized gains included in net income						—						—						—						(41)						14						(27)
Net unrealized losses						(18,915)						4,686						(14,229)						(58,923)						15,780						(43,143)
Derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges:
Unrealized holding gains on derivatives						431						(111)						320						3,475						(888)						2,587
Losses on derivative instruments realized in net income						153						(39)						114						444						(113)						331
Net cash flow hedge activity						584						(150)						434						3,919						(1,001)						2,918
Amortization of defined benefit pension plan net periodic pension cost components						260						(66)						194						782						(200)						582
Total other comprehensive loss						(18,071)						4,470						(13,601)						(54,222)						14,579						(39,643)
Comprehensive income						$	77,348					$	(17,133)					$	60,215					$	227,318					$	(49,179)					$	178,139

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

7

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
(in thousands except share data)

			Shares of Common Stock						Preferred Stock						Common Stock						Common Stock Issuable						Capital Surplus						Retained Earnings						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)						Total
Balance at June 30, 2021			86,664,894						$	96,422					$	86,665					$	10,650					$	1,636,875					$	244,006					$	11,668					$	2,086,286
Net income																																	73,816												73,816
Other comprehensive loss																																							(13,601)						(13,601)
Common stock issued for acquisitions			132,299												133												4,268																		4,401
Purchases of common stock			(342,744)												(343)												(9,657)																		(10,000)
Preferred stock dividends																																	(1,719)												(1,719)
Common stock dividends ($0.20 per share)																																	(17,600)												(17,600)
Impact of equity-based compensation awards			101,093												101						345						136																		582
Impact of other United sponsored equity plans			3,105												3						103						87																		193
Balance at September 30, 2021			86,558,647						$	96,422					$	86,559					$	11,098					$	1,631,709					$	298,503					$	(1,933)					$	2,122,358
Balance at June 30, 2022			106,033,960						$	96,422					$	106,034					$	11,448					$	2,304,608					$	396,970					$	(264,194)					$	2,651,288
Net income																																	81,161												81,161
Other comprehensive loss																																							(72,949)						(72,949)
Preferred stock dividends																																	(1,719)												(1,719)
Common stock dividends ($0.22 per share)																																	(23,624)												(23,624)
Impact of equity-based compensation awards			126,400												126						389						(168)																		347
Impact of other United sponsored equity plans			2,501												3						129						74																		206
Balance at September 30, 2022			106,162,861						$	96,422					$	106,163					$	11,966					$	2,304,514					$	452,788					$	(337,143)					$	2,634,710
Balance at December 31, 2020			86,675,279						$	96,422					$	86,675					$	10,855					$	1,638,999					$	136,869					$	37,710					$	2,007,530
Net income																																	217,782												217,782
Other comprehensive loss																																							(39,643)						(39,643)
Common stock issued for acquisitions			132,299												133												4,268																		4,401
Purchases of common stock			(492,744)												(493)												(14,608)																		(15,101)
Preferred stock dividends																																	(5,157)												(5,157)
Common stock dividends ($0.58 per share)																																	(50,991)												(50,991)
Impact of equity-based compensation awards			171,938												172						992						1,706																		2,870
Impact of other United sponsored equity plans			71,875												72						(749)						1,344																		667
Balance at September 30, 2021			86,558,647						$	96,422					$	86,559					$	11,098					$	1,631,709					$	298,503					$	(1,933)					$	2,122,358
Balance at December 31, 2021			89,349,826						$	96,422					$	89,350					$	11,288					$	1,721,007					$	330,654					$	(26,476)					$	2,222,245
Net income																																	196,022												196,022
Other comprehensive loss																																							(310,667)						(310,667)
Impact of acquisitions			16,571,545												16,571												579,805																		596,376
Preferred stock dividends																																	(5,157)												(5,157)
Common stock dividends ($0.64 per share)																																	(68,731)												(68,731)
Impact of equity-based compensation awards			175,843												176						1,843						2,885																		4,904
Impact of other United sponsored equity plans			65,647												66						(1,165)						817																		(282)
Balance at September 30, 2022			106,162,861						$	96,422					$	106,163					$	11,966					$	2,304,514					$	452,788					$	(337,143)					$	2,634,710

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

8

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(in thousands)

						Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2022						2021
Operating activities:
Net income						$	196,022					$	217,782
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization and accretion, net						34,707						(8,082)
Provision for (release of) credit losses						44,082						(36,903)
Stock based compensation						6,649						4,814
Deferred income tax expense						6,063						21,290
Securities losses (gains), net						3,688						(41)
Gains from sales of other loans, net						(9,226)						(7,506)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Other assets						(2,072)						32,952
Accrued expenses and other liabilities						92,084						21,597
Loans held for sale						136,405						37,009
Net cash provided by operating activities						508,402						282,912
Investing activities:
Debt securities held-to-maturity:
Proceeds from maturities and calls						140,253						51,770
Purchases						(326,494)						(716,399)
Debt securities available-for-sale:
Proceeds from sales						281,521						103,012
Proceeds from maturities and calls						493,848						709,435
Purchases						(1,665,466)						(1,909,879)
Net (increase) decrease in loans						(772,740)						234,855
Equity investments, outflows						(29,685)						(12,664)
Equity investments, inflows						17,336						7,007
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment						4,846						2,272
Purchases of premises and equipment						(26,300)						(19,733)
Net cash received in (paid for) acquisition						35,243						(9,484)
Proceeds from sale of other real estate and repossessed assets						2,178						2,404
Other investing outflows						—						(210)
Other investing inflows						1,819						767
Net cash used in investing activities						(1,843,641)						(1,556,847)
Financing activities:
Net (decrease) increase in deposits						(423,750)						1,634,947
Repayment of long-term debt						—						(80,632)
Proceeds from FHLB advances						—						10,000
Repayment of FHLB advances						—						(10,000)
Repurchase of common stock						—						(15,101)
Cash dividends on common stock						(63,256)						(49,313)
Cash dividends on preferred stock						(5,157)						(5,157)
Other financing inflows						560						406
Other financing outflows						(7,648)						(2,041)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities						(499,251)						1,483,109
Net change in cash and cash equivalents						(1,834,490)						209,174
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period						2,318,510						1,608,619
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period						$	484,020					$	1,817,793

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited). 

9

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

 

United’s accounting and financial reporting policies conform to GAAP and reporting guidelines of banking regulatory authorities. The accompanying interim consolidated financial statements have not been audited. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. A more detailed description of United’s accounting policies is included in its 2021 10-K.

 

In management’s opinion, all accounting adjustments necessary to accurately reflect the financial position and results of operations on the accompanying financial statements have been made. These adjustments are normal and recurring accruals considered necessary for a fair and accurate presentation. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year or any other interim periods. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in United’s 2021 10-K.

Note 2 – Accounting Standards Updates and Recently Adopted Standards

Recently Adopted Standards

In July 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-05, Leases (Topic 842): Lessors - Certain Leases with Variable Lease Payments. The update amends the lease classification requirements for lessors to align them with practice under the former lease accounting standard. Specifically, lessors should classify a lease with variable lease payments that do not depend on a reference index or rate as an operating lease if certain criteria are met. United adopted this update as of January 1, 2022, with no material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Standards

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-01, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Fair Value Hedging - Portfolio Layer Method. The update expands the current last-of-layer method to a portfolio layer method which allows multiple hedged layers of a single closed portfolio and non-prepayable financial assets. In addition, the update specifies that eligible hedging instruments may include spot-starting or forward-starting swaps and that the number of hedged layers corresponds with the number of hedges designated. Finally, the update provides additional guidance on the accounting for and disclosure of hedge basis adjustments. For public entities, this guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. United does not expect the new guidance to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures. The update eliminates the previous accounting guidance for TDRs by creditors, while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. The update also requires that an entity disclose current-period gross charge-offs by year of origination. For public entities, this guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. United does not expect the new guidance to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) - Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions. The update clarifies that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value. For public entities, this guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. United does not expect the new guidance to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

10

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 3 – Supplemental Cash Flow Information

The supplemental schedule of significant non-cash investing and financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 is as follows (in thousands).

						Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2022						2021
Significant non-cash investing and financing transactions:
Transfers of loans to repossessed and foreclosed properties						$	2,566					$	1,712
Unsettled securities purchases						—						3,977
Transfers of AFS securities to HTM securities						1,288,982						—
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities						9,035						1,543
Acquisitions:
Assets acquired						3,254,173						22,823
Liabilities assumed						2,657,173						1,103
Net assets acquired						597,000						21,720
Common stock issued and options converted						596,376						4,401
Accrued purchase price and contingent consideration						—						7,700

11

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 4 – Acquisitions

Acquisition of Reliant

On January 1, 2022, United acquired all of the outstanding common stock of Reliant in a stock transaction. Reliant operated a 25-branch network primarily located in Middle Tennessee. United’s operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 include the operating results of the acquired business for the period subsequent to the acquisition date of January 1, 2022.

 

The purchased assets and assumed liabilities were recorded at their acquisition date fair values and are summarized in the table below (in thousands). 

Reliant
			Fair Value Recorded by United (1)
									January 1, 2022
			Assets
			Cash and cash equivalents						$	62,867
			Debt securities						249,107
			Loans held for sale						116,406
			Loans held for investment						2,320,737
			Premises and equipment						35,631
			Bank-owned life insurance						78,170
			Accrued interest receivable						12,027
			Net deferred tax asset						5,793
			Core deposit intangible						14,500
			Other assets						59,768
			Total assets acquired						$	2,955,006
			Liabilities
			Deposits						$	2,504,823
			Short-term borrowings						27,000
			Long-term debt						76,730
			Other liabilities						48,620
			Total liabilities assumed						2,657,173
			Total identifiable net assets						297,833
			Consideration transferred
			Cash						624
			Common stock issued (16,571,545 shares)						595,581
			Options converted						795
			Total fair value of consideration transferred						597,000
			Goodwill						$	299,167

(1) Fair values are preliminary and are subject to refinement for a period not to exceed one year after the closing date of an acquisition as information relative to closing date fair values becomes available.

Goodwill represents the intangible value of Reliant’s business and reputation within the markets it served and is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The Reliant core deposit intangible will be amortized over its expected useful life of 10 years using the sum-of-the-years-digits method.

12

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following table presents additional information related to the acquired Reliant loan portfolio at the acquisition date (in thousands).

						January 1, 2022
			PCD loans:
			Par value			$	258,462
			ACL at acquisition			(12,737)
			Non-credit discount			(3,294)
			Purchase price			$	242,431
			Non-PCD loans:
			Fair value			$	2,078,306
			Gross contractual amounts receivable			2,355,205
			Estimate of contractual cash flows not expected to be collected			25,990

Pro forma information

 

The following table discloses the impact of the Reliant acquisition since the date of acquisition. The table also presents certain pro forma information as if Reliant had been acquired on January 1, 2021 and FinTrust had been acquired January 1, 2020. These results combine the historical results of the acquired entity with United’s consolidated statement of income. Adjustments were made for the estimated impact of certain fair value adjustments and other acquisition-related activity; however pro forma financial results presented are not necessarily indicative of what would have occurred had the acquisition taken place in earlier years.

 

Merger-related costs from the Reliant acquisition of $760,000 and $14.8 million have been excluded from the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 pro forma information presented below and included in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 pro forma information presented below. Merger-related costs from the FinTrust acquisition of $262,000 and $515,000, respectively, have been excluded from the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 pro forma information presented below. The actual results and pro forma information were as follows (in thousands):

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
						Revenue						Net Income						Revenue						Net Income
2022
Actual Reliant results included in statement of income since acquisition date						$	29,618					$	16,516					$	72,685					$	32,931
Supplemental consolidated pro forma as if Reliant had been acquired January 1, 2021						216,171						81,681						618,636						219,010
2021
Actual FinTrust results included in statement of income since acquisition date						$	2,017					$	(49)					$	2,017					$	(49)
Supplemental consolidated pro forma as if Reliant had been acquired January 1, 2021 and FinTrust had been acquired January 1, 2020						$	232,667					$	86,576					$	672,405					$	233,053

Announced Acquisition of Progress

On May 4, 2022, United announced an agreement to acquire Progress Financial Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Progress Bank & Trust, collectively referred to as “Progress”. Progress is headquartered in Huntsville, Alabama, and operates 14 offices in high-growth southeastern markets, including Huntsville, Birmingham, Daphne and Tuscaloosa in Alabama and the Florida Panhandle. As of September 30, 2022, Progress had total assets of $1.74 billion, total loans of $1.41 billion, and total deposits of $1.50 billion. The merger, which is subject to regulatory approval and other customary conditions, is expected to close in the first quarter of 2023.

13

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 5 – Investment Securities

During the first nine months of 2022, United transferred AFS debt securities to HTM with a fair value on the transfer date of $1.29 billion, which included unrealized losses recorded in AOCI totaling $87.4 million. No securities were transferred from AFS to HTM during the third quarter of 2022. Transfer date unrealized losses are amortized and reclassified out of AOCI as a yield adjustment, which is offset by discount accretion of the transferred HTM securities. Amortization of transfer date unrealized losses and discount accretion are recognized over the remaining life of the securities.

The amortized cost basis, unrealized gains and losses and fair value of HTM debt securities as of the dates indicated are as follows (in thousands).

			Amortized Cost						Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized Losses						Fair Value
As of September 30, 2022
U.S. Treasuries			$	19,826					$	—					$	2,573					$	17,253
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs			99,620						—						18,275						81,345
State and political subdivisions			301,520						45						70,180						231,385
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			1,519,094						14						227,307						1,291,801
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			721,345						—						114,360						606,985
Supranational entities			15,000						—						2,609						12,391
Total			$	2,676,405					$	59					$	435,304					$	2,241,160
As of December 31, 2021
U.S. Treasuries			$	19,803					$	20					$	—					$	19,823
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs			70,180						—						1,121						69,059
State and political subdivisions			257,688						4,341						4,080						257,949
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			381,641						2,021						3,687						379,975
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			411,786						4,106						8,915						406,977
Supranational entities			$	15,000					$	21					$	—					$	15,021
Total			$	1,156,098					$	10,509					$	17,803					$	1,148,804

14

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The amortized cost basis, unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of AFS debt securities as of the dates indicated are presented below (in thousands).

			Amortized Cost						Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized Losses						Fair Value
As of September 30, 2022
U.S. Treasuries			$	194,301					$	—					$	15,828					$	178,473
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs			272,492						655						17,121						256,026
State and political subdivisions			348,099						—						32,597						315,502
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			1,658,924						6						161,282						1,497,648
Residential MBS, Non-agency			382,185						—						22,943						359,242
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			747,238						584						74,751						673,071
Commercial MBS, Non-agency			31,676						—						1,144						30,532
Corporate bonds			252,486						59						26,635						225,910
Asset-backed securities			333,665						10						7,193						326,482
Total			$	4,221,066					$	1,314					$	359,494					$	3,862,886
As of December 31, 2021
U.S. Treasuries			$	218,027					$	1,661					$	2,168					$	217,520
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs			189,855						605						3,428						187,032
State and political subdivisions			263,269						15,237						2,662						275,844
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			2,079,700						9,785						28,521						2,060,964
Residential MBS, Non-agency			81,925						2,249						4						84,170
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			870,563						2,974						16,156						857,381
Commercial MBS, Non-agency			15,202						1,268						—						16,470
Corporate bonds			194,164						814						1,812						193,166
Asset-backed securities			603,824						2,000						1,547						604,277
Total			$	4,516,529					$	36,593					$	56,298					$	4,496,824

 

Securities with a carrying value of $1.96 billion and $1.46 billion were pledged, primarily to secure public deposits, at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

 The following table summarizes HTM debt securities in an unrealized loss position as of the dates indicated (in thousands).

			Less than 12 Months												12 Months or More												Total
			Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss
As of September 30, 2022
U.S. Treasuries			$	17,253					$	2,573					$	—					$	—					$	17,253					$	2,573
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs			37,829						8,757						43,516						9,518						81,345						18,275
State and political subdivisions			127,575						32,375						96,164						37,805						223,739						70,180
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			650,062						105,555						640,314						121,752						1,290,376						227,307
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			297,445						43,092						309,539						71,268						606,984						114,360
Supranational entities			12,391						2,609						—						—						12,391						2,609
Total unrealized loss position			$	1,142,555					$	194,961					$	1,089,533					$	240,343					$	2,232,088					$	435,304
As of December 31, 2021
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs			$	64,658					$	888					$	4,401					$	233					$	69,059					$	1,121
State and political subdivisions			131,128						3,590						9,006						490						140,134						4,080
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			289,132						3,687						—						—						289,132						3,687
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			314,049						8,540						10,384						375						324,433						8,915
Total unrealized loss position			$	798,967					$	16,705					$	23,791					$	1,098					$	822,758					$	17,803

 

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following table summarizes AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position as of the dates indicated (in thousands).

