Average Annualized
|
||||
Since Inception
|
||||
Reporting Period
|
1 Year
|
12/28/21
|
||
EATV, at market
|
13.95%
|
-3.80%
|
-16.14%
|
|
EATV, at NAV
|
13.94%
|
-3.77%
|
-16.24%
|
|
S&P 500 Index
|
20.98%
|
22.66%
|
3.84%
|
Beginning
|
Ending
|
Expenses Paid
|
|
Account Value
|
Account Value
|
During Period(1)
|
|
11/1/23
|
4/30/24
|
11/1/23 – 4/30/24
|
|
VegTech Plant-based Innovation & Climate ETF
|
|||
Actual
|
$1,000.00
|
$1,139.40
|
$3.99
|
Hypothetical (5% return before expenses)
|
$1,000.00
|
$1,021.13
|
$3.77
|
(1)
|
Expenses are equal to the annualized expense ratio of 0.75%, multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by 182 (days in the most recent fiscal half-year)/366 days to reflect the
one-half year expense. The ending account values in the table are based on the actual total returns of the shares of the Fund.
|
COMMON STOCKS – 96.2%
|
Shares
|
Value
|
||||||
Advanced Materials/Products – 0.3%
|
||||||||
Ultrafabrics Holdings Co. Ltd.
|
2,300
|
$
|
17,719
|
|||||
Agricultural Chemicals – 0.1%
|
||||||||
Desert Control AS(a)
|
12,535
|
6,940
|
||||||
Agricultural Operations – 9.2%
|
||||||||
Dole PLC
|
14,191
|
172,704
|
||||||
Fresh Del Monte Produce, Inc.
|
4,738
|
121,151
|
||||||
Limoneira Co.
|
5,129
|
101,452
|
||||||
Village Farms International, Inc.(a)
|
73,830
|
112,960
|
||||||
508,267
|
||||||||
Athletic Footwear – 3.1%
|
||||||||
On Holding AG – Class A(a)
|
5,520
|
175,260
|
||||||
Auto-Cars/Light Trucks – 0.2%
|
||||||||
Tesla, Inc.(a)
|
46
|
8,431
|
||||||
Beverages-Non-alcoholic – 13.9%
|
||||||||
Celsius Holdings, Inc.(a)
|
6,210
|
442,587
|
||||||
Monster Beverage Corp.(a)
|
4,048
|
216,365
|
||||||
Oatly Group AB – ADR(a)
|
31,694
|
36,448
|
||||||
Vita Coco Co., Inc.(a)
|
2,254
|
54,637
|
||||||
Vitasoy International Holdings Ltd.
|
46,000
|
34,517
|
||||||
784,554
|
||||||||
Beverages-Wine/Spirits – 0.6%
|
||||||||
MGP Ingredients, Inc.
|
460
|
36,082
|
||||||
Brewery – 4.4%
|
||||||||
Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV – ADR
|
1,357
|
80,959
|
||||||
Molson Coors Beverage Co. – Class B
|
2,921
|
167,256
|
||||||
248,215
|
||||||||
Chemicals-Fibers – 0.1%
|
||||||||
Lenzing AG(a)
|
161
|
5,215
|
||||||
Chemicals-Specialty – 17.6%
|
||||||||
Givaudan SA
|
46
|
197,460
|
||||||
International Flavors & Fragrances, Inc.
|
2,024
|
171,332
|
||||||
Novonesis (Novozymes) B – Class B
|
6,624
|
368,311
|
||||||
Sensient Technologies Corp.
|
3,266
|
239,137
|
||||||
976,240
|
||||||||
Cosmetics & Toiletries – 8.0%
|
||||||||
e.l.f. Beauty, Inc.(a)
|
2,760
|
448,583
|
Shares
|
Value
|
|||||||
Food-Misc./Diversified – 18.8%
|
||||||||
Beyond Meat, Inc.(a)
|
6,693
|
$
|
45,379
|
|||||
Corbion NV
|
6,693
|
146,713
|
||||||
Ingredion, Inc.
|
3,427
|
392,699
|
||||||
Lamb Weston Holdings, Inc.
