In addition to the DWS Norm Assessment, an issuer will not meet the Advisor’s sustainability criteria if it is determined to be directly involved in one or more very severe, unresolved controversies related to the principles of the UN Global Compact.
DWS ESG Quality Assessment
The DWS ESG Quality Assessment utilizes a peer group comparison and is designed to evaluate an issuer’s overall ESG performance, based on consensus among several ESG data vendors (best-in-class approach), for example, concerning the handling of environmental changes, product safety, employee management or corporate ethics. The peer group for an issuer is comprised of other issuers in the same industry. Issuers determined to exhibit better overall ESG performance relative to their peer group receive a better grade, while issuers determined to exhibit worse overall ESG performance relative to their peer group receive a worse grade.
Exposure to controversial sectors and weapons
An issuer will not meet the Advisor’s sustainability criteria if it is determined that it is significantly involved in, or significantly exposed to (each as determined by certain minimum revenue thresholds, generally 0-10%), certain controversial business areas and business activities, including: controversial weapons, the defense industry, civil handguns or ammunition, tobacco products, gambling, adult entertainment, palm oil, nuclear power generation, uranium mining and/or uranium enrichment, extraction of crude oil, unconventional extraction of crude oil and/or natural gas, coal mining and oil extraction, power generation from coal, power generation from and other use of other fossil fuels (excluding natural gas), and mining and exploration of and services in connection with oil sands and oil shale. An issuer also will not meet the Advisor’s sustainability criteria if it is identified as having coal expansion plans, such as additional coal mining, coal production or coal usage.
Changes to the Advisor’s Sustainability Criteria / Adjustments to individual ESG assessment scores
The Advisor’s sustainability criteria may be updated periodically to, among other things, add or remove ESG assessments, change the methodology applicable to an ESG assessment, or revise an ESG assessment grade or revenue threshold for meeting the Advisor’s sustainability criteria.
In addition, in certain circumstances, a DWS internal review process allows for adjustment to certain individual assessment scores, as calculated by the DWS ESG Engine.
Proprietary Quantitative Investment Models
The quantitative models utilized by portfolio management are research based and seek to identify primarily fundamental factors, including valuation, momentum, profitability, earnings and sales growth, which have been effective sources of return historically. These are dynamic models with different factor weights for different industry groupings. The fund’s portfolio is constructed based on this quantitative process that strives to maximize returns while maintaining a risk profile similar to the fund’s benchmark index. All investment decisions are made within risk parameters set by portfolio management. The factors considered and models used by portfolio management may be adjusted from time to time and may favor different types of securities from different industries and companies at different times.
At the time of the portfolio’s scheduled rebalancing, a security may be sold when a quantitative model indicates that other investments are more attractive, when the company no longer meets performance or risk expectations, or to maintain portfolio characteristics similar to the fund’s benchmark. A security also generally will be sold if it no longer meet’s the Advisor’s sustainability criteria.
Derivatives. The fund may invest in derivatives, which are financial instruments whose performance is derived, at least in part, from the performance of an underlying asset, security or index. In particular, portfolio management may use futures contracts as a substitute for direct investment in a particular asset class or to keep cash on hand to meet shareholder redemptions. In addition, portfolio management may (but is not obligated to do so) use forward currency contracts to hedge the fund's exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates on its foreign currency denominated portfolio holdings or to facilitate transactions in foreign currency denominated securities. Portfolio management may also use put options for hedging and volatility management purposes.
The fund may also use other types of derivatives (i) for hedging purposes; (ii) for risk management; (iii) for non-hedging purposes to seek to enhance potential gains; or (iv) as a substitute for direct investment in a particular asset class or to keep cash on hand to meet shareholder redemptions. Derivatives used by the fund are not subject to the Advisor’s sustainability criteria.
Securities lending. The fund may lend securities (up to one-third of total assets) to approved institutions, such as registered broker-dealers, pooled investment vehicles, banks and other financial institutions. In connection with such loans, the fund