			Less than 12 Months												12 Months or More												Total
			Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss
As of September 30, 2022
U.S. Treasuries			$	92,422					$	2,882					$	86,051					$	12,946					$	178,473					$	15,828
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs			117,567						4,819						60,251						12,302						177,818						17,121
State and political subdivisions			257,976						17,220						55,291						15,377						313,267						32,597
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			1,213,430						119,863						282,679						41,419						1,496,109						161,282
Residential MBS, Non-agency			359,242						22,943						—						—						359,242						22,943
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			367,162						19,548						278,170						55,203						645,332						74,751
Commercial MBS, Non-agency			30,532						1,144						—						—						30,532						1,144
Corporate bonds			170,581						18,944						52,727						7,691						223,308						26,635
Asset-backed securities			187,039						2,640						108,353						4,553						295,392						7,193
Total unrealized loss position			$	2,795,951					$	210,003					$	923,522					$	149,491					$	3,719,473					$	359,494
As of December 31, 2021
U.S. Treasuries			$	111,606					$	2,168					$	—					$	—					$	111,606					$	2,168
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs			132,893						2,591						20,093						837						152,986						3,428
State and political subdivisions			69,302						2,581						3,148						81						72,450						2,662
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			1,534,744						25,799						74,481						2,722						1,609,225						28,521
Residential MBS, Non-agency			12,608						4						—						—						12,608						4
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			582,235						13,098						66,014						3,058						648,249						16,156
Corporate bonds			149,246						1,811						16						1						149,262						1,812
Asset-backed securities			195,164						1,546						571						1						195,735						1,547
Total unrealized loss position			$	2,787,798					$	49,598					$	164,323					$	6,700					$	2,952,121					$	56,298

 

At September 30, 2022, there were 755 AFS debt securities and 326 HTM debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position. United does not intend to sell nor does it believe it will be required to sell securities in an unrealized loss position prior to the recovery of their amortized cost basis. Unrealized losses at September 30, 2022 were primarily attributable to changes in interest rates.

At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, estimated credit losses and, thus, the related ACL on HTM debt securities were de minimis due to the high credit quality of the portfolio, which included securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies, GSEs, high credit quality municipalities and supranational entities. As a result, no ACL was recorded on the HTM portfolio at September 30, 2022 or December 31, 2021. In addition, based on the assessments performed at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there was no ACL required related to the AFS portfolio.

The following table presents accrued interest receivable for the periods indicated on HTM and AFS debt securities (in thousands), which was excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

						Accrued Interest Receivable
						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
			HTM			$	6,135					$	3,596
			AFS			13,232						9,868

16

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The amortized cost and fair value of AFS and HTM debt securities at September 30, 2022, by contractual maturity, are presented in the following table (in thousands). Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers and borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. 

			AFS												HTM
			Amortized Cost						Fair Value						Amortized Cost						Fair Value
Within 1 year:
U.S. Treasuries			$	80,116					$	79,266					$	—					$	—
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs			174						172						—						—
State and political subdivisions			15,002						14,990						5,200						5,201
Corporate bonds			2,732						2,680						—						—
			98,024						97,108						5,200						5,201
1 to 5 years:
U.S. Treasuries			99,248						86,295						—						—
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs			38,672						34,652						—						—
State and political subdivisions			46,320						44,682						14,207						14,067
Corporate bonds			164,771						149,932						—						—
			349,011						315,561						14,207						14,067
5 to 10 years:
U.S. Treasuries			14,937						12,912						19,826						17,253
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs			77,779						69,039						53,505						45,109
State and political subdivisions			123,790						110,478						31,603						26,712
Corporate bonds			84,190						72,457						—						—
Supranational entities			—						—						15,000						12,391
			300,696						264,886						119,934						101,465
More than 10 years:
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs			155,867						152,163						46,115						36,236
State and political subdivisions			162,987						145,352						250,510						185,405
Corporate bonds			793						841						—						—
			319,647						298,356						296,625						221,641
Debt securities not due at a single maturity date:
Asset-backed securities			333,665						326,482						—						—
Residential MBS			2,041,109						1,856,890						1,519,094						1,291,801
Commercial MBS			778,914						703,603						721,345						606,985
Total			$	4,221,066					$	3,862,886					$	2,676,405					$	2,241,160

Realized gains and losses are derived using the specific identification method for determining the cost of securities sold. The following table summarizes AFS securities sales activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands).

									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
									2022						2021						2022						2021
						Proceeds from sales			$	—					$	24,901					$	281,521					$	103,012
						Gross realized gains			$	—					$	—					$	1,009					$	641
						Gross realized losses			—						—						(4,697)						(600)
						Securities gains (losses), net			$	—					$	—					$	(3,688)					$	41
						Income tax expense (benefit) attributable to sales			$	—					$	—					$	(979)					$	14

17

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 6 – Loans and Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses

 

Major classifications of the loan and lease portfolio (collectively referred to as the “loan portfolio” or “loans”) are summarized as of the dates indicated as follows (in thousands).

						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
			Owner occupied commercial real estate			$	2,700,345					$	2,321,685
			Income producing commercial real estate			3,298,847						2,600,858
			Commercial & industrial (1)			2,237,591						1,910,162
			Commercial construction			1,514,145						1,014,830
			Equipment financing			1,280,856						1,083,021
			Total commercial			11,031,784						8,930,556
			Residential mortgage			2,149,490						1,637,885
			HELOC			832,140						694,034
			Residential construction			422,737						359,815
			Manufactured housing			300,874						—
			Consumer			145,459						138,056
			Total loans			14,882,484						11,760,346
			Less allowance for credit losses - loans			(148,502)						(102,532)
			Loans, net			$	14,733,982					$	11,657,814

(1) Commercial and industrial loans as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 included $2.44 million and $88.3 million of PPP loans, respectively.

Accrued interest receivable related to loans totaled $43.1 million and $28.5 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and was reported in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Accrued interest receivable was excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the loan portfolio was subject to blanket pledges on certain qualifying loan types with the FHLB and FRB to secure contingent funding sources.

The following table presents the amortized cost of loans held for investment that were sold in the periods indicated (in thousands). The gains on these loan sales were included in noninterest income on the consolidated statements of income.

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2022						2021						2022						2021
			Guaranteed portion of SBA/USDA loans			$	20,405					$	13,484					$	87,867					$	57,132
			Equipment financing receivables			21,557						19,273						65,534						39,240
			Total			$	41,962					$	32,757					$	153,401					$	96,372

  

At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, equipment financing receivables included leases of $44.0 million and $37.7 million, respectively. The components of the net investment in leases, which included both sales-type and direct financing, are presented below (in thousands).

						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
			Minimum future lease payments receivable			$	47,177					$	39,962
			Estimated residual value of leased equipment			3,046						3,216
			Initial direct costs			744						669
			Security deposits			(472)						(687)
			Unearned income			(6,482)						(5,432)
			Net investment in leases			$	44,013					$	37,728

18

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Minimum future lease payments expected to be received from equipment financing lease contracts as of September 30, 2022 were as follows (in thousands): 

			Year
			Remainder of 2022			$	4,521
			2023			16,041
			2024			11,714
			2025			8,237
			2026			4,891
			Thereafter			1,773
			Total			$	47,177

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans HFI

The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis in loans by aging category and accrual status as of the dates indicated (in thousands). Past due status is based on contractual terms of the loan. The accrual of interest is generally discontinued when a loan becomes 90 days past due.

						Accruing
						Current Loans						Loans Past Due
												30 - 59 Days						60 - 89 Days						> 90 Days																		Nonaccrual Loans						Total Loans
As of September 30, 2022
Owner occupied commercial real estate						$	2,696,495					$	2,597					$	376					$	—																	$	877					$	2,700,345
Income producing commercial real estate						3,292,966						3,170						48						—																		2,663						3,298,847
Commercial & industrial						2,224,863						1,383						213						24																		11,108						2,237,591
Commercial construction						1,513,544						451						—						—																		150						1,514,145
Equipment financing						1,274,342						1,918						1,398						—																		3,198						1,280,856
Total commercial						11,002,210						9,519						2,035						24																		17,996						11,031,784
Residential mortgage						2,136,977						1,703						386						—																		10,424						2,149,490
HELOC						829,400						1,393						196						—																		1,151						832,140
Residential construction						422,274						92						267						—																		104						422,737
Manufactured housing						292,394						3,589						704						—																		4,187						300,874
Consumer						145,166						223						49						4																		17						145,459
Total loans						$	14,828,421					$	16,519					$	3,637					$	28																	$	33,879					$	14,882,484
As of December 31, 2021
Owner occupied commercial real estate						$	2,318,944					$	27					$	—					$	—																	$	2,714					$	2,321,685
Income producing commercial real estate						2,593,124						146						—						—																		7,588						2,600,858
Commercial & industrial						1,903,730						584						419						—																		5,429						1,910,162
Commercial construction						1,014,211						—						276						—																		343						1,014,830
Equipment financing						1,079,180						1,415						685						—																		1,741						1,083,021
Total commercial						8,909,189						2,172						1,380						—																		17,815						8,930,556
Residential mortgage						1,622,754						1,583						235						—																		13,313						1,637,885
HELOC						691,814						920						88						—																		1,212						694,034
Residential construction						358,741						654						—						—																		420						359,815
Consumer						137,564						421						19						—																		52						138,056
Total loans						$	11,720,062					$	5,750					$	1,722					$	—																	$	32,812					$	11,760,346

19

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following table presents nonaccrual loans held for investment by loan class for the periods indicated (in thousands). 

									Nonaccrual Loans
									September 30, 2022																		December 31, 2021
									With no allowance						With an allowance						Total						With no allowance						With an allowance						Total
			Owner occupied commercial real estate						$	537					$	340					$	877					$	2,141					$	573					$	2,714
			Income producing commercial real estate						2,263						400						2,663						6,873						715						7,588
			Commercial & industrial						10,061						1,047						11,108						3,715						1,714						5,429
			Commercial construction						47						103						150						—						343						343
			Equipment financing						449						2,749						3,198						—						1,741						1,741
			Total commercial						13,357						4,639						17,996						12,729						5,086						17,815
			Residential mortgage						2,239						8,185						10,424						3,126						10,187						13,313
			HELOC						300						851						1,151						219						993						1,212
			Residential construction						67						37						104						280						140						420
			Manufactured housing						—						4,187						4,187						—						—						—
			Consumer						1						16						17						6						46						52
			Total						$	15,964					$	17,915					$	33,879					$	16,360					$	16,452					$	32,812

Risk Ratings 

United categorizes commercial loans, with the exception of equipment financing receivables, into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, public information, and current industry and economic trends, among other factors. United analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis is performed on a continual basis. United uses the following definitions for its risk ratings:

Pass. Loans in this category are considered to have a low probability of default and do not meet the criteria of the risk categories below.

Special Mention. Loans in this category are presently protected from apparent loss; however, weaknesses exist that could cause future impairment, including the deterioration of financial ratios, past due status and questionable management capabilities. These loans require more than the ordinary amount of supervision. Collateral values generally afford adequate coverage, but may not be immediately marketable.

Substandard. These loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged. Specific and well-defined weaknesses exist that may include poor liquidity and deterioration of financial ratios. The loan may be past due and related deposit accounts experiencing overdrafts. There is the distinct possibility that United will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. If possible, immediate corrective action is taken.

Doubtful. Specific weaknesses characterized as Substandard that are severe enough to make collection in full highly questionable and improbable. There is no reliable secondary source of full repayment.

 

Loss. Loans categorized as Loss have the same characteristics as Doubtful; however, probability of loss is certain. Loans classified as Loss are charged off.

 

Equipment Financing Receivables and Consumer Purpose Loans. United applies a pass / fail grading system to all equipment financing receivables and consumer purpose loans. Under this system, loans that are on nonaccrual status, become past due 90 days, or are in bankruptcy and 30 or more days past due are classified as “fail” and all other loans are classified as “pass”. For reporting purposes, loans in these categories that are classified as “fail” are reported as substandard and all other loans are reported as pass.

20

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following tables present the risk category of term loans by vintage year, which is the year of origination or most recent renewal, as of the date indicated (in thousands).

						Term Loans																																				Revolvers						Revolvers converted to term loans						Total
As of September 30, 2022						2022						2021						2020						2019						2018						Prior
Pass
Owner occupied commercial real estate						$	537,628					$	690,355					$	630,238					$	217,689					$	132,341					$	297,665					$	107,380					$	5,948					$	2,619,244
Income producing commercial real estate						659,896						810,374						770,008						301,271						178,480						302,937						43,144						9,127						3,075,237
Commercial & industrial						391,665						442,865						199,960						142,415						126,773						80,396						691,597						18,923						2,094,594
Commercial construction						497,066						478,007						284,335						113,523						13,002						21,633						72,161						1,343						1,481,070
Equipment financing						535,508						411,108						187,297						108,817						31,409						2,596						—						—						1,276,735
Total commercial						2,621,763						2,832,709						2,071,838						883,715						482,005						705,227						914,282						35,341						10,546,880
Residential mortgage						640,179						762,959						339,633						94,368						58,005						237,641						8						3,120						2,135,913
HELOC						—						—						—						—						—						—						807,985						22,482						830,467
Residential construction						259,062						144,816						6,233						1,895						1,637						8,474						65						375						422,557
Manufactured housing						58,475						56,252						50,323						35,847						32,026						62,615						—						—						295,538
Consumer						58,222						34,549						18,008						5,420						2,314						856						25,869						129						145,367
						3,637,701						3,831,285						2,486,035						1,021,245						575,987						1,014,813						1,748,209						61,447						14,376,722
Special Mention
Owner occupied commercial real estate						6,540						7,663						5,262						9,585						4,217						5,164						3,065						2,964						44,460
Income producing commercial real estate						46,138						10,285						45,578						20,106						21,798						13,318						1						—						157,224
Commercial & industrial						16,279						32,282						5,751						847						1,337						250						34,169						297						91,212
Commercial construction						530						35						62						13,319						4,917						29						—						—						18,892
Equipment financing						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Total commercial						69,487						50,265						56,653						43,857						32,269						18,761						37,235						3,261						311,788
Residential mortgage						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
HELOC						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Residential construction						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Manufactured housing						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Consumer						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
						69,487						50,265						56,653						43,857						32,269						18,761						37,235						3,261						311,788
Substandard
Owner occupied commercial real estate						6,801						529						4,016						8,654						1,210						14,184						210						1,037						36,641
Income producing commercial real estate						34,352						1,779						1,368						4,621						13,292						10,519						391						64						66,386
Commercial & industrial						5,194						9,958						2,247						5,696						10,935						1,273						16,035						447						51,785
Commercial construction						148						42						47						3						3,925						9,772						—						246						14,183
Equipment financing						646						1,044						1,141						696						576						18						—						—						4,121
Total commercial						47,141						13,352						8,819						19,670						29,938						35,766						16,636						1,794						173,116
Residential mortgage						1,401						1,167						1,361						1,861						2,483						5,145						—						159						13,577
HELOC						—						—						—						—						—						—						24						1,649						1,673
Residential construction						2						—						—						21						4						153						—						—						180
Manufactured housing						424						672						739						690						953						1,858						—						—						5,336
Consumer						—						35						15						2						32						8						—						—						92
						48,968						15,226						10,934						22,244						33,410						42,930						16,660						3,602						193,974
Total						$	3,756,156					$	3,896,776					$	2,553,622					$	1,087,346					$	641,666					$	1,076,504					$	1,802,104					$	68,310					$	14,882,484

21

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

						Term Loans																																				Revolvers						Revolvers converted to term loans						Total
As of December 31, 2021						2021						2020						2019						2018						2017						Prior
Pass
Owner occupied commercial real estate						$	643,151					$	674,124					$	278,702					$	153,233					$	139,584					$	267,460					$	68,354					$	17,150					$	2,241,758
Income producing commercial real estate						668,322						678,487						333,911						221,218						165,563						219,459						41,157						11,830						2,339,947
Commercial & industrial						638,567						270,150						178,944						136,281						50,567						72,904						514,750						4,361						1,866,524
Commercial construction						378,695						303,154						149,740						40,625						22,983						13,206						12,628						1,673						922,704
Equipment financing						563,618						271,913						167,904						63,254						13,145						903						—						—						1,080,737
Total commercial						2,892,353						2,197,828						1,109,201						614,611						391,842						573,932						636,889						35,014						8,451,670
Residential mortgage						781,007						370,092						108,091						64,346						71,552						221,131						9						3,915						1,620,143
HELOC						—						—						—						—						—						—						676,545						14,994						691,539
Residential construction						325,111						16,301						2,802						2,278						3,144						9,352						—						33						359,021
Consumer						57,530						29,218						10,757						5,137						1,439						1,355						32,312						111						137,859
						4,056,001						2,613,439						1,230,851						686,372						467,977						805,770						1,345,755						54,067						11,260,232
Special Mention
Owner occupied commercial real estate						7,772						2,979						16,639						4,374						6,007						2,641						248						286						40,946
Income producing commercial real estate						64,139						27,875						21,875						22,292						18,415						21,880						—						—						176,476
Commercial & industrial						1,037						1,831						2,740						597						273						303						2,242						—						9,023
Commercial construction						14,283						16,237						13,149						22,479						11,766						52						—						—						77,966
Equipment financing						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Total commercial						87,231						48,922						54,403						49,742						36,461						24,876						2,490						286						304,411
Residential mortgage						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
HELOC						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Residential construction						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Consumer						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
						87,231						48,922						54,403						49,742						36,461						24,876						2,490						286						304,411
Substandard
Owner occupied commercial real estate						11,987						1,049						4,216						3,712						5,829						11,088						—						1,100						38,981
Income producing commercial real estate						15,485						12,618						3,779						29,212						6,726						16,531						—						84						84,435
Commercial & industrial						2,741						1,615						5,284						12,685						1,232						5,863						4,326						869						34,615
Commercial construction						3,464						157						272						11						9,750						255						—						251						14,160
Equipment financing						428						590						676						503						84						3						—						—						2,284
Total commercial						34,105						16,029						14,227						46,123						23,621						33,740						4,326						2,304						174,475
Residential mortgage						3,339						1,585						2,813						3,229						1,205						4,744						—						827						17,742
HELOC						—						—						—						—						—						—						329						2,166						2,495
Residential construction						407						—						30						51						—						306						—						—						794
Consumer						37						16						22						26						22						50						3						21						197
						37,888						17,630						17,092						49,429						24,848						38,840						4,658						5,318						195,703
Total						$	4,181,120					$	2,679,991					$	1,302,346					$	785,543					$	529,286					$	869,486					$	1,352,903					$	59,671					$	11,760,346

22

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Troubled Debt Restructurings

As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, United had TDRs totaling $42.9 million and $52.4 million, respectively. Loans modified under the terms of a TDR during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 are presented in the following table. In addition, the table presents loans modified under the terms of a TDR that defaulted (became 90 days or more delinquent or otherwise in default of modified terms) during the periods presented and were initially restructured within one year prior to default (dollars in thousands).