|
1,840
|
153,346
|
||||||
SunOpta, Inc.(a)
|
39,606
|
259,419
|
||||||
Tate & Lyle PLC
|
7,291
|
60,038
|
||||||
1,057,594
|
||||||||
Food-Wholesale/Distribution – 4.7%
|
||||||||
Mission Produce, Inc.(a)
|
23,115
|
262,355
|
||||||
Footwear & Related Apparel – 5.7%
|
||||||||
Crocs, Inc.(a)
|
2,599
|
323,238
|
||||||
Investment Companies – 0.3%
|
||||||||
Agronomics Ltd.(a)
|
174,363
|
18,519
|
||||||
Machinery-Farm – 8.9%
|
||||||||
CNH Industrial NV
|
21,114
|
240,700
|
||||||
Kubota Corp.
|
16,100
|
259,852
|
||||||
500,552
|
||||||||
Medical Labs & Testing Services – 0.1%
|
||||||||
Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings, Inc. – Class A(a)
|
8,372
|
7,460
|
||||||
Retail-Vitamins/Nutritional Supplements – 0.2%
|
||||||||
Else Nutrition Holdings, Inc.(a)
|
69,000
|
12,781
|
||||||
TOTAL COMMON STOCKS (Cost $4,586,682)
|
5,398,005
|
|||||||
EXCHANGE-TRADED FUNDS – 1.6%
|
||||||||
WisdomTree Floating Rate Treasury Fund
|
1,771
|
89,152
|
||||||
TOTAL EXCHANGE-TRADED FUNDS (Cost $89,073)
|
89,152
|
|||||||
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS – 2.2%
|
||||||||
Money Market Funds – 2.2%
|
||||||||
First American Government Obligations Fund – Class X, 5.23%(b)
|
123,368
|
123,368
|
||||||
TOTAL SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (Cost $123,368)
|
123,368
|
|||||||
TOTAL INVESTMENTS – 100.0% (Cost $4,799,123)
|
5,610,525
|
|||||||
Other Assets in Excess of Liabilities – 0.0%(c)
|
626
|
|||||||
TOTAL NET ASSETS – 100.0%
|
$
|
5,611,151
|
(a)
|
Non-income producing security.
|
(b)
|
The rate shown represents the 7-day effective yield as of April 30, 2024.
|
(c)
|
Represents less than 0.05% of net assets.
|
Country Allocation of Portfolio Holdings as of April 30, 2024 (Unaudited) |
|||||
Country
|
Percentage of Net Assets
|
||||
United States
|
58.5
|
%
|
|||
Netherlands
|
6.9
|
%
|
|||
Canada
|
6.9
|
%
|
|||
Switzerland
|
6.6
|
%
|
|||
Denmark
|
6.6
|
%
|
|||
Japan
|
4.9
|
%
|
|||
Ireland
|
3.2
|
%
|
|||
Cayman Islands
|
2.2
|
%
|
|||
Belgium
|
1.4
|
%
|
|||
United Kingdom
|
1.1
|
%
|
|||
Sweden
|
0.6
|
%
|
|||
Hong Kong
|
0.6
|
%
|
|||
Isle of Man
|
0.3
|
%
|
|||
Norway
|
0.1
|
%
|
|||
Austria
|
0.1
|
%
|
|||
Total Investments
|
100.0
|
%
|
|||
Other Assets in Excess of Liabilities
|
0.0
|
%(a)
|
|||
Total Net Assets
|
100.0
|
%
|
(a)
|
Represents less than 0.05% of net assets.