						New TDRs																														TDRs Modified Within the Previous Twelve Months That Have Subsequently Defaulted
												Post-Modification Amortized Cost by Type of Modification
						Number of  Contracts						Rate   Reduction						Structure						Other						Total						Number of   Contracts						Amortized Cost
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Owner occupied commercial real estate						—						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					—						$	—
Income producing commercial real estate						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Commercial & industrial						1						—						715						—						715						—						—
Commercial construction						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Equipment financing						11						—						2,103						—						2,103						1						30
Total commercial						12						—						2,818						—						2,818						1						30
Residential mortgage						4						—						304						—						304						2						400
HELOC						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Residential construction						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Manufactured housing						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Consumer						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Total loans						16						$	—					$	3,122					$	—					$	3,122					3						$	430
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Owner occupied commercial real estate						1						$	—					$	112					$	—					$	112					—						$	—
Income producing commercial real estate						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Commercial & industrial						2						—						1,118						—						1,118						—						—
Commercial construction						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Equipment financing						38						—						6,952						—						6,952						10						438
Total commercial						41						—						8,182						—						8,182						10						438
Residential mortgage						8						—						877						—						877						3						456
HELOC						7						—						1,242						6						1,248						—						—
Residential construction						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Manufactured housing						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Consumer						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Total loans						56						$	—					$	10,301					$	6					$	10,307					13						$	894
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Owner occupied commercial real estate						—						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					—						$	—
Income producing commercial real estate						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Commercial & industrial						3						—						166						—						166						—						—
Commercial construction						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Equipment financing						11						—						399						—						399						3						96
Total commercial						14						—						565						—						565						3						96
Residential mortgage						6						—						649						—						649						1						180
HELOC						—						—						—						—						—						1						43
Residential construction						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Consumer						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Total loans						20						$	—					$	1,214					$	—					$	1,214					5						$	319
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Owner occupied commercial real estate						1						$	—					$	543					$	—					$	543					—						$	—
Income producing commercial real estate						3						—						—						1,697						1,697						—						—
Commercial & industrial						7						—						531						103						634						1						11
Commercial construction						1						—						309						—						309						—						—
Equipment financing						47						—						2,861						—						2,861						11						296
Total commercial						59						—						4,244						1,800						6,044						12						307
Residential mortgage						12						—						1,040						—						1,040						4						593
HELOC						—						—						—						—						—						2						92
Residential construction						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Consumer						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Total loans						71						$	—					$	5,284					$	1,800					$	7,084					18						$	992

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Allowance for Credit Losses

The ACL for loans represents management’s estimate of life of loan credit losses in the portfolio as of the end of the period. The ACL related to unfunded commitments is included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet.

At both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, United used a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast period. Expected credit losses were estimated using a regression model for each segment based on historical data from peer banks combined with a third party vendor’s baseline economic forecast to predict the change in credit losses. These estimates were then combined with a starting value that was based on United’s recent default experience, with the results subject to a floor. At September 30, 2022, United applied qualitative adjustments to the model output for the income producing commercial real estate, commercial construction, HELOCs, residential mortgage and residential construction portfolios. With regard to income producing commercial real estate, the qualitative adjustments reflected continued credit concerns related to the senior care portfolio, elevated criticized loans relative to the pre-pandemic period and inflationary concerns related to the impact of rising rates on commercial real estate values. Qualitative adjustments for the other categories lowered the amount of required allowance due to management’s expectation with respect to the timing of deteriorating economic conditions in the forecast.

For periods beyond the reasonable and supportable forecast period of one year, United reverted to historical credit loss information on a straight line basis over two years. For all collateral types excluding residential mortgage and manufactured housing, United reverted to through-the-cycle average default rates using peer data from 2000 to 2017. For loans secured by residential mortgages and manufactured housing, the peer data was adjusted to account for the changes in lending practices designed to prevent the magnitude of losses observed during the mortgage crisis.

PPP loans were considered low risk assets due to the related 100% guarantee by the SBA and were therefore excluded from the calculation.

24

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following table presents the balance and activity in the ACL by portfolio segment for the periods indicated (in thousands).

						Three Months Ended September 30,
						2022																														2021
						Beginning Balance												Charge-Offs						Recoveries						(Release) Provision						Ending Balance						Beginning Balance												Charge-Offs						Recoveries						(Release) Provision						Ending Balance
Owner occupied commercial real estate						$	16,774											$	—					$	90					$	2,192					$	19,056					$	17,292											$	(443)					$	536					$	(3,241)					$	14,144
Income producing commercial real estate						33,284												(202)						26						(1,498)						31,610						30,967												(120)						75						(7,531)						23,391
Commercial & industrial						18,267												(373)						1,117						1,907						20,918						16,414												(320)						411						(262)						16,243
Commercial construction						16,062												—						(10)						1,902						17,954						9,180												—						123						(1,131)						8,172
Equipment financing						18,409												(1,987)						866						3,277						20,565						18,100												(1,165)						653						(288)						17,300
Residential mortgage						17,035												—						66						2,234						19,335						10,965												(127)						76						559						11,473
HELOC						7,487												(27)						129						884						8,473						6,357												(65)						167						(40)						6,419
Residential construction						2,086												—						109						109						2,304						1,918												—						37						(19)						1,936
Manufactured housing						6,614												(225)						5						958						7,352						—												—						—						—						—
Consumer						907												(1,010)						292						746						935						423												(611)						222						508						542
ACL - loans						136,925												(3,824)						2,690						12,711						148,502						111,616												(2,851)						2,300						(11,445)						99,620
ACL - unfunded commitments						16,117												—						—						2,681						18,798						10,844												—						—						411						11,255
Total ACL						$	153,042											$	(3,824)					$	2,690					$	15,392					$	167,300					$	122,460											$	(2,851)					$	2,300					$	(11,034)					$	110,875

						Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2022																																				2021
						Beginning Balance						Initial ACL - PCD loans (1)						Charge-Offs						Recoveries						(Release) Provision						Ending Balance						Beginning Balance												Charge- Offs						Recoveries						(Release) Provision						Ending Balance
Owner occupied commercial real estate						$	14,282					$	266					$	—					$	1,631					$	2,877					$	19,056					$	20,673											$	(1,503)					$	932					$	(5,958)					$	14,144
Income producing commercial real estate						24,156						4,366						(202)						432						2,858						31,610						41,737												(174)						304						(18,476)						23,391
Commercial & industrial						16,592						2,337						(4,978)						3,095						3,872						20,918						22,019												(4,017)						6,855						(8,614)						16,243
Commercial construction						9,956						2,857						(41)						548						4,634						17,954						10,952												(224)						618						(3,174)						8,172
Equipment financing						16,290						—						(4,644)						2,349						6,570						20,565						16,820												(4,411)						2,087						2,804						17,300
Residential mortgage						12,390						385						(53)						267						6,346						19,335						15,341												(342)						393						(3,919)						11,473
HELOC						6,568						60						(36)						565						1,316						8,473						8,417												(99)						386						(2,285)						6,419
Residential construction						1,847						1						—						208						248						2,304						764												(10)						140						1,042						1,936
Manufactured housing						—						2,438						(533)						14						5,433						7,352						—												—						—						—						—
Consumer						451						27						(2,544)						879						2,122						935						287												(1,435)						710						980						542
ACL - loans						102,532						12,737						(13,031)						9,988						36,276						148,502						137,010												(12,215)						12,425						(37,600)						99,620
ACL - unfunded commitments						10,992						—						—						—						7,806						18,798						10,558												—						—						697						11,255
Total ACL						$	113,524					$	12,737					$	(13,031)					$	9,988					$	44,082					$	167,300					$	147,568											$	(12,215)					$	12,425					$	(36,903)					$	110,875

(1) Represents the initial ACL related to PCD loans acquired in the Reliant transaction.

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 7 – Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The table below presents the fair value of derivative financial instruments, which are included in other assets and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet, as of the dates indicated (in thousands):

			September 30, 2022																		December 31, 2021
			Notional Amount						Fair Value												Notional Amount						Fair Value
									Derivative Asset						Derivative Liability												Derivative Asset						Derivative Liability
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Cash flow hedge of subordinated debt			$	100,000					$	16,311					$	—					$	100,000					$	6,389					$	—
Cash flow hedge of trust preferred securities			20,000						—						—						20,000						—						—
Fair value hedge of brokered time deposits			—						—						—						10,000						—						—
Total			120,000						16,311						—						130,000						6,389						—
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Customer derivative positions			1,090,067						16						92,444						1,206,145						28,656						10,663
Dealer offsets to customer derivative positions			1,090,067						24,005						—						1,230,885						974						9,232
Risk participations			79,827						4						1						69,385						16						7
Mortgage banking - loan commitment			33,265						290						155						110,897						3,450						—
Mortgage banking - forward sales commitment			88,000						1,994						30						201,419						67						202
Bifurcated embedded derivatives			51,935						11,724						—						51,935						2,928						—
Dealer offsets to bifurcated embedded derivatives			51,935						—						13,505						51,935						—						5,041
Total			2,485,096						38,033						106,135						2,922,601						36,091						25,145
Total derivatives			$	2,605,096					$	54,344					$	106,135					$	3,052,601					$	42,480					$	25,145
Total gross derivative instruments									$	54,344					$	106,135											$	42,480					$	25,145
Less: Amounts subject to master netting agreements									(230)						(230)												(694)						(694)
Less: Cash collateral received/pledged									(39,811)						(13,155)												(6,620)						(14,148)
Net amount									$	14,303					$	92,750											$	35,166					$	10,303

United clears certain derivatives centrally through the CME. CME rules legally characterize variation margin payments for centrally cleared derivatives as settlements of the derivatives’ exposure rather than as collateral. As a result, the variation margin payment and the related derivative instruments are considered a single unit of account for accounting purposes. Variation margin, as determined by the CME, is settled daily. As a result, derivative contracts that clear through the CME have an estimated fair value of zero.

Hedging Derivatives

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk 

United enters into cash flow hedges to mitigate exposure to the variability of future cash flows or other forecasted transactions. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, United utilized interest rate caps and swaps to hedge the variability of cash flows due to changes in interest rates on certain of its variable-rate subordinated debt and trust preferred securities. United considers these derivatives to be highly effective at achieving offsetting changes in cash flows attributable to changes in interest rates. Therefore, changes in the fair value of these derivative instruments are recognized in OCI. Gains and losses related to changes in fair value are reclassified into earnings in the periods the hedged forecasted transactions occur. Losses representing amortization of the premium recorded on cash flow hedges, which is a component excluded from the assessment of effectiveness, are recognized in earnings on a straight-line basis in the same caption as the hedged item over the term of the hedge. Over the next twelve months, United expects to reclassify $2.34 million of gains from AOCI into earnings related to these agreements.

Fair Value Hedges of Interest Rate Risk 

United is exposed to changes in the fair value of certain of its fixed-rate obligations due to changes in interest rates. United uses interest rate derivatives to manage its exposure to changes in fair value on these instruments attributable to changes in interest rates. For derivatives designated and that qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings. United includes the gain or loss on the hedged items in the same income statement line item as the offsetting loss or gain on the related derivatives.

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

At December 31, 2021, United had an interest rate swap that was designated as a fair value hedge of fixed-rate brokered time deposits. During the first quarter of 2022, the hedged brokered deposit and the associated swap matured. The swap involved the receipt of fixed-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for United making variable rate payments over the life of the agreements.

The table below presents the effect of derivatives in hedging relationships, all of which are interest rate contracts, on the consolidated statement of income for the periods indicated (in thousands). 

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2022						2021						2022						2021
Total interest expense presented in the consolidated statements of income						$	(14,113)					$	(6,636)					$	(29,855)					$	(23,547)
Effect of hedging relationships on interest expense:
Net income recognized on fair value hedges						—						43						28						167
Net expense recognized on cash flow hedges (1)						(48)						(153)						(295)						(444)

 (1) Includes premium amortization expense excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness of $119,000 for both the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, and $353,000 for both the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments 

Customer derivative positions include swaps, caps, and collars between United and certain commercial loan customers with offsetting positions to dealers under a back-to-back program. In addition, United occasionally enters into credit risk participation agreements with counterparty banks to accept or transfer a portion of the credit risk related to interest rate swaps. The agreements, which are typically executed in conjunction with a participation in a loan with the same customer, allow customers to execute an interest rate swap with one bank while allowing for the distribution of the credit risk among participating members.

United also has three interest rate swap contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments but are economic hedges of market-linked brokered certificates of deposit. The market-linked brokered certificates of deposit contain embedded derivatives that are bifurcated from the host instruments and are marked to market through earnings. The fair value marks on the market-linked swaps and the bifurcated embedded derivatives tend to move in opposite directions with changes in 90-day LIBOR and therefore provide an economic hedge.

  

In addition, United originates certain residential mortgage loans with the intention of selling these loans. Between the time United enters into an interest-rate lock commitment to originate a residential mortgage loan that is to be held for sale and the time the loan is funded and eventually sold, United is subject to the risk of variability in market prices. United enters into forward sale agreements to mitigate risk and to protect the expected gain on the eventual loan sale. The commitments to originate residential mortgage loans and forward loan sales commitments are freestanding derivative instruments. Fair value adjustments on these derivative instruments are recorded within mortgage loan gains and other related fee income in the consolidated statements of income. 

The table below presents the gains and losses recognized in income on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments for the periods indicated (in thousands). 

						Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives						Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives
												Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
												2022						2021						2022						2021
Customer derivatives and dealer offsets						Other noninterest income						$	471					$	599					$	1,685					$	2,551
Bifurcated embedded derivatives and dealer offsets						Other noninterest income						(108)						—						90						417
Mortgage banking derivatives						Mortgage loan revenue						1,047						(1,407)						8,297						(1,065)
Risk participations						Other noninterest income						(1)						—						93						—
												$	1,409					$	(808)					$	10,165					$	1,903

 

Credit-Risk-Related Contingent Features 

United manages its credit exposure on derivatives transactions by entering into a bilateral credit support agreement with each non-customer counterparty. The credit support agreements require collateralization of exposures beyond specified minimum threshold amounts. The details of these agreements, including the minimum thresholds, vary by counterparty.

 

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

United’s agreements with each of its derivative counterparties provide that if either party defaults on any of its indebtedness, then it could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. The agreements with derivative counterparties also include provisions that if not met, could result in United being declared in default. United has agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties that provide that if United fails to maintain its status as a well-capitalized institution or is subject to a prompt corrective action directive, the counterparty could terminate the derivative positions and United would be required to settle its obligations under the agreements. Derivatives that are centrally cleared do not have credit-risk-related features that would require additional collateral if United’s credit rating were downgraded.

 

Note 8 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

 

The carrying amount of goodwill and other intangible assets as of the dates indicated is summarized below (in thousands).  

						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
			Core deposit intangible			$	46,900					$	38,192
			Less: accumulated amortization			(24,690)						(25,870)
			Net core deposit intangible			22,210						12,322
			Customer relationship intangible			8,400						8,400
			Less: accumulated amortization			(916)						(322)
			Net customer relationship intangible			7,484						8,078
			Total intangibles subject to amortization, net (1)			29,694						20,400
			Goodwill			751,174						452,007
			Total goodwill and other intangible assets, net			$	780,868					$	472,407

(1) As intangible assets become fully amortized, they are excluded from balances presented.

During the first quarter of 2022, as a result of the Reliant acquisition, United recorded a core deposit intangible of $14.5 million. See Note 4 for further detail.

The following is a summary of changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill (in thousands): 

									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
									2022						2021						2022						2021
			Balance, beginning of period (1)						$	751,174					$	367,809					$	452,007					$	367,809
			Acquisitions						—						14,163						299,167						14,163
			Balance, end of period (1)						$	751,174					$	381,972					$	751,174					$	381,972

(1) Goodwill balances are shown net of accumulated impairment losses of $306 million incurred prior to 2021.