|
ASSETS
|
||||
Investments, at value (cost $4,799,123)
|
$
|
5,610,525
|
||
Receivables:
|
||||
Dividends and interest
|
4,091
|
|||
Total assets
|
5,614,616
|
|||
LIABILITIES
|
||||
Payables:
|
||||
Due to Custodian (cost $95)
|
117
|
|||
Management fees
|
3,348
|
|||
Total liabilities
|
3,465
|
|||
NET ASSETS
|
$
|
5,611,151
|
||
CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE
|
||||
Net assets applicable to shares outstanding
|
$
|
5,611,151
|
||
Shares issued and outstanding [unlimited number of shares (par value $0.01) authorized]
|
345,000
|
|||
Net asset value per share
|
$
|
16.26
|
||
COMPONENTS OF NET ASSETS
|
||||
Paid-in capital
|
$
|
7,138,826
|
||
Total accumulated deficit
|
(1,527,675
|
)
|
||
Net assets
|
$
|
5,611,151
|
INVESTMENT INCOME
|
||||
Income
|
||||
Dividends (net of issuance fees and foreign tax withheld of $1,470)
|
$
|
33,820
|
||
Interest
|
2,306
|
|||
Total income
|
36,126
|
|||
Expenses
|
||||
Management fees
|
20,451
|
|||
Total expenses
|
20,451
|
|||
Net investment income
|
15,675
|
|||
REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN/(LOSS) ON INVESTMENTS AND FOREIGN CURRENCY
|
||||
Net realized loss on transactions from:
|
||||
Investments
|
(111,679
|
)
|
||
Foreign currency
|
(2,191
|
)
|
||
Net change in unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) on:
|
||||
Investments
|
767,183
|
|||
Foreign currency
|
(53
|
)
|
||
Net realized and unrealized gain on investments and foreign currency
|
653,260
|
|||
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations
|
$
|
668,935
|
Six Months Ended
|
||||||||
April 30, 2024
|
Year Ended
|
|||||||
(Unaudited)
|
October 31, 2023
|
|||||||
INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS FROM:
|
||||||||
OPERATIONS
|
||||||||
Net investment income
|
$
|
15,675
|
$
|
57,886
|
||||
Net realized gain/(loss) on transactions from:
|
||||||||
Investments
|
(111,679
|
)
|
(694,151
|
)
|
||||
Foreign currency
|
(2,191
|
)
|
(5,119
|
)
|
||||
Distribution from regulated investment company
|
—
|
7
|
||||||
Net change in unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) on:
|
||||||||
Investments
|
767,183
|
234,789
|
||||||
Foreign currency
|
(53
|
)
|
88
|
|||||
Net increase/(decrease) in net assets
|
||||||||
resulting from operations
|
668,935
|
(406,500
|
)
|
|||||
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS TO SHAREHOLDERS
|
||||||||
Net dividends and distributions to shareholders
|
(47,676
|
)
|
(8,585
|
)
|
||||
Total dividends and distributions
|
(47,676
|
)
|
(8,585
|
)
|
||||
CAPITAL SHARE TRANSACTIONS
|
||||||||
Net increase in net assets derived from net change in outstanding shares (a)
|
239,382
|
494,446
|
||||||
Total increase in net assets
|
860,641
|
79,361
|
||||||
NET ASSETS
|
||||||||
Beginning of period
|
4,750,510
|
4,671,149
|
||||||
End of period
|
$
|
5,611,151
|
$
|
4,750,510
|
(a)
|
A summary of share transactions is as follows:
|
Six Months Ended
|
|||||||||||||||||
April 30, 2024
|
Year Ended
|
||||||||||||||||
(Unaudited)
|
October 31, 2023
|
||||||||||||||||
Shares
|
Paid-in Capital
|
Shares
|
Paid-in Capital
|
||||||||||||||
Shares sold
|
15,000
|
$
|
239,308
|
30,000
|
$
|
494,214
|
|||||||||||
Transaction fees (See Note 1)
|
—
|
74
|
—
|
232
|
|||||||||||||
Net increase
|
15,000
|
$
|
239,382
|
30,000
|
$
|
494,446
|
For the Period
|
||||||||||||
Six Months Ended
|
December 28, 2021*
|
|||||||||||
April 30, 2024
|
Year Ended
|
through
|
||||||||||
(Unaudited)
|
October 31, 2023
|
October 31, 2022
|
||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period
|
$
|
14.40
|
$
|
15.57
|
$
|
24.86
|
||||||
Income from investment operations:
|
||||||||||||
Net investment income/(loss)
|
0.16
|
0.18
|
(0.00
|
)(3)
|
||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments
|
1.84
|
(1.32
|
)
|
(9.29
|
)
|
|||||||
Total from investment operations
|
2.00
|
(1.14
|
)
|
(9.29
|
)
|
|||||||
Less distributions:
|
||||||||||||
From net investment income
|
(0.14
|
)
|
(0.03
|
)
|
—
|
|||||||
Total distributions
|
(0.14
|
)
|
(0.03
|
)
|
—
|
|||||||
Net asset value, end of period
|
$
|
16.26
|
$
|
14.40
|
$
|
15.57
|
||||||
Total return, at NAV
|
13.94
|
%(2)
|
-7.38
|
%
|
-37.37
|
%(2)
|
||||||
Total return, at Market
|
13.95
|
%(2)
|
-7.21
|
%
|
-37.33
|
%(2)
|
||||||
Ratios/supplemental data:
|
||||||||||||
Net assets, end of period (thousands)
|
$
|
5,611
|
$
|
4,751
|
$
|
4,671
|
||||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets
|
0.75
|
%(1)
|
0.75
|
%
|
0.75
|
%(1)
|
||||||
Ratio of net investment income/(loss)
|
||||||||||||
to average net assets
|
0.57
|
%(1)
|
1.14
|
%
|
(0.02
|
)%(1)
|
||||||
Portfolio turnover rate(4)
|
63.36
|
%(2)
|
229.75
|
%
|
133.36
|
%(2)
|
(1)
|
Annualized.