The estimated aggregate amortization expense for future periods for finite lived intangibles is as follows (in thousands):

			Remainder of 2022			$	1,620
			2023			5,903
			2024			5,018
			2025			4,051
			2026			3,303
			Thereafter			9,799
			Total			$	29,694

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 9 - Long-term Debt

Long-term debt consisted of the following (in thousands):

			September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021						Issue Date						Stated Maturity Date						Earliest Call Date						Interest Rate
2027 senior debentures			35,000						35,000						2015						2027						2025						5.500% through August 2025, 3-month LIBOR plus 3.71% thereafter
2030 senior debentures			100,000						100,000						2020						2030						2025						5.00% through June 2025, 3-month SOFR plus 4.87% thereafter
Total senior debentures			135,000						135,000
2028 subordinated debentures			100,000						100,000						2018						2028						2023						4.500% through January 2023, 3-month LIBOR plus 2.12% thereafter
2029 subordinated debentures			60,000						—						2019						2029						2024						5.125% until December 2024, 3-month SOFR plus 3.765% thereafter
Total subordinated debentures			160,000						100,000
Tidelands Statutory Trust I			8,248						8,248						2006						2036						*						3-month LIBOR plus 1.38%
Four Oaks Statutory Trust I			12,372						12,372						2006						2036						*						3-month LIBOR plus 1.35%
Community First Capital Trust I			3,093						—						2002						2032						*						Prime plus 0.50%
Community First Capital Trust II			5,155						—						2005						2035						*						3-month LIBOR plus 1.50%
Community First Capital Trust III			5,464						—						2007						2037						*						3-month LIBOR plus 3.00%
Total trust preferred securities			34,332						20,620
Less net discount			(4,817)						(8,260)
Total long-term debt			$	324,515					$	247,360

 * Indicates currently redeemable.

Interest is currently paid at least semiannually for all senior and subordinated debentures and trust preferred securities. All debt instruments reported above are obligations of the Holding Company.

During the first quarter of 2022, United assumed subordinated debentures and trust preferred securities with an acquisition date fair value of $76.7 million as part of the Reliant acquisition. See Note 4 for further detail.

Note 10 – Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

Fair value measurements are determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, United uses a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs that are classified within Levels 1 and 2 of the hierarchy) and the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions (unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy). United has processes in place to review the significant valuation inputs and to reassess how the instruments are classified in the valuation framework.

Fair Value Hierarchy

Level 1 Valuation is based upon quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that United has the ability to access.

Level 2 Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, as well as inputs that are observable for the asset or liability (other than quoted prices), such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.

Level 3 Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use at least one significant assumption based on unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, which are typically based on an entity’s own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity.

In instances when the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value.

Investment Securities

AFS debt securities and equity securities with readily determinable fair values are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the security’s credit rating, prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit loss assumptions. Level 1 securities include those traded on an active exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, U.S. Treasury securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets and money market funds. Level 2 securities include MBS issued by GSEs, municipal bonds, corporate debt securities, asset-backed securities and supranational entity securities and are valued based on observable inputs that include: quoted market prices for similar assets, quoted market prices that are not in an active market, or other inputs that are observable in the market and can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the securities. Securities classified as Level 3 include those traded in less liquid markets and are valued based on estimates obtained from broker-dealers that are not directly observable or models which incorporate unobservable inputs.

 

Deferred Compensation Plan Assets and Liabilities

Included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet are assets related to employee deferred compensation plans. The assets associated with these plans are invested in mutual funds and classified as Level 1. Deferred compensation liabilities, also classified as Level 1, are carried at the fair value of the obligation to the employee, which mirrors the fair value of the invested assets and is included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet.

 

Mortgage Loans Held for Sale

United has elected the fair value option for most of its newly originated mortgage loans held for sale in order to reduce certain timing differences and better match changes in fair values of the loans with changes in the value of derivative instruments used to economically hedge them. The fair value of mortgage loans held for sale is determined using quoted prices for a similar asset, adjusted for specific attributes of that loan, and are classified as Level 2. In connection with the Reliant acquisition, United acquired certain mortgage loans held for sale for which the fair value option was not elected; these loans are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value.

 

Derivative Financial Instruments

United uses derivatives to manage interest rate risk. The valuation of these instruments is typically determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities. The fair values of interest rate swaps are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash receipts and the discounted expected variable cash payments. The variable cash payments are based on an expectation of future interest rates (forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves. United also uses best effort and mandatory delivery forward loan sale commitments to hedge risk in its mortgage lending business.

 

United incorporates CVAs as necessary to appropriately reflect the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of its derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, United has considered the effect of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds and guarantees.

 

Management has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. However, the CVAs associated with these derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads, to evaluate the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties. Generally, management’s assessment of the significance of the CVAs has indicated that they are not a significant input to the overall valuation of the derivatives. In cases where management’s assessment indicates that the CVA is a significant input, the related derivative is disclosed as a Level 3 value.

Other derivatives classified as Level 3 include structured derivatives for which broker quotes, used as a key valuation input, were not observable. Risk participation agreements are classified as Level 3 instruments due to the incorporation of significant Level 3 inputs used to evaluate the probability of funding and the likelihood of customer default. Interest rate lock commitments, which relate to mortgage loan commitments, are categorized as Level 3 instruments as the fair value of these instruments is based on unobservable inputs for commitments that United does not expect to fund.

 

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Servicing Rights for Residential and SBA/USDA Loans

United recognizes servicing rights upon the sale of residential and SBA/USDA loans sold with servicing retained. Management has elected to carry these assets at fair value. Given the nature of these assets, the key valuation inputs are unobservable and management classifies these assets as Level 3.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The table below presents United’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall (in thousands).

September 30, 2022						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Total
Assets:
AFS debt securities:
U.S. Treasuries						$	178,473					$	—					$	—					$	178,473
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs						—						256,026						—						256,026
State and political subdivisions						—						315,502						—						315,502
Residential MBS						—						1,856,890						—						1,856,890
Commercial MBS						—						703,603						—						703,603
Corporate bonds						—						223,684						2,226						225,910
Asset-backed securities						—						326,482						—						326,482
Equity securities with readily available fair values						12,934						1,068						—						14,002
Mortgage loans held for sale						—						19,888						—						19,888
Deferred compensation plan assets						10,904						—						—						10,904
Servicing rights for SBA/USDA loans						—						—						6,078						6,078
Residential mortgage servicing rights						—						—						37,154						37,154
Derivative financial instruments						—						42,326						12,018						54,344
Total assets						$	202,311					$	3,745,469					$	57,476					$	4,005,256
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation plan liability						$	10,929					$	—					$	—					$	10,929
Derivative financial instruments						—						92,474						13,661						106,135
Total liabilities						$	10,929					$	92,474					$	13,661					$	117,064

December 31, 2021						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Total
Assets:
AFS debt securities:
U.S. Treasuries						$	217,520					$	—					$	—					$	217,520
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs						—						187,032						—						187,032
State and political subdivisions						—						275,844						—						275,844
Residential MBS						—						2,145,134						—						2,145,134
Commercial MBS						—						873,851						—						873,851
Corporate bonds						—						190,771						2,395						193,166
Asset-backed securities						—						604,277						—						604,277
Equity securities with readily available fair values						—						1,302						—						1,302
Mortgage loans held for sale						—						44,109						—						44,109
Deferred compensation plan assets						11,769						—						—						11,769
Servicing rights for SBA/USDA loans						—						—						6,513						6,513
Residential mortgage servicing rights						—						—						25,161						25,161
Derivative financial instruments						—						35,722						6,758						42,480
Total assets						$	229,289					$	4,358,042					$	40,827					$	4,628,158
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation plan liability						$	11,795					$	—					$	—					$	11,795
Derivative financial instruments						—						20,097						5,048						25,145
Total liabilities						$	11,795					$	20,097					$	5,048					$	36,940

 

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following table shows a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the periods indicated for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs that are classified as Level 3 values (in thousands).

			2022																																				2021
			Derivative Assets						Derivative Liabilities						SBA/USDA loan servicing rights						Residential mortgage servicing rights						Corporate Bonds												Derivative Assets						Derivative Liabilities						SBA/USDA loan servicing rights						Residential mortgage servicing rights						Corporate Bonds
Three Months Ended September 30,
Beginning balance			$	10,199					$	10,795					$	6,167					$	35,131					$	2,287											$	6,889					$	3,944					$	6,115					$	21,568					$	1,707
Additions			—						—						411						704						—												86						—						354						2,813						500
Sales and settlements			—						—						(220)						(602)						—												—						—						(357)						(875)						—
Fair value adjustments included in OCI			—						—						—						—						(61)												—						—						—						—						165
Fair value adjustments included in earnings			1,819						2,866						(280)						1,921						—												42						505						49						(444)						—
Ending balance			$	12,018					$	13,661					$	6,078					$	37,154					$	2,226											$	7,017					$	4,449					$	6,161					$	23,062					$	2,372
Nine Months Ended September 30,
Beginning balance			$	6,758					$	5,048					$	6,513					$	25,161					$	2,395											$	10,779					$	2,408					$	6,462					$	16,216					$	1,750
Additions			—						99						1,799						4,594						—												261						97						1,193						9,806						500
Transfers from Level 3			(290)						—						—						—						—												—						—						—						—						—
Sales and settlements			—						(1)						(857)						(1,916)						—												—						—						(1,001)						(3,430)						—
Fair value adjustments included in OCI			—						—						—						—						(169)												—						—						—						—						122
Fair value adjustments included in earnings			5,550						8,515						(1,377)						9,315						—												(4,023)						1,944						(493)						470						—
Ending balance			$	12,018					$	13,661					$	6,078					$	37,154					$	2,226											$	7,017					$	4,449					$	6,161					$	23,062					$	2,372

The following table presents quantitative information about significant Level 3 inputs for fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated. 

Level 3 Assets and Liabilities						Valuation Technique						Significant Unobservable Inputs						September 30, 2022												December 31, 2021
																		Range						Weighted Average						Range						Weighted Average
SBA/USDA loan servicing rights						Discounted cash flow						Discount rate						5.8% - 25.0%						13.5		%				0.0% - 45.4%						10.3		%
												Prepayment rate						0.0 - 35.1						16.8						3.2 - 31.3						16.3
Residential mortgage servicing rights						Discounted cash flow						Discount rate						9.5 - 11.5						9.5						9.5 - 10.5						9.5
												Prepayment rate						7.0 - 32.3						7.4						7.0 - 77.6						12.6
Corporate bonds						Discounted cash flow						Discount rate						5.9 - 6.1						6.0						3.6 - 3.8						3.6
Derivative assets - customer derivative positions						Internal model						Estimated loss rate						N/A						N/A						33.4 - 44.0						36.0
Derivative assets - mortgage						Internal model						Pull through rate						45.0 - 100						90.7						45.9 - 100						87.2
Derivative assets and liabilities - other						Dealer priced						Dealer priced						N/A						N/A						N/A						N/A

 

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Fair Value Option

United generally records mortgage loans held for sale at fair value under the fair value option. Interest income on these loans is calculated based on the note rate of the loan and is recorded in interest revenue. In connection with the Reliant acquisition, United acquired mortgage loans held for sale accounted for under the lower of cost or fair value method. These loans are separately disclosed under the heading “Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis” within this footnote. The following tables present the fair value and outstanding principal balance of loans accounted for under the fair value option, as well as the gain or loss recognized from the change in fair value for the periods indicated (in thousands).

			Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
			Outstanding principal balance			$	20,180					$	42,581
			Fair value			19,888						44,109

			Gain (Loss) from Change in Fair Value on Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
			Location			Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2022						2021						2022						2021
			Mortgage loan gains and other related fees			$	(809)					$	(1,609)					$	(1,820)					$	(3,330)

Changes in fair value were mostly offset by hedging activities. An immaterial portion of these amounts was attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

United may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These adjustments to fair value usually result from the application of the lower of the amortized cost or fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets due to impairment. The following table presents the fair value hierarchy and carrying value of assets that were still held as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, for which a nonrecurring fair value adjustment was recorded during the year-to-date periods presented (in thousands).

									Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Total
			September 30, 2022
			Loans held for investment						$	—					$	—					$	1,820					$	1,820
			Mortgage loans held for sale						—						—						2,079						2,079
			December 31, 2021
			Loans held for investment						$	—					$	—					$	2,536					$	2,536

Mortgage loans held for sale that were acquired from Reliant were subject to a nonrecurring fair value adjustment resulting from the application of the lower of the amortized cost or fair value accounting. As of September 30, 2022, these loans were classified as nonrecurring Level 3 because the valuation of these loans was based on indicative bids provided by a broker, not corroborated by market transactions.

Loans held for investment that are reported above as being measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are generally impaired loans that have either been partially charged off or have specific reserves assigned to them. Nonaccrual loans that are collateral dependent are generally written down to net realizable value, which reflects fair value less the estimated costs to sell. Specific reserves that are established based on appraised value of collateral are considered nonrecurring fair value adjustments as well. When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, United records the impaired loan as nonrecurring Level 2. When an appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, United records the impaired loan as nonrecurring Level 3.

Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value  

For financial instruments that have quoted market prices, those quotes are used to determine fair value. Financial instruments that have no defined maturity, have a remaining maturity of 180 days or less, or reprice frequently to a market rate, are assumed to have a fair value that approximates reported book value, after taking into consideration any applicable credit risk. If no market quotes are available, financial instruments are valued by discounting the expected cash flows using an estimated current market interest rate for the financial instrument. For off-balance sheet derivative instruments, fair value is estimated as the amount that United would receive or pay to terminate the contracts at the reporting date, taking into account the current unrealized gains or losses on open contracts.

 

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Cash and cash equivalents and repurchase agreements have short maturities and therefore the carrying value approximates fair value. Due to the short-term settlement of accrued interest receivable and payable, the carrying amount closely approximates fair value.

 

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect the premium or discount on any particular financial instrument that could result from the sale of United’s entire holdings. All estimates are inherently subjective in nature. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

 

Fair value estimates are based on existing on and off-balance sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. Significant assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments include the mortgage banking operation, brokerage network, deferred income taxes, premises and equipment and goodwill. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in the estimates.

 

Off-balance sheet instruments (commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit) for which draws can be reasonably predicted are generally short-term in maturity and are priced at variable rates. Therefore, the estimated fair value associated with these instruments is immaterial.

The carrying amount and fair values as of the dates indicated for other financial instruments that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows (in thousands).

												Fair Value Level
						Carrying Amount						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Total
September 30, 2022
Assets:
HTM debt securities						$	2,676,405					$	17,253					$	2,223,907					$	—					$	2,241,160
Loans and leases, net						14,733,982						—						—						14,250,071						14,250,071
Liabilities:
Deposits						20,321,142						—						20,315,750						—						20,315,750
Long-term debt						324,515						—						—						313,944						313,944
December 31, 2021
Assets:
HTM debt securities						$	1,156,098					$	—					$	1,148,804					$	—					$	1,148,804
Loans and leases, net						11,657,814						—						—						11,607,821						11,607,821
Liabilities:
Deposits						18,241,179						—						18,239,934						—						18,239,934
Long-term debt						247,360						—						—						267,064						267,064

 

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 11 – Stock-Based Compensation

 

United has an equity compensation plan that allows for grants of various share-based compensation. The general terms of the plan include a vesting period (usually four years) with an exercisable period not to exceed ten years. Certain options and restricted stock unit awards provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control (as defined in the plan document). As of September 30, 2022, 2.80 million additional awards could be granted under the plan.

 

The table below presents restricted stock unit and option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

						Restricted Stock Unit Awards																		Options
						Shares						Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value												Aggregate Intrinsic Value ($000)						Shares						Weighted- Average Exercise Price						Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)						Aggregate Intrinsic Value ($000)
Outstanding at December 31, 2021						808,474						$	25.15																	35,460						$	8.38
Granted						335,866						32.81																		48,239						20.88
Released / Exercised						(289,860)						25.11												$	10,252					(16,257)						20.77												$	252
Cancelled						(29,925)						26.06																		—						—
Outstanding at September 30, 2022						824,555						28.25												27,293						67,442						14.33						3.0						1,266
Vested / Exercisable at September 30, 2022						—						—																		67,442						14.33						3.0						1,266

Options granted in 2022 reflect options assumed in the Reliant acquisition, with the weighted average exercise price of Reliant’s fully vested converted options determined pursuant to the purchase agreement. The value of the Reliant options was determined using a Black-Scholes model and was included in the purchase price for the acquisition. No compensation expense relating to options was included in earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

 

Compensation expense for restricted stock units and performance stock units without market conditions is based on the market value of United’s common stock on the date of grant. Compensation expense for performance stock units with market conditions is based on the grant date per share fair value, which was estimated using the Monte Carlo Simulation valuation model. United recognizes the impact of forfeitures as they occur. The value of restricted stock unit and performance stock unit awards is amortized into expense over the service period.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, expense of $6.24 million and $4.42 million, respectively, was recognized related to restricted stock unit and performance stock unit awards granted to United employees, which was included in salaries and employee benefits expense. In addition, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, $412,000 and $397,000, respectively, was recognized in other expense for restricted stock unit awards granted to members of United’s Board of Directors.

A deferred income tax benefit related to stock-based compensation expense of $1.70 million and $1.23 million was included in the determination of income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. As of September 30, 2022, there was $19.1 million of unrecognized expense related to non-vested restricted stock unit and performance stock unit awards granted under the plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.9 years.

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 12 – Reclassifications Out of AOCI

The following table presents the details regarding amounts reclassified out of AOCI for the periods indicated (in thousands). Amounts shown in parentheses reduce earnings.