|
(2)
|
Not Annualized.
|
(3)
|
Amount is less than $0.005.
|
(4)
|
Excludes impact of in-kind transactions.
|
*
|
Commencement of operations.
|
Level 1 –
|
Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
|
|
Level 2 –
|
Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These inputs may include quoted prices for the identical instrument
on an inactive market, prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, yield curves, default rates and similar data.
|
|
Level 3 –
|
Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, to the extent relevant observable inputs are not available; representing the Fund’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in
valuing the asset or liability and would be based on the best information available.
|
Level 1
|
Level 2
|
Level 3
|
Total
|
||||||||||||||
Common Stocks
|
$
|
5,398,005
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
5,398,005
|
|||||||||
Exchange-Traded Funds
|
89,152
|
—
|
—
|
89,152
|
|||||||||||||
Money Market Funds
|
123,368
|
—
|
—
|
123,368
|
|||||||||||||
Total Investments
|
$
|
5,610,525
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
5,610,525
|
April 30, 2024
|
October 31, 2023
|
||
Ordinary income
|
$47,676
|
$8,585
|
Cost of investments (a)
|
$
|
4,873,506
|
|||
Gross unrealized appreciation
|
599,087
|
||||
Gross unrealized depreciation
|
(722,440
|
)
|
|||
Net unrealized depreciation (a)
|
(123,353
|
)
|
|||
Net unrealized appreciation on foreign currency
|
32
|
||||
Undistributed ordinary income
|
38,816
|
||||
Undistributed long-term capital gain
|
—
|
||||
Total distributable earnings
|
38,816
|
||||
Other accumulated gain/(loss)
|
(2,064,429
|
)
|
|||
Total accumulated gain/(loss)
|
$
|
(2,148,934
|
)
|
(a)
|
The difference between the book-basis and tax-basis net unrealized depreciation and cost is attributable to wash sales.
|
•
|
Newer Fund Risk. The Fund is a recently organized investment company with limited operating history. There can be no assurance that the Fund will grow to or maintain an
economically viable size, in which case the Board may determine to liquidate the Fund.
|
|
•
|
Climate Change and VegTech™ Policy Risk. The Fund’s policy of investing in companies as
a means to promote positive climate change could cause the Fund to perform differently compared to similar funds that do not have such a policy. This policy may result in the Fund foregoing opportunities to buy certain securities when it
might otherwise be economically advantageous to do so, or selling securities when it might be otherwise economically disadvantageous for it to do so. The Fund will vote proxies in a manner which is consistent with its VegTech™ and climate policy themes, which may not always be consistent with maximizing short-term performance of the issuer.
|
|
•
|
Foreign Securities Risk. Foreign securities may be more volatile and less liquid than domestic (U.S.) securities, which could affect the Fund’s investments. Securities
markets of other countries are generally smaller than U.S. securities markets.
|
|
•
|
Initial Public Offering Risk. The market value of IPO shares may fluctuate considerably due to factors such as the absence of a prior public market, unseasoned trading,
the small number of shares available for trading and limited information about the issuer. The purchase of IPO shares may involve high transaction costs. IPO shares are subject to market risk and liquidity risk.