			Details about AOCI Components						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,												Affected Line Item in the Statement Where Net Income is Presented
									2022						2021						2022						2021
			Realized gains (losses) on AFS securities:
									$	—					$	—					$	(3,688)					$	41					Securities gains (losses), net
									—						—						979						(14)						Income tax (expense) benefit
									$	—					$	—					$	(2,709)					$	27					Net of tax
			Amortization of unrealized losses on HTM securities transferred from AFS:
									$	(4,473)					$	—					$	(6,242)					$	—					Investment securities interest revenue
									1,073						—						1,495						—						Income tax benefit
									$	(3,400)					$	—					$	(4,747)					$	—					Net of tax
			Losses on derivative instruments accounted for as cash flow hedges:
			Interest rate contracts						$	(48)					$	(153)					$	(295)					$	(444)					Long-term debt interest expense
									12						39						75						113						Income tax benefit
									$	(36)					$	(114)					$	(220)					$	(331)					Net of tax
			Amortization of defined benefit pension plan net periodic pension cost components:
			Prior service cost						$	(91)					$	(117)					$	(276)					$	(351)					Salaries and employee benefits expense
			Actuarial losses						(78)						(143)						(234)						(431)						Other expense
									(169)						(260)						(510)						(782)						Total before tax
									43						66						130						200						Income tax benefit
									$	(126)					$	(194)					$	(380)					$	(582)					Net of tax
			Total reclassifications for the period						$	(3,562)					$	(308)					$	(8,056)					$	(886)					Net of tax

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 13 – Earnings Per Share

 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share data).

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2022						2021						2022						2021
			Net income			$	81,161					$	73,816					$	196,022					$	217,782
			Dividends on preferred stock			(1,719)						(1,719)						(5,157)						(5,157)
			Earnings allocated to participating securities			(407)						(448)						(1,007)						(1,342)
			Net income available to common shareholders			$	79,035					$	71,649					$	189,858					$	211,283
			Weighted average shares outstanding:
			Basic			106,687						87,211						106,616						87,274
			Effect of dilutive securities:
			Stock options			38						—						40						—
			Restricted stock units			75						144						76						139
			Diluted			106,800						87,355						106,732						87,413
			Net income per common share:
			Basic			$	0.74					$	0.82					$	1.78					$	2.42
			Diluted			$	0.74					$	0.82					$	1.78					$	2.42

 

At September 30, 2022 and 2021, United had no potentially dilutive instruments outstanding that were not included in the above analysis.

Note 14 – Regulatory Matters

As of September 30, 2022, United and the Bank were categorized as well-capitalized under the regulatory requirements in effect at that time. To be categorized as well-capitalized, United and the Bank must have exceeded the well-capitalized guideline ratios in effect at the time, as set forth in the table below, and have met certain other requirements. Management believes that United and the Bank exceeded all well-capitalized requirements at September 30, 2022, and there have been no conditions or events since quarter-end that would change the status of well-capitalized.

Regulatory capital ratios at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, along with the minimum amounts required for capital adequacy purposes and to be well-capitalized under regulatory requirements in effect at such times, are presented below for United and the Bank (dollars in thousands):

																		United Community Banks, Inc. (Consolidated)												United Community Bank
						Minimum (1)						Well- Capitalized						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
Risk-based ratios:
CET1 capital						4.5		%				6.5		%				12.13		%				12.46		%				12.94		%				12.87		%
Tier 1 capital						6.0						8.0						12.68						13.17						12.94						12.87
Total capital						8.0						10.0						14.62						14.65						13.75						13.46
Leverage ratio						4.0						5.0						9.41						8.75						9.58						8.53
CET1 capital																		$	2,101,819					$	1,688,176					$	2,234,151					$	1,738,557
Tier 1 capital																		2,198,241						1,784,598						2,234,151						1,738,557
Total capital																		2,534,810						1,984,376						2,374,603						1,818,335
Risk-weighted assets																		17,332,391						13,548,534						17,269,896						13,512,405
Average total assets for the leverage ratio																		23,359,608						20,402,842						23,308,849						20,377,319

(1) As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 the additional capital conservation buffer in effect was 2.50%

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 15 – Commitments and Contingencies

 

United is party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheet. The contract amounts of these instruments reflect the extent of involvement United has in particular classes of financial instruments. The exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and letters of credit written is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments. United uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it uses for underwriting on-balance sheet instruments. In most cases, collateral or other security is required to support financial instruments with credit risk.

 

The following table summarizes the contractual amount of off-balance sheet instruments as of the dates indicated (in thousands).

			September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk:
Commitments to extend credit			$	4,592,092					$	3,591,975
Letters of credit			53,526						29,312

 

United holds minor investments in certain entities for tax credit and Community Reinvestment Act purposes. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Bank had a recorded investment of $79.8 million and $52.7 million, respectively, in such investments, which is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2022, United had committed to fund an additional $6.96 million related to future capital calls that are not reflected in the consolidated balance sheet.

As of September 30, 2022, the Holding Company also had $18.1 million in commitments for future capital calls to fintech fund limited partnerships that have not been reflected in the consolidated balance sheet.

 

United, in the normal course of business, is subject to various pending and threatened lawsuits in which claims for monetary damages are asserted. Although it is not possible to predict the outcome of these lawsuits, or the range of any possible loss, management, after consultation with legal counsel, does not anticipate that the ultimate aggregate liability, if any, arising from these lawsuits will have a material adverse effect on United’s financial position or results of operations.

 

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Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is a discussion of our financial condition at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and our results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. The purpose of this discussion is to focus on information about our financial condition and results of operations which is not otherwise apparent from our consolidated financial statements and is intended to provide insight into our results of operations and financial condition. The following discussion and analysis should be read along with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Part I - Item 1 of this Report, “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and the risk factors discussed in our 2021 10-K, and the other reports we have filed with the SEC after we filed the 2021 10-K.

Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “our,” “us” refer to United on a consolidated basis.

 

Overview

 

We offer a wide array of commercial and consumer banking services and investment advisory services primarily through a 193 branch network throughout Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Tennessee and Florida. We have grown organically as well as through strategic acquisitions. At September 30, 2022, we had consolidated total assets of $23.7 billion and 2,826 full-time equivalent employees.

Recent Developments

Mergers and Acquisitions

Since September 30, 2021, we have continued to expand through acquisitions as follows:

◦On January 1, 2022, we acquired Reliant, a bank which operated a 25-branch network primarily located in Middle Tennessee. We acquired $2.96 billion of assets and assumed $2.66 billion of liabilities in the acquisition, which included $2.32 billion in loans and $2.50 billion in deposits as of the acquisition date.

◦On October 1, 2021, we acquired Aquesta, a bank which operated a network of branches primarily located in the Charlotte, North Carolina metropolitan area. We acquired total assets of $756 million, including $498 million in loans, and we assumed $658 million in deposits as of the acquisition date.

On May 4, 2022, we announced an agreement to acquire Progress, which we plan to complete in the first quarter of 2023. Progress is headquartered in Huntsville, Alabama, and operates 14 offices in high-growth southeastern markets, including Huntsville, Birmingham, Daphne and Tuscaloosa in Alabama and the Florida Panhandle. As of September 30, 2022, Progress had total assets of $1.74 billion, total loans of $1.41 billion, and total deposits of $1.50 billion.

Results of Operations

We reported net income and diluted earnings per common share of $81.2 million and $0.74, respectively, for the third quarter of 2022 compared to $73.8 million and $0.82, respectively, for the same period in 2021. Operating net income (non-GAAP), which excludes merger-related and other charges, was $82.5 million for the third quarter of 2022, compared to $74.9 million for the same period in 2021.

Net interest revenue increased to $200 million for the third quarter of 2022, compared to $141 million for the third quarter of 2021. The increase in interest revenue was provided by loan growth, including loans acquired from Aquesta and Reliant, continued investment in our securities portfolio and the impact of the current rising interest rate environment. These factors more than offset the increase in interest expense resulting from deposit growth and increased long-term debt, both of which also included increases resulting from acquisitions. In addition, while interest rates on interest-bearing deposits also increased, they did so at a slower rate than that of our interest-earning assets. Our net interest margin and net interest spread for the third quarter of 2022 increased compared to the same period of last year due to the rising interest rate environment, but was partially offset by the impact of tapering accelerated PPP deferred fee accretion and interest revenue and less purchased loan accretion compared to the same period of last year. The net interest margin for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was 3.57% and 3.12%, respectively.

 

We recorded a provision for credit losses of $15.4 million for the third quarter of 2022, compared to a release of provision of $11.0 million for the third quarter of 2021. The provision expense in the third quarter of 2022 resulted from loan growth and a less favorable current economic outlook compared to that as of the prior quarter-end. The negative provision in 2021 resulted from an improved economic forecast at that time as the outlook of the COVID-19 pandemic had improved. We recorded net charge-offs for the third quarters of 2022 and 2021 totaling $1.13 million and $551,000, respectively.

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Noninterest income of $31.9 million for the third quarter of 2022 was down $8.17 million, or 20%, from the third quarter of 2021. Lower gains on sales of mortgage loans and related fees, which were down $7.53 million compared to the same period of 2021, drove most of the decrease. The decrease reflects lower demand in the residential real estate mortgage market as interest rates have risen significantly since the third quarter of 2021. We also recorded unrealized losses on other investments during the third quarter of 2022 compared to unrealized gains in the same period of 2021, reflective of market conditions. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in BOLI income resulting from policies acquired with Reliant and Aquesta and death benefits received in 2022.

Noninterest expense of $113 million for the third quarter of 2022 increased $16.0 million compared to the same period of 2021. Most notably, salaries and employee benefits expense increased $7.37 million, which was primarily driven by the increase in employees resulting from acquisitions since September 30, 2021 and our annual salary merit-based increase effective in April of 2022. Occupancy and communications and equipment expense increased $2.04 million and $1.43 million, respectively, which was also primarily driven by the acquisitions of Aquesta and Reliant as our footprint continues to grow.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we reported net income of $196 million and $218 million, respectively, and diluted earnings per common share of $1.78 and $2.42, respectively. Operating net income (non-GAAP) for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 of $210 million and $221 million, respectively, excluded merger-related charges for both periods. Net interest revenue and net interest margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $542 million and 3.25%, respectively, compared to $411 million and 3.17%, respectively, for the same period in 2021. In addition to the factors affecting the third quarter of 2022, results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were also more heavily affected by the Reliant acquisition. Most notably, we incurred more significant merger-related and other charges and provision expense during the first nine months of 2022 compared to the same period of 2021. Merger-related and other charges increased $13.8 million, which is mostly reflective of Reliant merger-related costs and the second quarter Reliant systems conversion. Provision expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $44.1 million compared to a release of provision of $36.9 million during the comparable period of 2021. $18.3 million of the provision expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was related to the establishment of the ACL for the acquired Reliant non-PCD loans and unfunded commitments.

Results for the third quarter and first nine months of 2022 are discussed in further detail throughout the following sections of MD&A.

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period. Our accounting and reporting estimates are in accordance with GAAP and conform to general practices within the banking industry. Estimates that are susceptible to significant changes include accounting for the ACL and fair value measurements, both of which require significant judgments by management. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Also, different assumptions in the application of these accounting estimates could result in material changes in our consolidated financial position or consolidated results of operations. Our critical accounting estimates are discussed in MD&A in our 2021 10-K.

Non-GAAP Reconciliation and Explanation

This Report contains financial information determined by methods other than in accordance with GAAP. Such non-GAAP financial information includes the following measures: “tangible book value per common share,” and “tangible common equity to tangible assets.” In addition, management presents non-GAAP operating performance measures, which exclude merger-related and other items that are not part of our ongoing business operations. Operating performance measures include “expenses – operating,” “net income – operating,” “diluted income per common share – operating,” “return on common equity – operating,” “return on tangible common equity – operating,” “return on assets – operating” and “efficiency ratio – operating.” We have developed internal policies and procedures to accurately capture and account for merger-related and other charges and those charges are reviewed with the Audit Committee of our Board each quarter. We use these non-GAAP measures because we believe they provide useful supplemental information for evaluating our operations and performance over periods of time, as well as in managing and evaluating our business and in discussions about our operations and performance. We believe these non-GAAP measures may also provide users of our financial information with a meaningful measure for assessing our financial results and credit trends, as well as a comparison to financial results for prior periods. Nevertheless, non-GAAP measures have inherent limitations, are not required to be uniformly applied and are not audited. These non-GAAP measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as an alternative to or substitute for, measures determined in accordance with GAAP. In addition, because non-GAAP measures are not standardized, it may not be possible to compare our non-GAAP measures to similarly titled measures used by other companies. To the extent applicable, reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable measures as reported in accordance with GAAP are included in Table 1 of MD&A.

40

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
Table 1 - Financial Highlights
(in thousands, except per share data)
						2022																		2021												Third Quarter 2022 - 2021 Change						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,												YTD Change
						Third Quarter						Second Quarter						First Quarter						Fourth Quarter						Third Quarter												2022						2021
INCOME SUMMARY
Interest revenue						$	213,887					$	187,378					$	171,059					$	143,768					$	147,675											$	572,324					$	435,026
Interest expense						14,113						8,475						7,267						6,213						6,636												29,855						23,547
Net interest revenue						199,774						178,903						163,792						137,555						141,039						42		%				542,469						411,479						32		%
Provision for (release of) credit losses						15,392						5,604						23,086						(647)						(11,034)												44,082						(36,903)
Noninterest income						31,922						33,458						38,973						37,177						40,095						(20)						104,353						120,641						(14)
Total revenue						216,304						206,757						179,679						175,379						192,168						13						602,740						569,023						6
Noninterest expenses						112,755						120,790						119,275						109,156						96,749						17						352,820						287,483						23
Income before income tax expense						103,549						85,967						60,404						66,223						95,419						9						249,920						281,540						(11)
Income tax expense						22,388						19,125						12,385						14,204						21,603						4						53,898						63,758						(15)
Net income						81,161						66,842						48,019						52,019						73,816						10						196,022						217,782						(10)
Merger-related and other charges						1,746						7,143						9,016						9,912						1,437												17,905						4,058
Income tax benefit of merger-related and other charges						(385)						(1,575)						(1,963)						(2,265)						(328)												(3,923)						(909)
Net income - operating (1)						$	82,522					$	72,410					$	55,072					$	59,666					$	74,925					10						$	210,004					$	220,931					(5)
PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Per common share:
Diluted net income - GAAP						$	0.74					$	0.61					$	0.43					$	0.55					$	0.82					(10)						$	1.78					$	2.42					(26)
Diluted net income - operating (1)						0.75						0.66						0.50						0.64						0.83						(10)						1.91						2.45						(22)
Cash dividends declared						0.22						0.21						0.21						0.20						0.20						10						0.64						0.58						10
Book value						23.78						23.96						24.38						23.63						23.25						2						23.78						23.25						2
Tangible book value (3)						16.52						16.68						17.08						18.42						18.68						(12)						16.52						18.68						(12)
Key performance ratios:
Return on common equity - GAAP (2)(4)						11.02		%				9.31		%				6.80		%				9.32		%				14.26		%										9.08		%				14.55		%
Return on common equity - operating (1)(2)(4)						11.21						10.10						7.83						10.74						14.48												9.75						14.77
Return on tangible common equity - operating (1)(2)(3)(4)						15.60						14.20						11.00						13.93						18.23												13.64						18.55
Return on assets - GAAP (4)						1.32						1.08						0.78						0.96						1.48												1.06						1.52
Return on assets - operating (1)(4)						1.34						1.17						0.89						1.10						1.50												1.13						1.54
Net interest margin (FTE) (4)						3.57						3.19						2.97						2.81						3.12												3.25						3.17
Efficiency ratio - GAAP						48.41						56.58						57.43						62.12						53.11												53.94						53.72
Efficiency ratio - operating (1)						47.66						53.23						53.09						56.48						52.33												51.20						52.97
Equity to total assets						11.12						10.95						11.06						10.61						10.89												11.12						10.89
Tangible common equity to tangible assets (3)						7.70						7.59						7.72						8.09						8.53												7.70						8.53
ASSET QUALITY
NPAs						$	35,511					$	34,428					$	40,816					$	32,855					$	45,335					(22)						$	35,511					$	45,335					(22)
ACL - loans						148,502						136,925						132,805						102,532						99,620						49						148,502						99,620						49
Net charge-offs (recoveries)						1,134						(1,069)						2,978						248						551												3,043						(210)
ACL - loans to loans						1.00		%				0.94		%				0.93		%				0.87		%				0.89		%										1.00		%				0.89		%
Net charge-offs to average loans (4)						0.03						(0.03)						0.08						0.01						0.02												0.03						—
NPAs to total assets						0.15						0.14						0.17						0.16						0.23												0.15						0.23
AT PERIOD END ($ in millions)
Loans						$	14,882					$	14,541					$	14,316					$	11,760					$	11,191					33						$	14,882					$	11,191					33
Investment securities						6,539						6,683						6,410						5,653						5,335						23						6,539						5,335						23
Total assets						23,688						24,213						24,374						20,947						19,481						22						23,688						19,481						22
Deposits						20,321						20,873						21,056						18,241						16,865						20						20,321						16,865						20
Shareholders’ equity						2,635						2,651						2,695						2,222						2,122						24						2,635						2,122						24
Common shares outstanding (thousands)						106,163						106,034						106,025						89,350						86,559						23						106,163						86,559						23

(1) Excludes merger-related and other charges. (2) Net income less preferred stock dividends, divided by average realized common equity, which excludes AOCI. (3) Excludes effect of acquisition related intangibles and associated amortization. (4) Annualized.

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			UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
			Table 1 (Continued) - Financial Highlights
			Non-GAAP Performance Measures Reconciliation
			(in thousands, except per share data)
									2022																		2021												For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
									Third Quarter						Second Quarter						First Quarter						Fourth Quarter						Third Quarter						2022						2021
			Noninterest expense reconciliation
			Noninterest expenses (GAAP)						$	112,755					$	120,790					$	119,275					$	109,156					$	96,749					$	352,820					$	287,483
			Merger-related and other charges						(1,746)						(7,143)						(9,016)						(9,912)						(1,437)						(17,905)						(4,058)
			Noninterest expenses - operating						$	111,009					$	113,647					$	110,259					$	99,244					$	95,312					$	334,915					$	283,425
			Net income reconciliation
			Net income (GAAP)						$	81,161					$	66,842					$	48,019					$	52,019					$	73,816					$	196,022					$	217,782
			Merger-related and other charges						1,746						7,143						9,016						9,912						1,437						17,905						4,058
			Income tax benefit of merger-related and other charges						(385)						(1,575)						(1,963)						(2,265)						(328)						(3,923)						(909)
			Net income - operating						$	82,522					$	72,410					$	55,072					$	59,666					$	74,925					$	210,004					$	220,931
			Diluted income per common share reconciliation
			Diluted income per common share (GAAP)						$	0.74					$	0.61					$	0.43					$	0.55					$	0.82					$	1.78					$	2.42
			Merger-related and other charges, net of tax						0.01						0.05						0.07						0.09						0.01						0.13						0.03
			Diluted income per common share - operating						$	0.75					$	0.66					$	0.50					$	0.64					$	0.83					$	1.91					$	2.45
			Book value per common share reconciliation
			Book value per common share (GAAP)						$	23.78					$	23.96					$	24.38					$	23.63					$	23.25					$	23.78					$	23.25
			Effect of goodwill and other intangibles						(7.26)						(7.28)						(7.30)						(5.21)						(4.57)						(7.26)						(4.57)
			Tangible book value per common share						$	16.52					$	16.68					$	17.08					$	18.42					$	18.68					$	16.52					$	18.68
			Return on tangible common equity reconciliation
			Return on common equity (GAAP)						11.02		%				9.31		%				6.80		%				9.32		%				14.26		%				9.08		%				14.55		%
			Merger-related and other charges, net of tax						0.19						0.79						1.03						1.42						0.22						0.67						0.22
			Return on common equity - operating						11.21						10.10						7.83						10.74						14.48						9.75						14.77
			Effect of goodwill and other intangibles						4.39						4.10						3.17						3.19						3.75						3.89						3.78
			Return on tangible common equity - operating						15.60		%				14.20		%				11.00		%				13.93		%				18.23		%				13.64		%				18.55		%
			Return on assets reconciliation
			Return on assets (GAAP)						1.32		%				1.08		%				0.78		%				0.96		%				1.48		%				1.06		%				1.52		%
			Merger-related and other charges, net of tax						0.02						0.09						0.11						0.14						0.02						0.07						0.02
			Return on assets - operating						1.34		%				1.17		%				0.89		%				1.10		%				1.50		%				1.13		%				1.54		%
			Efficiency ratio reconciliation
			Efficiency ratio (GAAP)						48.41		%				56.58		%				57.43		%				62.12		%				53.11		%				53.94		%				53.72		%
			Merger-related and other charges						(0.75)						(3.35)						(4.34)						(5.64)						(0.78)						(2.74)						(0.75)
			Efficiency ratio - operating						47.66		%				53.23		%				53.09		%				56.48		%				52.33		%				51.20		%				52.97		%
			Tangible common equity to tangible assets reconciliation
			Equity to total assets (GAAP)						11.12		%				10.95		%				11.06		%				10.61		%				10.89		%				11.12		%				10.89		%
			Effect of goodwill and other intangibles						—						(2.96)						(2.94)						(2.06)						(1.87)						—						(1.87)
			Effect of preferred equity						(3.42)						(0.40)						(0.40)						(0.46)						(0.49)						(3.42)						(0.49)
			Tangible common equity to tangible assets						7.70		%				7.59		%				7.72		%				8.09		%				8.53		%				7.70		%				8.53		%

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Net Interest Revenue

Net interest revenue, which is the difference between the interest earned on assets and the interest paid on deposits and borrowed funds, is the single largest component of total revenue. Management seeks to optimize this revenue while balancing interest rate, credit and liquidity risks. The banking industry uses two ratios to measure the relative profitability of net interest revenue. The net interest spread measures the difference between the average yield on interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities. The interest rate spread eliminates the effect of noninterest-bearing deposits and gives a direct perspective on the effect of market interest rate movements. The net interest margin is an indication of the profitability of a company’s balance sheet and is defined as net interest revenue as a percent of average total interest-earning assets, which includes the positive effect of funding a portion of interest-earning assets with noninterest-bearing deposits and stockholders’ equity.

The following discussion provides additional details on the average balances and net interest revenue for the periods presented. The tables that follow indicate the relationship between interest revenue and expense and the average amounts of assets and liabilities, which provides further insight into net interest spread and net interest margin for the periods indicated.

For the quarter:

The increase in net interest revenue was primarily driven by the $3.45 billion increase in average loans provided by the addition of the Aquesta and Reliant loan portfolios, as well as organic growth. As a result of this increase and the rising rate environment, loan interest revenue (FTE) increased $46.0 million compared to the third quarter of 2021, which was partially offset by $13.4 million less in PPP interest and fee income and $3.37 million less in purchased loan accretion. Additionally, the increase in average securities of $1.91 billion combined with rising rates provided $18.5 million more in interest revenue (FTE) compared to the same period of last year as we have continued to deploy surplus liquidity into the securities portfolio. Compared to the third quarter of 2021, average interest-bearing deposits increased $2.13 billion and deposit interest expense increased $6.74 million. Growth in deposits includes deposits received in the acquisitions of Aquesta and Reliant. The increase in deposit interest expense was driven both by the deposit growth and the 20 basis point increase in the average rate paid on interest-bearing deposits resulting from the rising interest rate environment.

Our net interest spread and net interest margin for the third quarter of 2022 increased 37 and 45 basis points, respectively, compared to the third quarter of 2021, which was primarily a result of the impact of the rising rate environment on our asset-sensitive balance sheet as rates on interest-earning assets increased more quickly than rates paid on interest-bearing deposits. As discussed above, we had significantly less accelerated PPP interest and fees and purchased loan accretion compared to the third quarter of 2021. As a result, the average rate earned on loans, net interest spread and net interest margin for the third quarter of 2021 were more positively impacted by these sources of interest revenue compared to the same period of 2022, which partially offset the impact of the increase in interest rates since the third quarter 2021.

For the nine months ended:

Net interest revenue for the first nine months of 2022 was $542 million, representing a 32% increase from the first nine months of 2021, which was primarily driven by the same factors impacting the quarter. During the first nine months of 2022, our net interest spread and net interest margin both increased by 8 basis points compared to the same period of 2021. As with the quarter, the positive impact of the rising interest rate environment on our average rate earned on loans, net interest spread and net interest margin was partially offset by the significant decreases in accelerated PPP deferred fee accretion and interest income and purchased loan accretion of $36.1 million and $7.99 million, respectively, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

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Table 2 - Average Consolidated Balance Sheets and Net Interest Analysis
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in thousands, FTE)

						2022																		2021
						Average Balance						Interest						Average Rate						Average Balance						Interest						Average Rate
Assets:
Interest-earning assets:
Loans, net of unearned income (FTE) (1)(2)						$	14,658,397					$	174,168					4.71		%				$	11,204,653					$	128,185					4.54		%
Taxable securities (3)						6,539,615						34,385						2.10						4,738,860						16,260						1.37
Tax-exempt securities (FTE) (1)(3)						493,115						3,449						2.80						383,196						3,061						3.20
Federal funds sold and other interest-earning assets						614,755						3,106						2.00						1,751,222						1,185						0.27
Total interest-earning assets (FTE)						22,305,882						215,108						3.83						18,077,931						148,691						3.27
Noninterest-earning assets:
Allowance for credit losses						(138,907)																		(111,952)
Cash and due from banks						231,376																		124,360
Premises and equipment						290,768																		228,556
Other assets (3)						1,261,236																		1,002,810
Total assets						$	23,950,355																	$	19,321,705
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity:
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits:
NOW and interest-bearing demand						$	4,335,619					3,992						0.37						$	3,594,670					1,290						0.14
Money market						4,849,705						4,503						0.37						4,010,720						1,119						0.11
Savings						1,515,350						178						0.05						1,120,843						55						0.02
Time						1,635,580						984						0.24						1,466,821						609						0.16
Brokered time deposits						51,530						223						1.72						63,917						69						0.43
Total interest-bearing deposits						12,387,784						9,880						0.32						10,256,971						3,142						0.12
Federal funds purchased and other borrowings						3,442						27						3.11						—						—						—
Federal Home Loan Bank advances						—						—						—						54						—						—
Long-term debt						324,444						4,206						5.14						257,139						3,494						5.39
Total borrowed funds						327,886						4,233						5.12						257,193						3,494						5.39
Total interest-bearing liabilities						12,715,670						14,113						0.44						10,514,164						6,636						0.25
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits						8,176,987																		6,379,969
Other liabilities						349,647																		308,551
Total liabilities						21,242,304																		17,202,684
Shareholders' equity						2,708,051																		2,119,021
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity						$	23,950,355																	$	19,321,705
Net interest revenue (FTE)												$	200,995																	$	142,055
Net interest-rate spread (FTE)																		3.39		%																3.02		%
Net interest margin (FTE) (4)																		3.57		%																3.12		%

 

(1)Interest revenue on tax-exempt securities and loans has been increased to reflect comparable interest on taxable securities and loans. The rate used was 26%, reflecting the statutory federal income tax rate and the federal tax adjusted state income tax rate.

(2)Included in the average balance of loans outstanding are loans on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued and loans that are held for sale.

(3)Unrealized gains and losses on securities, including those related to the transfer from AFS to HTM, have been reclassified to other assets. Pretax unrealized losses of $318 million and pretax unrealized gains of $39.6 million in 2022 and 2021, respectively, are included in other assets for purposes of this presentation.

(4)Net interest margin is taxable equivalent net interest revenue divided by average interest-earning assets.

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Table 3 - Average Consolidated Balance Sheets and Net Interest Analysis
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,

						2022																		2021
(dollars in thousands, fully taxable equivalent (FTE))						Average Balance						Interest						Average Rate						Average Balance						Interest						Average Rate
Assets:
Interest-earning assets:
Loans, net of unearned income (FTE) (1)(2)						$	14,426,470					$	475,989					4.41		%				$	11,417,285					$	380,765					4.46		%
Taxable securities (3)						6,274,230						83,281						1.77						4,206,099						44,845						1.42
Tax-exempt securities (FTE) (1)(3)						498,177						10,425						2.79						381,323						8,979						3.14
Federal funds sold and other interest-earning assets						1,271,287						6,192						0.65						1,468,487						3,462						0.31
Total interest-earning assets (FTE)						22,470,164						575,887						3.43						17,473,194						438,051						3.35
Non-interest-earning assets:
Allowance for loan losses						(129,278)																		(127,793)
Cash and due from banks						200,463																		138,973
Premises and equipment						284,850																		225,021
Other assets (3)						1,308,647																		1,007,669
Total assets						$	24,134,846																	$	18,717,064
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity:
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits:
NOW and interest-bearing demand						$	4,520,079					7,624						0.23						$	3,452,206					4,158						0.16
Money market						4,992,357						7,030						0.19						3,853,907						4,278						0.15
Savings						1,483,169						337						0.03						1,064,045						157						0.02
Time						1,688,250						2,009						0.16						1,551,934						3,096						0.27
Brokered time deposits						65,133						313						0.64						67,794						292						0.58
Total interest-bearing deposits						12,748,988						17,313						0.18						9,989,886						11,981						0.16
Federal funds purchased and other borrowings						1,383						27						2.61						41						—						—
Federal Home Loan Bank advances						—						—						—						1,117						2						0.24
Long-term debt						322,600						12,515						5.19						286,347						11,564						5.40
Total borrowed funds						323,983						12,542						5.18						287,505						11,566						5.38
Total interest-bearing liabilities						13,072,971						29,855						0.31						10,277,391						23,547						0.31
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits						7,958,392																		6,059,680
Other liabilities						375,182																		311,749
Total liabilities						21,406,545																		16,648,820
Shareholders' equity						2,728,301																		2,068,244
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity						$	24,134,846																	$	18,717,064
Net interest revenue (FTE)												$	546,032																	$	414,504
Net interest-rate spread (FTE)																		3.12		%																3.04		%
Net interest margin (FTE) (4)																		3.25		%																3.17		%

 

(1)Interest revenue on tax-exempt securities and loans has been increased to reflect comparable interest on taxable securities and loans. The rate used was 26%, reflecting the statutory federal income tax rate and the federal tax adjusted state income tax rate.

(2)Included in the average balance of loans outstanding are loans on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued and loans that are held for sale.

(3)Unrealized gains and losses, including those related to the transfer from AFS to HTM, have been reclassified to other assets. Pretax unrealized losses of $221 million in 2022 and pretax unrealized gains of $40.3 million in 2021, respectively, are included in other assets for purposes of this presentation.

(4)Net interest margin is taxable equivalent net-interest revenue divided by average interest-earning assets.

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The following table shows the relative effect on net interest revenue for changes in the average outstanding amounts (volume) of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the rates earned and paid on such assets and liabilities (rate). Variances resulting from a combination of changes in rate and volume are allocated in proportion to the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each category.

 

Table 4 - Change in Interest Revenue and Expense on a Taxable Equivalent Basis
(in thousands)

												Three Months Ended September 30, 2022																		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
												Compared to 2021 Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes in
												Volume						Rate						Total						Volume						Rate						Total
						Interest-earning assets:
						Loans (FTE)						$	40,867					$	5,116					$	45,983					$	99,327					$	(4,103)					$	95,224
						Taxable securities						7,549						10,576						18,125						25,655						12,781						38,436
						Tax-exempt securities (FTE)						802						(414)						388						2,527						(1,081)						1,446
						Federal funds sold and other interest-earning assets						(1,220)						3,141						1,921						(522)						3,252						2,730
						Total interest-earning assets (FTE)						47,998						18,419						66,417						126,987						10,849						137,836
						Interest-bearing liabilities:
						NOW and interest-bearing demand accounts						314						2,388						2,702						1,511						1,955						3,466
						Money market accounts						279						3,105						3,384						1,441						1,311						2,752
						Savings deposits						25						98						123						76						104						180
						Time deposits						76						299						375						252						(1,339)						(1,087)
						Brokered deposits						(16)						170						154						(12)						33						21
						Total interest-bearing deposits						678						6,060						6,738						3,268						2,064						5,332
						Federal funds purchased & other borrowings						14						13						27						14						13						27
						FHLB advances						—						—						—						(1)						(1)						(2)
						Long-term debt						879						(167)						712						1,420						(469)						951
						Total borrowed funds						893						(154)						739						1,433						(457)						976
						Total interest-bearing liabilities						1,571						5,906						7,477						4,701						1,607						6,308
						Increase in net interest revenue (FTE)						$	46,427					$	12,513					$	58,940					$	122,286					$	9,242					$	131,528

Provision for Credit Losses

The ACL represents management’s estimate of life of loan credit losses in the loan portfolio and unfunded loan commitments. Management’s estimate of credit losses under CECL is determined using a model that relies on reasonable and supportable forecasts and historical loss information to determine the balance of the ACL and resulting provision for credit losses.

We recorded a provision for credit losses of $15.4 million and $44.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to a release of provision of $11.0 million and $36.9 million, respectively, for the same periods of 2021. The amount of provision recorded in each period was the amount required such that the total ACL reflected the appropriate balance as determined by management reflecting expected life of loan losses. The provision recorded during the third quarter of 2022 reflected a less favorable economic outlook as of September 30, 2022 compared to that of the prior quarter and prior year. The provision for credit losses during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 included the initial provision for credit losses on Reliant’s non-PCD loans and unfunded commitments of $15.2 million and $3.12 million, respectively. The negative provision expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 was primarily a result of an improved economic forecast combined with low net charge-offs for the third quarter of 2021 and net recoveries for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

 

Additional discussion on credit quality and the ACL is included in the “Asset Quality and Risk Elements” section of MD&A in this Report.

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Noninterest income

 

The following table presents the components of noninterest income for the periods indicated.