|
|
•
|
Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified, which means that it may invest a high percentage of its assets in a limited number of securities. Since the Fund
is non-diversified, its NAV and total returns may fluctuate or fall more than a diversified fund. Gains or losses on a single stock may have a greater impact on the Fund.
|
|
•
|
Depositary Receipt Risk. Foreign receipts, which include ADRs, GDRs, and EDRs, are securities that evidence ownership interests in a security or a pool of securities
issued by a foreign issuer. The risks of depositary receipts include many risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities, such as individual country risk and liquidity risk. Unsponsored ADRs, which are issued by a depositary
bank without the participation or consent of the issuer, involve additional risks because U.S. reporting requirements do not apply, and the issuing bank will recover shareholder distribution costs from movement of share prices and payment of
dividends.
|
•
|
Sector Emphasis Risk. The securities of companies in the same or related businesses, if comprising a significant portion of the Fund’s portfolio, could react in some
circumstances negatively to market conditions, interest rates and economic, regulatory or financial developments and adversely affect the value of the portfolio to a greater extent than if such business comprised a lesser portion of the
Fund’s portfolio.
|
|
•
|
ETF Risks. The Fund is an ETF, and, as a result of an ETF’s structure, it is exposed to the following risks:
|
•
|
Authorized Participants, Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as Authorized
Participants (“APs”). In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly
face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or
significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.
|
||
•
|
Costs of Buying or Selling Shares. Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid-ask spreads, frequent trading
of Shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.
|
||
•
|
Shares May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, Shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the
market price of Shares will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price of Shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount) due to supply and demand of Shares or during periods
of market volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility, periods of steep market declines, and periods when there is limited trading activity for Shares in the secondary market, in which case such premiums or discounts may
be significant.
|
||
•
|
Trading. Although Shares are listed for trading on NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”) and may be traded on U.S. exchanges other than the Exchange, there can be no
assurance that Shares will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be
significantly less liquid than Shares, and this could lead to differences between the market price of the Shares and the underlying value of those Shares.
|
||
•
|
Portfolio Turnover Risk. A high portfolio turnover rate (100% or more) has the potential to result in the realization and distribution to shareholders of higher capital
gains, which may subject you to a higher tax liability.
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1.
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THE NATURE, EXTENT AND QUALITY OF THE SERVICES PROVIDED AND TO BE PROVIDED BY THE ADVISER AND SUB-ADVISER UNDER THE ADVISORY AGREEMENTS. The Board considered the nature, extent and quality of the Adviser and
Sub-Adviser’s overall services provided to the Fund, as well as their specific responsibilities in all aspects of day-to-day investment management of the Fund. The Board considered the qualifications, experience and responsibilities of the
portfolio managers, as well as the responsibilities of other key personnel of the Adviser and Sub-Adviser involved in the day-to-day activities of the Fund. The Board also considered the resources and compliance structure of the Adviser and
Sub-Adviser, including information regarding their compliance programs, their chief compliance officers and the Adviser and Sub-Adviser’s compliance record, as well as the Adviser and Sub-Adviser’s cybersecurity programs, liquidity risk
management programs, valuation procedures, business continuity plans, and risk management processes. The Board further considered the prior relationship between the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser and the Trust, as well as the Board’s knowledge of
the Adviser and the Sub-Adviser’s operations, and noted that during the course of the prior year they had met with certain personnel of the Adviser to discuss the Fund’s performance and investment outlook as well as various marketing and
compliance topics. The Board concluded that the Adviser and the Sub-Adviser had the quality and depth of personnel, resources, investment processes and compliance policies and procedures essential to performing their duties under the Advisory
Agreements and that they were satisfied with the nature, overall quality and extent of such management services.
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2.