Table 5 - Noninterest Income
(in thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Change												Nine Months Ended September 30,												Change
						2022						2021						Amount						Percent						2022						2021						Amount						Percent
			Overdraft fees			$	2,778					$	2,858					$	(80)					(3)		%				$	8,038					$	7,474					$	564					8		%
			ATM and debit card fees			3,857						3,867						(10)						—						12,038						10,263						1,775						17
			Other service charges and fees			2,934						2,625						309						12						8,568						7,518						1,050						14
			Total service charges and fees			9,569						9,350						219						2						28,644						25,255						3,389						13
			Mortgage loan gains and related fees			6,297						13,828						(7,531)						(54)						29,420						47,536						(18,116)						(38)
			Wealth management fees			5,879						5,554						325						6						17,759						12,881						4,878						38
			Gains on sales of other loans			2,228						2,353						(125)						(5)						9,226						7,506						1,720						23
			Lending and loan servicing fees			2,946						2,825						121						4						7,518						7,070						448						6
			Securities gains (losses), net			—						—						—												(3,688)						41						(3,729)
			Other noninterest income:
			Customer derivatives			470						585						(115)						(20)						1,790						2,537						(747)						(29)
			Other investment gains (losses)			(1,492)						1,333						(2,825)												(3,333)						4,487						(7,820)
			BOLI			2,020						832						1,188						143						5,241						2,661						2,580						97
			Treasury management income			1,022						765						257						34						2,739						2,120						619						29
			Other			2,983						2,670						313						12						9,037						8,547						490						6
			Total other noninterest income			5,003						6,185						(1,182)						(19)						15,474						20,352						(4,878)						(24)
			Total noninterest income			$	31,922					$	40,095					$	(8,173)					(20)						$	104,353					$	120,641					$	(16,288)					(14)

The increase in total service charges and fees was primarily driven by the acquisitions of Aquesta and Reliant since the third quarter of 2021, in addition to increases in organic transaction volume. However, the impact of the acquisitions on overdraft fees for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was offset by the impact of updates to our consumer overdraft policy implemented in the fourth quarter of 2021. The policy updates included the addition of a fee forgiveness feature, an increase to the overdraft threshold and a lower daily fee item limit.

Mortgage loan gains and related fees consist primarily of fees earned on originations, secondary market gains on sales, derivative hedging gains and losses and fair value adjustments to our mortgage loans held for sale and mortgage servicing rights asset. The change in mortgage income is strongly tied to the interest rate environment and industry conditions. We recognize the majority of income on mortgages when customers enter into mortgage rate lock commitments, making our rate lock volume a significant driver of mortgage gains in any given period.

The decrease in mortgage loan gains and related fees was primarily a result of tapering mortgage refinance and mortgage rate lock demand compared to the same periods of 2021, as reflected in the following table. In addition, we held more of our mortgage production in portfolio in comparison to 2021, which contributed to the decrease in volume of loans sold. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recorded $2.45 million and $10.9 million in positive fair value adjustments to the mortgage servicing rights asset, which partially offset the decrease in mortgage loan gains. In comparison, we recorded a negative fair value adjustment to the mortgage servicing rights asset of $146,000 and a positive adjustment of $1.33 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.

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Table 6 - Selected Mortgage Metrics
(dollars in thousands)
			Three Months Ended September 30,																		Nine Months Ended September 30,
			2022						2021						% Change						2022						2021						% Change
Mortgage rate locks			$	456,186					$	730,566					(38)		%				$	1,810,839					$	2,425,571					(25)		%
# of mortgage rate locks			1,213						2,077						(42)						4,622						7,149						(35)
Mortgage loans sold			$	93,183					$	319,232					(71)						$	460,232					$	1,062,373					(57)
# of mortgage loans sold			379						1,299						(71)						1,812						4,408						(59)
Mortgage loans originated:
Purchases			$	269,743					$	354,378					(24)						$	977,562					$	1,053,849					(7)
Refinances			47,533						214,018						(78)						300,128						849,421						(65)
Total			$	317,276					$	568,396					(44)						$	1,277,690					$	1,903,270					(33)
# of mortgage loans originated			841						1,615						(48)						3,243						5,749						(44)

The increase in wealth management fees for the first nine months of 2022 compared to the same period of 2021 resulted primarily from inclusion of FinTrust’s wealth management business for the full year of 2022. Assets under administration totaled $4.00 billion as of September 30, 2022.

During the first quarter of 2022, we sold certain lower-yielding securities with the strategic intent of reinvesting in higher-yielding securities, which resulted in securities losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Our SBA/USDA lending strategy includes selling a portion of the loan production each quarter. The amount of loans sold depends on several variables including the current lending environment and balance sheet management activities. During the third quarter and first nine months of 2022, we sold more SBA/USDA loans compared to the same period of last year. From time to time, we also sell certain equipment financing receivables. The following table presents loans sold and the corresponding gains or losses recognized on the sale for the periods indicated.

Table 7 - Other Loan Sales
(in thousands)
			Three Months Ended September 30,																								Nine Months Ended September 30,
			2022												2021												2022												2021
			Loans Sold						Gain						Loans Sold						Gain						Loans Sold						Gain						Loans Sold						Gain
Guaranteed portion of SBA/USDA loans			$	20,405					$	1,535					$	13,484					$	1,492					$	87,867					$	7,108					$	57,132					$	5,835
Equipment financing receivables			21,557						693						19,273						861						65,534						2,118						39,240						1,671
Total			$	41,962					$	2,228					$	32,757					$	2,353					$	153,401					$	9,226					$	96,372					$	7,506

The change in other noninterest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same periods of 2021 was primarily driven by the following factors:

•Customer derivative income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 decreased due to rising interest rates negatively impacting the demand for customer derivative products. This was partially offset by improvements in the CVA on customer derivatives. The CVA improved due to rising interest rates, which lowered our overall credit exposure on customer derivative positions, and credit upgrades to underlying loans associated with customer derivative positions.

•We recorded unrealized losses on our other investments, which includes deferred compensation plan assets, CRA and tax credit investments and other equity securities, compared to unrealized gains during the same periods of 2021.

•The increase in BOLI income reflects income earned on BOLI policies acquired with Reliant as well as death benefit gains recognized in the second and third quarters of 2022 totaling $1.37 million.

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Noninterest Expenses 

The following table presents the components of noninterest expenses for the periods indicated. 

Table 8 - Noninterest Expenses
(in thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Change												Nine Months Ended September 30,												Change
						2022						2021						Amount						Percent						2022						2021						Amount						Percent
			Salaries and employee benefits			$	67,823					$	60,458					$	7,365					12		%				$	208,062					$	180,457					$	27,605					15		%
			Communications and equipment			8,795						7,368						1,427						19						27,718						21,979						5,739						26
			Occupancy			9,138						7,096						2,042						29						27,381						21,130						6,251						30
			Advertising and public relations			2,544						1,458						1,086						74						6,332						4,150						2,182						53
			Postage, printing and supplies			2,190						1,731						459						27						6,308						5,171						1,137						22
			Professional fees			4,821						5,347						(526)						(10)						14,670						14,509						161						1
			Lending and loan servicing expense			2,333						2,450						(117)						(5)						7,746						8,508						(762)						(9)
			Outside services - electronic banking			3,159						2,308						851						37						8,629						6,811						1,818						27
			FDIC assessments and other regulatory charges			2,356						1,723						633						37						6,796						5,520						1,276						23
			Amortization of intangibles			1,678						1,028						650						63						5,207						2,942						2,265						77
			Other			6,172						4,345						1,827						42						16,066						12,248						3,818						31
			Total excluding merger-related and other charges			111,009						95,312						15,697						16						334,915						283,425						51,490						18
			Merger-related and other charges			1,746						1,437						309												17,905						4,058						13,847
			Total noninterest expenses			$	112,755					$	96,749					$	16,006					17						$	352,820					$	287,483					$	65,337					23

The increase in salaries and employee benefits for the third quarter and first nine months of 2022 compared to the same periods of 2021 was primarily driven by the addition of Reliant, Aquesta and FinTrust employees since their respective acquisition dates. The increase also reflects our annual merit-based salary increases awarded during the second quarter of 2022. These increases were partially offset by a reduction in deferred compensation expense resulting from unrealized losses on underlying plan assets, compared to unrealized gains in the same periods of 2021. Commissions expense also decreased primarily due to reduced mortgage production volume. Full-time equivalent headcount totaled 2,826 at September 30, 2022, up from 2,480 at September 30, 2021, which represents a 14% increase.

Communications and equipment expense increased primarily due to incremental software contract costs and the growth in our network with the addition of recent acquisitions. The increase in occupancy costs for the third quarter and first nine months of 2022 compared to the same periods of 2021 was mostly attributable to the additional operating lease costs associated with Reliant, Aquesta and FinTrust. Advertising and public relations expense increased compared to 2021 as a result of charitable contributions made to the United Community Bank Foundation, new marketing campaigns, promotions and sponsorships. In the third quarter of 2022, we made a $650,000 contribution to the United Community Bank Foundation. The increase in outside services - electronic banking primarily related to increased ATM network and internet banking costs. Amortization of intangibles increased with the additional customer deposit and customer relationship intangibles recorded as a result of acquisitions since the third quarter of 2021. The increase in other expense was primarily due to increase in travel and meals expenses, as well as volume-based increases in fraud losses. Increased merger-related charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were primarily related to the acquisition of Reliant and the completion of its system conversion in the second quarter of 2022, as well as branch closure costs.

Balance Sheet Review

 

Total assets at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were $23.7 billion and $20.9 billion, respectively. Total liabilities at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were $21.1 billion and $18.7 billion, respectively. Shareholders’ equity totaled $2.63 billion and $2.22 billion at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

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Loans

Our loan portfolio is our largest category of interest-earning assets. The following table presents a summary of the loan portfolio by loan type as of September 30, 2022, of which approximately 73% was secured by real estate. Commercial and industrial loans as of September 30, 2022 included $2.44 million of PPP loans.

Table 9 - Loan Portfolio Composition

As of September 30, 2022

Asset Quality and Risk Elements

 

We manage asset quality and control credit risk through review and oversight of the loan portfolio as well as adherence to policies designed to promote sound underwriting and loan monitoring practices. Our credit risk management function is responsible for monitoring asset quality and Board approved portfolio concentration limits, establishing credit policies and procedures and enforcing the consistent application of these policies and procedures.

 

We conduct reviews of special mention and substandard performing and non-performing loans, TDRs, past due loans and portfolio concentrations on a regular basis to identify risk migration and potential charges to the ACL. These items are discussed in a series of meetings attended by credit risk management leadership and leadership from various lending groups. In addition to the reviews mentioned above, an independent loan review team reviews the portfolio to ensure consistent application of risk rating policies and procedures.

The ACL reflects our assessment of the life of loan expected credit losses in the loan portfolio and unfunded loan commitments. This assessment involves uncertainty and judgment and is subject to change in future periods. The amount of any changes could be significant if our assessment of loan quality or collateral values changes substantially with respect to one or more loan relationships or portfolios. The allocation of the ACL is based on reasonable and supportable forecasts, historical data, subjective judgment and estimates and therefore, is not necessarily indicative of the specific amounts or loan categories in which charge-offs may ultimately occur. See the Critical Accounting Estimates section of MD&A in our 2021 10-K for additional information on the allowance for credit losses.

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Table 10 - Allocation of ACL

(in thousands)

			September 30, 2022												December 31, 2021
			ACL						% of loans in each category to total loans						ACL						% of loans in each category to total loans
Owner occupied commercial real estate			$	19,056					18						$	14,282					20
Income producing commercial real estate			31,610						22						24,156						22
Commercial & industrial			20,918						15						16,592						16
Commercial construction			17,954						10						9,956						9
Equipment financing			20,565						9						16,290						9
Total commercial			110,103						74						81,276						76
Residential mortgage			19,335						14						12,390						14
HELOC			8,473						6						6,568						6
Residential construction			2,304						3						1,847						3
Manufactured housing			7,352						2						—						—
Consumer			935						1						451						1
Total ACL - loans			148,502						100						102,532						100
ACL - unfunded commitments			18,798												10,992
Total ACL			$	167,300											$	113,524
ACL - loans as a percentage of total loans			1.00		%										0.87		%
ACL - loans as a percentage of nonaccrual loans HFI			438												312

The increase in the ACL since December 31, 2021 was primarily driven by the acquisition of Reliant, which added $31.1 million to the ACL as of the acquisition date. Of this amount, $12.7 million was reclassified from the amortized cost basis of PCD loans, $15.2 million was recorded as provision for loan losses on acquired non-PCD loan balances and $3.12 million was recorded as provision for unfunded commitments on the acquired balance of unfunded commitments. The increase in the ACL was also attributable to a more negative economic forecast as of September 30, 2022 as compared to prior periods. See Provision for Credit Losses discussion within this MD&A for further information.

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The following table presents a summary of net charge-offs to average loans for the periods indicated.

Table 11 - Net Charge-offs to Average Loans
(in thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2022						2021						2022						2021
			Net charge-offs (recoveries)
			Owner occupied commercial real estate			$	(90)					$	(93)					$	(1,631)					$	571
			Income producing commercial real estate			176						45						(230)						(130)
			Commercial & industrial			(744)						(91)						1,883						(2,838)
			Commercial construction			10						(123)						(507)						(394)
			Equipment financing			1,121						512						2,295						2,324
			Residential mortgage			(66)						51						(214)						(51)
			HELOC			(102)						(102)						(529)						(287)
			Residential construction			(109)						(37)						(208)						(130)
			Manufactured housing			220						—						519						—
			Consumer			718						389						1,665						725
			Total net charge-offs (recoveries)			$	1,134					$	551					$	3,043					$	(210)
			Average loans
			Owner occupied commercial real estate			$	2,680,906					$	2,132,744					$	2,650,505					$	2,119,457
			Income producing commercial real estate			3,274,246						2,526,727						3,291,809						2,555,933
			Commercial & industrial			2,237,096						2,041,344						2,285,443						2,348,130
			Commercial construction			1,508,481						929,760						1,487,598						945,175
			Equipment financing			1,241,322						985,271						1,184,201						938,275
			Residential mortgage			2,065,662						1,491,140						1,930,781						1,411,077
			HELOC			813,637						656,067						791,673						671,006
			Residential construction			400,680						302,466						382,549						286,394
			Manufactured housing			292,648						—						278,449						—
			Consumer			143,719						139,134						143,462						141,838
			Total average loans			$	14,658,397					$	11,204,653					$	14,426,470					$	11,417,285
			Net charge-offs to average loans (1)
			Owner occupied commercial real estate			(0.01)		%				(0.02)		%				(0.08)		%				0.04		%
			Income producing commercial real estate			0.02						0.01						(0.01)						(0.01)
			Commercial & industrial			(0.13)						(0.02)						0.11						(0.16)
			Commercial construction			—						(0.05)						(0.05)						(0.06)
			Equipment financing			0.36						0.21						0.26						0.33
			Residential mortgage			(0.01)						0.01						(0.01)						—
			HELOC			(0.05)						(0.06)						(0.09)						(0.06)
			Residential construction			(0.11)						(0.05)						(0.07)						(0.06)
			Manufactured housing			0.30						—						0.25						—
			Consumer			1.98						1.11						1.55						0.68
			Total			0.03						0.02						0.03						—

(1) Annualized.

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Nonperforming Assets

The table below summarizes NPAs for the periods indicated. NPAs include nonaccrual loans, OREO and repossessed assets,

Table 12 - NPAs
(in thousands)

						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
			Nonaccrual loans HFI			33,879						32,812
			Nonaccrual loans held for sale			316						—
			OREO and repossessed assets			1,316						43
			Total NPAs			$	35,511					$	32,855
			Nonaccrual loans HFI as a percentage of total loans HFI			0.23		%				0.28		%
			NPAs as a percentage of total assets			0.15						0.16

Our policy is to place loans on nonaccrual status when, in the opinion of management, the full principal and interest on a loan is not likely to be collected or when the loan becomes 90 days past due. A loan may continue on accrual after 90 days, however, if it is well collateralized and in the process of collection. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current interest revenue. Interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied to reduce the loan’s amortized cost. Loans are generally returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current, there is a sustained period of repayment performance and future payments are reasonably assured.

 

Generally, we do not commit to lend additional funds to customers whose loans are on nonaccrual status, although in certain isolated cases, we execute forbearance agreements whereby we agree to continue to fund construction loans to completion or other lines of credit as long as the borrower meets the conditions of the forbearance agreement. We may also fund other amounts necessary to protect collateral such as amounts to pay past due property taxes and insurance coverage.

At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had $42.9 million and $52.4 million, respectively, in loans with terms that have been modified in TDRs. Included therein were $5.13 million and $11.5 million, respectively, of TDRs that were classified as nonaccrual and were included in nonperforming loans. The remaining TDRs with an aggregate balance of $37.8 million and $40.9 million, respectively, were performing according to their modified terms and were therefore not considered to be nonperforming assets.

Investment Securities

The composition of the investment securities portfolio reflects our investment strategy of maintaining an appropriate level of liquidity while providing a relatively stable source of revenue. The investment securities portfolio also provides a balance to interest rate risk and credit risk in other categories of the balance sheet while providing a vehicle for the investment of available funds, furnishing liquidity, and supplying securities to pledge as required collateral for certain deposits and borrowings.

At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had HTM debt securities with a carrying amount of $2.68 billion and $1.16 billion, respectively, and AFS debt securities totaling $3.86 billion and $4.50 billion, respectively. During the first nine months of 2022, United transferred AFS debt securities to HTM with a fair value on the transfer date of $1.29 billion, which included unrealized losses recorded in AOCI totaling $87.4 million. No securities were transferred from AFS to HTM during the third quarter of 2022. Transfer date unrealized losses are amortized and reclassified out of AOCI as a yield adjustment, which is offset by discount accretion of the transferred HTM securities. Amortization of transfer date unrealized losses and discount accretion are recognized over the remaining life of the securities. During the first half of 2022, we continued to deploy liquidity generated through strong deposit growth by purchasing additional investment securities. In the third quarter of 2022, we slowed our securities purchases as we began to see some deposit attrition, which absorbed much of our surplus liquidity. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the securities portfolio represented approximately 28% and 27%, respectively, of total assets.

In accordance with CECL, our HTM debt securities portfolio is evaluated quarterly to assess whether an ACL is required. We measure expected credit losses on HTM debt securities on a collective basis by major security type. The estimate of expected credit losses considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, calculated credit losses on HTM debt securities were de minimis due to the high credit quality of the portfolio, which included securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies, GSEs, high credit quality municipalities and supranational entities. As a result, no ACL for HTM debt securities was recorded.

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For AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position, if we intend to sell, or if it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the security's amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. Absent circumstances where an AFS security would be sold, we evaluate whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. The evaluation considers factors such as the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, changes to the security’s rating, and adverse conditions specific to the security. If the evaluation indicates a credit loss exists, an ACL may be recorded, with such allowance limited to the amount by which fair value is below amortized cost. Any impairment unrelated to credit factors is recognized in OCI. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there was no ACL related to the AFS debt securities portfolio. Unrealized losses on fixed income securities at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 primarily reflected the effect of changes in interest rates.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the premium paid for acquired companies above the net fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including separately identifiable intangible assets. Management evaluates goodwill annually, or more frequently if necessary, to determine if any impairment exists. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the net carrying amount of goodwill was $751 million and $452 million, respectively.

We also have core deposit and customer relationship intangible assets, representing the value of acquired deposit and customer relationships, respectively, which are amortizing intangible assets. Amortizing intangible assets are required to be tested for impairment only when events or circumstances indicate that impairment may exist.

In connection with the acquisition of Reliant in the first quarter of 2022, we recorded goodwill and a core deposit intangible of $299 million and $14.5 million, respectively.

Deposits

Customer deposits are the primary source of funds for the continued growth of our earning assets. Our high level of service, as evidenced by our strong customer satisfaction scores, has been instrumental in attracting and retaining customer deposit accounts. The increase in deposits since December 31, 2021 is mostly driven by the deposits assumed in the Reliant transaction. More recently, we have seen some anticipated balance attrition, mostly in NOW and money market accounts, as rising interest rates have given customers more attractive returns outside of the banking system. Much of the recent decrease in balances is in public funds deposits.

Table 13 - Deposits
(in thousands)

						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
			Noninterest-bearing demand			$	8,198,129					$	6,956,981
			NOW and interest-bearing demand			4,208,731						4,252,209
			Money market and savings			6,147,066						5,399,133
			Time			1,622,608						1,442,498
			Total customer deposits			20,176,534						18,050,821
			Brokered deposits			144,608						190,358
			Total deposits			$	20,321,142					$	18,241,179

Borrowing Activities

At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had long-term debt outstanding of $325 million and $247 million, respectively, which includes senior debentures, subordinated debentures, and trust preferred securities. The increase since December 31, 2021 is a result of the subordinated debt and trust preferred securities assumed in the Reliant acquisition totaling $76.7 million. See Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements for further details.

Contractual Obligations

 

There have not been any material changes to our contractual obligations since December 31, 2021.

 

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We are a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, letters of credit and financial guarantees.

 

A commitment to extend credit is an agreement to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Letters of credit and financial guarantees are conditional commitments issued to guarantee a customer’s performance to a third party and have essentially the same credit risk as extending loan facilities to customers. Those commitments are primarily issued to local businesses.

 

The exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the commitments to extend credit, letters of credit and financial guarantees is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments. We use the same credit underwriting procedures for making commitments, letters of credit and financial guarantees, as we use for underwriting on-balance sheet instruments. Management evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis and the amount of the collateral, if deemed necessary, is based on the credit evaluation. Collateral held varies, but may include unimproved and improved real estate, certificates of deposit, personal property or other acceptable collateral.

 

All of these instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheet. The total amount of these instruments does not necessarily represent future cash requirements because a significant portion of these instruments expire without being used. We are not involved in off-balance sheet contractual relationships, other than those disclosed in this report, that could result in liquidity needs or other commitments, or that could significantly affect earnings. See Note 22 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2021 10-K and Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements in this Report for additional information on off-balance sheet arrangements.

Interest Rate Sensitivity Management

The absolute level and volatility of interest rates can have a significant effect on profitability. The objective of interest rate risk management is to identify and manage the sensitivity of net interest revenue to changing interest rates, consistent with our overall financial goals. Based on economic conditions, asset quality and various other considerations, management establishes tolerance ranges for interest rate sensitivity and manages within these ranges. 

Net interest revenue and the fair value of financial instruments are influenced by changes in the level of interest rates. We limit our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates through policies established by our ALCO and approved by the Board. The ALCO meets periodically and has responsibility for formulating and recommending asset/liability management policies to the Board, formulating and implementing strategies to improve balance sheet positioning and/or earnings, and reviewing interest rate sensitivity. 

One of the tools management uses to estimate and manage the sensitivity of net interest revenue to changes in interest rates is an asset/liability simulation model. Resulting estimates are based upon several assumptions for each scenario, including loan and deposit re-pricing characteristics and the rate of prepayments. The ALCO periodically reviews the assumptions for reasonableness based on historical data and future expectations; however, actual net interest revenue may differ from model results. The primary objective of the simulation model is to measure the potential change in net interest revenue over time using multiple interest rate scenarios. The base scenario assumes rates remain flat and is the scenario to which all others are compared, in order to measure the change in net interest revenue. Policy limits are based on immediate rate shock scenarios, as well as gradually rising and falling rate scenarios, which are all compared to the base scenario. Our assumptions include floors such that market rates and discount rates do not go below zero. Other scenarios analyzed may include delayed rate shocks, yield curve steepening or flattening, or other variations in rate movements. While the primary policy scenarios focus on a 12-month time frame, longer time horizons are also modeled. 

Our policy is based on the 12-month impact on net interest revenue of interest rate shocks and ramps that increase from 100 to 400 basis points or decrease 100 to 200 basis points from the base scenario. In the shock scenarios, rates immediately change the full amount at the scenario onset. In the ramp scenarios, rates change by 25 basis points per month. Our policy limits the projected change in net interest revenue over the first 12 months to an 8% decrease for each 100 basis point change in the increasing and decreasing rate ramp and shock scenarios. The following table presents our interest sensitivity position at the dates indicated.

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Table 14 - Interest Sensitivity
(in thousands)

									Increase (Decrease) in Net Interest Revenue from Base Scenario at
									September 30, 2022												December 31, 2021
			Change in Rates						Shock						Ramp						Shock						Ramp
			200 basis point increase						8.65		%				5.33		%				8.02		%				4.76		%
			100 basis point increase						4.45						3.60						3.87						3.07
			100 basis point decrease						(5.21)						(4.17)						(4.45)						(3.80)
			200 basis point decrease						(12.45)						(7.46)						(5.54)						(4.51)

 

Interest rate sensitivity is a function of the repricing characteristics of the portfolio of assets and liabilities. These repricing characteristics are the time frames within which the interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities are subject to change in interest rates either at replacement, repricing or maturity. Interest rate sensitivity management focuses on the maturity structure of assets and liabilities and their repricing characteristics during periods of changes in market interest rates. Effective interest rate sensitivity management seeks to ensure that both assets and liabilities respond to changes in interest rates on a net basis within an acceptable timeframe, thereby minimizing the potentially adverse effect of interest rate changes on net interest revenue.

 

We have discretion in the extent and timing of deposit repricing depending upon the competitive pressures in the markets in which we operate. Changes in the mix of earning assets or supporting liabilities can either increase or decrease the net interest margin without affecting interest rate sensitivity. The interest rate spread between an asset and its supporting liability can vary significantly even when the timing of repricing for both the asset and the liability remains the same, due to the two instruments repricing according to different indices. This is commonly referred to as basis risk.

 

Derivative financial instruments are used to manage interest rate sensitivity. These contracts generally consist of interest rate swaps under which we pay a variable rate (or fixed rate, as the case may be) and receive a fixed rate (or variable rate, as the case may be). In addition, investment securities and wholesale funding strategies are used to manage interest rate risk.

Derivative financial instruments that are designated as accounting hedges are classified as either cash flow or fair value hedges. The change in fair value of cash flow hedges is recognized in OCI. Fair value hedges recognize in earnings both the effect of the change in the fair value of the derivative financial instrument and the offsetting effect of the change in fair value of the hedged asset or liability associated with the particular risk of that asset or liability being hedged. We have other derivative financial instruments that are not designated as accounting hedges, but are used for interest rate risk management purposes and as effective economic hedges. Derivative financial instruments that are not accounted for as accounting hedges are marked to market through earnings.

Our policy requires all non-customer derivative financial instruments be used only for asset/liability management through the hedging of specific transactions, positions or risks, and not for trading or speculative purposes. Management believes that the risk associated with using derivative financial instruments to mitigate interest rate risk sensitivity is appropriately monitored and controlled and will not have any material adverse effect on financial condition or results of operations. In order to mitigate potential credit risk, from time to time we may require the counterparties to derivative contracts to pledge cash and/or securities as collateral to cover the net exposure. 

Liquidity Management 

Liquidity is defined as the ability to convert assets into cash or cash equivalents without significant loss and to raise additional funds by increasing liabilities. Liquidity management involves maintaining the ability to meet the daily cash flow requirements of customers, both depositors and borrowers. The primary objective is to ensure that sufficient funding is available, at a reasonable cost, to meet ongoing operational cash needs and to take advantage of revenue producing opportunities as they arise. While the desired level of liquidity will vary depending upon a variety of factors, our primary goal is to maintain a sufficient level of liquidity in all expected economic environments. To assist in determining the adequacy of our liquidity, we perform a variety of liquidity stress tests. We maintain an unencumbered liquid asset reserve to help ensure our ability to meet our obligations under normal conditions for at least a 12-month period and under severely adverse liquidity conditions for a minimum of 30 days.

An important part of the Bank’s liquidity resides in the asset portion of the balance sheet, which provides liquidity primarily through loan interest and principal repayments and the maturities and sales of securities, as well as the ability to use these assets as collateral for borrowings on a secured basis.

The Bank’s main source of liquidity is customer interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing deposit accounts. Liquidity is also available from wholesale funding sources consisting primarily of Federal funds purchased, FHLB advances, and brokered deposits. These

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sources of liquidity are generally short-term in nature and are used as necessary to fund asset growth and meet other short-term liquidity needs. 

In addition, because the Holding Company is a separate entity and apart from the Bank, it must provide for its own liquidity. The Holding Company is responsible for the payment of dividends declared for its common and preferred shareholders, and interest and principal on any outstanding debt or trust preferred securities. The Holding Company currently has internal capital resources to meet these obligations. While the Holding Company has access to the capital markets and maintains a line of credit as a contingent funding source, the ultimate sources of its liquidity are subsidiary service fees and dividends from the Bank, which are limited by applicable law and regulations. A South Carolina state-chartered bank is permitted to pay a dividend of up to 100% of its current year earnings without requesting approval of the South Carolina Board of Financial Institutions, provided certain conditions are met. Holding Company liquidity is managed to a minimum of 15-months of anticipated cash expenditures after considering all of its liquidity needs over this period.

At September 30, 2022, we had sufficient qualifying collateral to provide borrowing capacity for FHLB advances of $1.54 billion and Federal Reserve discount window borrowing capacity of $2.44 billion. We also had unpledged investment securities of $4.58 billion that could be used as collateral for additional borrowings. In addition, we have the ability to attract retail deposits by competing more aggressively on pricing.

Significant uses and sources of cash during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 are as follows. See the consolidated statement of cash flows for further detail.

•Net cash provided by operating activities of $508 million reflects net income of $196 million adjusted for non-cash transactions, gains and losses on sales of securities and other loans, a decrease in loans held for sale of $136 million and changes in other assets and liabilities. Significant non-cash transactions for the period included a $44.1 million provision for credit losses and net depreciation, amortization, and accretion of $34.7 million.

•Net cash used in investing activities of $1.84 billion primarily consisted of purchases of AFS and HTM debt securities of $1.99 billion and a net increase in loans of $773 million, partially offset by proceeds from securities sales, maturities and calls of $916 million.

•Net cash used in financing activities of $499 million was driven by a net decrease in deposits of $424 million, combined with dividends on common and preferred stock of $68.4 million.

In the opinion of management, our liquidity position at September 30, 2022 was sufficient to meet our expected cash flow requirements for the foreseeable future.

Capital Resources and Dividends

 

Shareholders’ equity at September 30, 2022 was $2.63 billion, an increase of $412 million from December 31, 2021 primarily due to equity issued in the Reliant acquisition and year-to-date earnings partially offset by dividends declared and unrealized losses on AFS debt securities.

The following table shows capital ratios, as calculated under applicable regulatory guidelines, at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. As of September 30, 2022, capital levels remained characterized as “well-capitalized” under regulatory requirements in effect at the time. Additional information related to capital ratios is provided in Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements.

Table 15 - Capital Ratios

																								United Community Banks, Inc. (Consolidated)												United Community Bank
						Minimum						Well- Capitalized						Minimum Capital Plus Capital Conservation Buffer						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
Risk-based ratios:
CET1 capital						4.5		%				6.5		%				7.0		%				12.13		%				12.46		%				12.94		%				12.87		%
Tier 1 capital						6.0						8.0						8.5						12.68						13.17						12.94						12.87
Total capital						8.0						10.0						10.5						14.62						14.65						13.75						13.46
Leverage ratio						4.0						5.0						N/A						9.41						8.75						9.58						8.53

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Effect of Inflation and Changing Prices

 

A bank’s asset and liability structure is substantially different from that of an industrial firm in that primarily all assets and liabilities of a bank are monetary in nature with relatively little investment in fixed assets or inventories. Inflation has an important effect on the growth of total assets and the resulting need to increase equity capital at higher than normal rates in order to maintain an appropriate equity to assets ratio.

 

Management believes the effect of inflation on financial results depends on our ability to react to changes in interest rates, and by such reaction, reduce the inflationary effect on performance. We have an asset/liability management program to manage interest rate sensitivity. In addition, periodic reviews of banking services and products are conducted to adjust pricing in view of current and expected costs.

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Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

 

There have been no material changes in our market risk as of September 30, 2022 from that presented in our 2021 10-K. Our interest rate sensitivity position at September 30, 2022 is set forth in Table 14 in MD&A of this Report and incorporated herein by this reference.

 

Item 4.    Controls and Procedures

    (a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of September 30, 2022. Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

    (b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)) occurred during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2022 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II. OTHER INFORMATION 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

 

In the ordinary course of business, the Holding Company and the Bank are parties to various legal proceedings. Additionally, in the ordinary course of business, the Holding Company and the Bank are subject to regulatory examinations and investigations. Based on our current knowledge and advice of counsel, in the opinion of management there is no such pending or threatened legal matter which would result in a material adverse effect upon our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

Items 1A. Risk Factors

Except with respect to the additional risk factors related to the proposed Progress acquisition, which are set forth in the final prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) on July 12, 2022 (and incorporated herein by this reference), there have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in the 2021 10-K.

Item 5. Other Information

On November 1, 2022, the Talent and Compensation Committee of the Board (the “Committee”) approved the termination of the change in control severance agreements between the Holding Company and its executive officers, including H. Lynn Harton, Jefferson L. Harralson, Richard W. Bradshaw, Robert A. Edwards and Melinda Davis Lux after a review process that determined the agreements were outdated in several respects. The current form of the Holding Company’s change in control agreements, which was originally adopted for the Holding Company’s executive officers in March of 2015, provided severance benefits to the Holding Company’s executive officers in the event of a termination of employment for specified reasons in connection with a change in control of the Holding Company. The review of the agreements was undertaken by the Committee in the ordinary course of reviewing compensation arrangements applicable to the Holding Company’s executive officers. The Committee is in the process of considering the development of new change in control agreements for the Holding Company’s executive officers, which the Committee would anticipate implementing in the coming months. In connection with the termination of the change in control agreements, each of the executive officers entered into a letter agreement agreeing thereto.

The foregoing description of the change in control agreement termination letter agreement is qualified in its entirety by the terms of such letter, the form of which is filed as Exhibit 10.1 hereto and incorporated herein by reference.

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Item 6. Exhibits

(d)     Exhibits. See Exhibit Index below.

EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit No.						Description
3.1						Restated Articles of Incorporation of United Community Banks, Inc. as amended through August 13, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to United Community Bank Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2021, filed on November 5, 2021.
3.2						Amended and Restated Bylaws of United Community Banks, Inc., as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to United Community Banks, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2015, filed with the SEC on May 11, 2015).
10.1						Form of Change in Control Agreement Termination Letter Agreement, dated November 1, 2022, between United Community Banks, Inc. and each of H. Lynn Harton, Jefferson L. Harralson, Richard W. Bradshaw, Robert A. Edwards, Melinda Davis Lux, Mark A. Terry and Holly N. Berry.
31.1						Certification by H. Lynn Harton, President and Chief Executive Officer of United Community Banks, Inc., pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a).
31.2						Certification by Jefferson L. Harralson, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of United Community Banks, Inc., pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a).
32						Certification of CEO and CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
101						Interactive data files for United Community Bank, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited); (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited); (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited); (iv) the Consolidated Statements in Shareholders’ Equity (unaudited); (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited); and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).
104						The cover page from United Community Bank’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 (formatted in Inline XBRL and included in Exhibit 101)

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Signatures

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

			UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
			/s/ H. Lynn Harton
			H. Lynn Harton
			President and Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)
			/s/ Jefferson L. Harralson
			Jefferson L. Harralson
			Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial Officer)
			/s/ Alan H. Kumler
			Alan H. Kumler
			Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
			(Principal Accounting Officer)
			Date: November 4, 2022

 

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