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THE FUND’S HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE AND THE OVERALL PERFORMANCE OF THE ADVISER. In assessing the quality of the portfolio management delivered by the Adviser, the Board reviewed the short-term and long-term
performance of the Fund as of June 30, 2023, on both an absolute basis and a relative basis in comparison to its peer funds utilizing Morningstar classifications, an appropriate securities market benchmark, a cohort that is comprised of
similarly managed funds selected by an independent third-party consulting firm engaged by the Board to assist it in its 15(c) review (the “Cohort”), and the Adviser’s similarly managed accounts. While the Board considered both short-term and
long-term performance, it placed greater emphasis on longer term performance. When reviewing performance against the comparative Morningstar peer group universe, the Board took into account that the investment objective and strategies of the
Fund, as well as its level of risk tolerance, may differ significantly from funds in the peer universe. When reviewing the Fund’s performance against a broad market benchmark, the Board took into account the differences in portfolio
construction between the Fund and such benchmark as well as other differences between actively managed funds and passive benchmarks, such as objectives and risks. In assessing periods of relative underperformance or outperformance, the Board
took into account that relative performance can be significantly impacted by performance measurement periods and that some periods of underperformance may be transitory in nature while others may reflect more significant underlying issues.
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The Board noted that the Fund outperformed the average of the Morningstar peer group for the one-year period and underperformed the average of its Cohort for the one-year period, all periods ended June 30,
2023. The Board reviewed the performance of the Fund against a broad-based securities market benchmark, noting that it had underperformed its primary benchmark index for the one-year period ended June 30, 2023.
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3.
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THE COSTS OF THE SERVICES TO BE PROVIDED BY THE ADVISER AND SUB-ADVISER AND THE STRUCTURE OF THE ADVISER AND SUB-ADVISER’S FEE UNDER THE ADVISORY AGREEMENTS. In considering the advisory fee and sub-advisory
fees and total expenses of the Fund, the Board reviewed comparisons to the Morningstar peer funds, the Cohort, and the Adviser’s similarly managed separate accounts, if any, for other types of clients as well as the unitary management fee
structure for the Fund. The Board noted that the Adviser does not manage any other accounts in a similar strategy.
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The Board noted that the Fund employed a unitary fee structure of 0.75%, whereby the Adviser has agreed from the unitary fee to pay all operating expenses of the Fund (other than taxes and governmental fees,
brokerage fees, commissions and other transaction expenses, certain foreign custodial fees and expenses, costs of borrowing money, including interest expenses, and extraordinary expenses, such as litigation and indemnification expenses and
shareholder proxy). In comparison to the Cohort, the Board considered that the Fund’s contractual management fee and net expense ratio was below the median and above the average of its Cohort. The Board noted that the Fund’s net expense ratio
was below the Morningstar peer group average. The Board determined that the fees to be paid to the Adviser and Sub-Adviser were fair and reasonable.
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4.
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ECONOMIES OF SCALE. The Board also considered whether economies of scale could be expected to be realized by the Adviser as assets of the Fund grow. The Board noted that as the Fund was still relatively new,
there were no additional significant economies of scale being realized by the Adviser at this time.
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5.
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THE PROFITS TO BE REALIZED BY THE ADVISER AND ITS AFFILIATES FROM ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE FUND. The Board reviewed the Adviser’s and Sub-Adviser’s financial information and took into account both the direct
benefits and the indirect benefits to the Adviser and Sub-Adviser from advising the Fund. The Board considered the profitability to the Adviser and Sub-Adviser from their relationship with the Fund and considered any additional material
benefits derived by the Adviser and Sub-Adviser from their relationship with the Fund. After such review, the Board determined that the profitability to the Adviser and Sub-Adviser with respect to the Advisory Agreements was not excessive,
and that the Adviser and Sub-Adviser had maintained adequate resources and profit levels to support the services each provides to the Fund.
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(a)
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The Registrant’s President/Chief Executive Officer/Principal Executive Officer and Vice President/Treasurer/Principal Financial Officer have reviewed the Registrant's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c)
under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (the “Act”)) as of a date within 90 days of the filing of this report, as required by Rule 30a-3(b) under the Act and Rules 13a-15(b) or 15d‑15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934. Based on their review, such officers have concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed in this report is appropriately recorded, processed, summarized and
reported and made known to them by others within the Registrant and by the Registrant’s service provider.
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(b)
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There were no changes in the Registrant's internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Act) that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably
likely to materially affect, the Registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
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(a)
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(1) Any code of ethics or amendment thereto, that is the subject of the disclosure required by Item 2, to the extent that the registrant intends to satisfy Item 2 requirements through filing an
exhibit. Not applicable.
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*
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Print the name and title of each signing officer under his or her signature.
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